Transcript PowerPoint - Activity Series & Double Displacement Reactions

The Activity Series
We have looked at several reactions:
Fe + CuSO4  Cu + Fe2(SO4)3
Li + H2O  LiOH + H2
No, Ni is
Yes,
Li is
The activity series ranks the relative
below
Na
above Zn
reactivity of metals.
It allows us to predict if certain chemicals will
Al is
undergo single displacement Yes,
reactions.
Cuand
Metals near the top are mostabove
reactive
will displace metals near the bottom.
Q: Which of these will react? Yes, Fe is
Fe
+ CuSO4  Cu + Fe2above
(SO4)3Cu
Ni
+ NaCl
 NR (no reaction)
Li
+ ZnCO3  Zn + Li CO
2
3
Al
+ CuCl2

Cu + AlCl3
K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
Ni
Sn
Pb
H
Cu
Hg
Ag
Au
H2 can be given off when a metal cold
H 2O
reacts with H2O or an acid.
The reaction with H2O depends on
metal reactivity & water temp. hot H2O
Q: Will Mg react with H2O?
steam
A: No for cold, yes if it is hot/steam
H2 + Mg(OH)2
Mg +
H2O 
acid
Q: Zn + HCl  H2 + ZnCl2
Complete these reactions:
Al
Cu
Ca
Na
+
+
+
+
H2O(steam) 
H2 + Al(OH)3
H2O 
NR
H2SO4 
H2 + CaSO4
H2O 
H2 + NaOH
K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
Ni
Sn
Pb
H
Cu
Hg
Ag
Au
Other Activity Series Information
• All metals have a specific place in the activity
series. Only the most common metals are
shown.
• The metals near the top of the activity series
are more reactive because their valence
electrons are more easily removed.
• On tests and exams the activity series may
appear as K, Na, … Ag, Au; you must
remember that K is reactive, Au is not.
• If the valence of a metal is not indicated, use
its most common valence to determine the
correct chemical formula.
Oxides
The formation
Oxides form via the
and behavior of
addition of oxygen:
oxides can also
K + O2  K2O
be predicted via
the activity series. Oxides plus H2 (with
heat) will change to
Complete these
metal and H2O:
reactions:
heat
Ca + O2  CaO NiO + H2  Ni + H2O
Au + O2  NR
heat
Fe2O3+ H2 
Oxides decompose
with heat:
heat
Fe + H2O HgO  Hg + O2
K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Al
Zn
Fe
Ni
Sn
Pb
H
Cu
Hg
Ag
Au
Sample Problem 8-6
• Use the activity series on page 266 (Table 83)
• Zn(s) + H2O(l) 
Zn(s) + H2O(l)  NR
• Sn(s) + O2(g) 
Sn(s) + O2(g)  SnO
– Balance!
• Cd(s) + Pb(NO3)2 
Cd(s) + Pb(NO3)2  Cd(NO3)2 + Pb(s)
• Cu(s) + HCl(aq) 
Cu(s) + HCl(aq)  NR