Transcript CHAPTER 19
HOLT
CHAPTER 19
World
Geography
Today
The Persian Gulf and Interior
Section 1: Natural Environments
1
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
2
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
3
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Middle East Physical Map
4
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Landforms and rivers:
Saudi Arabia—mountains in the west and dry
plains stretching to the Persian Gulf
Iraq—wide plain of Mesopotamia, with two great
rivers, Tigris and Euphrates
Iran—Zagros, Elburz, and Kopet-Dag Mountains,
along with high plateaus
Afghanistan—Hindu Kush
5
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Effects of physical geography on climates
and biomes:
Mountains provide water to valleys below by
blocking moist winds and causing rain.
Saudi Arabian lowlands are hot but humid, due to
nearby sea.
Higher elevations have cooler temperatures.
Trees are common only in mountains.
6
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Key natural resources in the region are
oil and water.
Water, a scarce resource:
Tigris and Euphrates are critical to Iraq.
Farmers in northern Iran depend on rain; others rely
on irrigation.
Desert areas may have oases and wells.
Desalinization of seawater is possible for wealthy
countries.
7
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Key natural resources in the region are
oil and water. (continued)
Oil, plentiful and valuable:
Persian Gulf reserves are the world’s largest.
Iraq, Oman, and Yemen also have deposits.
Only Iran has substantial metallic ores.
8
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
CHAPTER 20
The Eastern Mediterranean
Section 1: Natural Environments
9
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Landforms and rivers:
Turkey—plains and hills; two mountain ranges;
Anatolian Plateau
coastal plain in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel
rift valley, edged with hills
Jordan River, flows into Dead Sea
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
10
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON
Section 1
Natural Environments
HOLT
World
Geography
Today
Climates, biomes, and natural resources:
arid, semi-arid, and Mediterranean climates
distance from sea, elevation, rain shadows—
factors in temperature and rainfall
evergreen forests once common, now mainly gone
Syrian Desert—scarce plant and animal life
valuable minerals and energy—coal, copper, iron
ore, potash, magnesium
11
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON