Transcript Finnish Research Landscape, Science Policy & Horizon 2020,

Finnish Research Landscape,
Science Policy & Horizon 2020
Eeva Kaunismaa,
Department for Higher Education and Science
Knowledge triangle
Innovation
Science and
Research
Education
Investment in R&D and talent
3
GDP, change in volume, per cent
Figure 1. Finland’s innovation system in
international comparison: input indicators
1. Government R&D budget
400
12. Foreign-owned companies' share of
2. Annual increase in government R&D
business sector turnover
budget
300
11. Venture capital investment
3. Funding for basic research
200
100
10. R&D in the service sector
4. Government funding of business R&D
and tax incentives for R&D
0
9. Foreign-born researchers in R&D
personnel
5. Higher education expenditure on
R&D financed by enterprises
6. Business enterprise R&D financed by
abroad
8. Foreign students in higher education
7. R&D personnel
Average of OECD/EU data
Finland
Average of the top five countries by indicator
Source: Research
and Innovation
Council, RIC
Figure 2. Finland’s innovation system in
international comparison: output indicators
1. Scientific articles
400
11. Reduced use of materials and energy
2. Citations received by articles
300
10. Employment in knowledge-intensive
sectors
200
3. Funding received from EU 7th R&D
Framework Programme
100
0
9. Share of turnover from product
innovations
8. Non-technological innovation in the
manufacturing sector
5. Triadic patents
7. Knowledge-intensive services exports
Average of OECD/EU data
4. Accepted projects in EU 7th R&D
Framework Programme
Finland
6. International cooperation in patenting
Average of the top five countries by indicator
Source: Research
and Innovation
Council, RIC
OECD Policy Recommendations for Finland
(February 2013)
• Maintain a strong government support in basic R&D and
education
• Improve academic performance by distributing research
grants according to performance
• Create incentives for competition, specialisation and
scale economies in university research
• Focus government support for R&D, entrepreneurship
and start-ups on addressing externalities in terms of
education, R&D spill-overs and creating highly
productive jobs
7
Higher Education Institutions and
Research Institutes
University
(blue)
Polytechnic
(green)
Research
institute
(red)
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Suomalaisten välinen yhteistyö
Lähde: Euroopan
komissio (tilanne
19.6.2012), NAG Partners
-analyysi
Government Programme and joint objectives of
the higher education system
An open, fair and confident
Finland
Reduction of poverty, inequality
and social exclusion
Consolidation of public
finances
Enhancing sustainable economic
growth, employment and
competitiveness
In 2020, the Finnish higher education
system provides higher quality and is
more international and more efficient
than today.
Strong units of higher education as
the foundation of expertise
Faster transition to working
life from high-quality
education
Internationalisation
safeguards quality
Task, profile and focus
areas of the university
Competitiveness, well-being and
effectiveness through research and
innovation activities
Development of the higher
education community
Central development
targets
Funding
Higher education
•
Higher education network is still too fragmented, structural development to be
continued
–
–
•
Polytechnics to be reformed
–
–
–
•
–
•
the reform of higher education admissions and study structures by the end of 2015 in order to
expedite entry into higher education
first-time applicants' chances of being admitted to be improved
Promotion of researcher training and research careers
–
–
•
the steering of polytechnics based on financing and statutes will be reformed from the beginning of
2014 to expedite their structural reform and to improve the quality and impact of their operations.
operating licences of polytechnics will be revised from the beginning of 2014
greater regional impact and more close links between polytechnics and regional development and
working life
Quality education expedites entry into the labour market
–
•
starting in 2013, an art university will be created though a merger of the Sibelius Academy, the
Academy of Fine Arts and the Theatre Academy
to enhance the quality and efficiency of higher education, measures will be taken to promote joint
use of facility services and teacher resources across institutional boundaries
the annual target for the number of doctorates is 1,600.
universities will shift the focus from researcher training to the development of researcher careers
(tenure tracks)
Measures will be taken to improve conditions for basic research in universities and
for innovation and product development in polytechnics in particular
Great emphasis on internationalisation of HEIs
Funding of the Finnish HE sector
Public funding for HEIs:
• Universities € 1,8 bn (state), Polytechnics € 0,9 bn (state and
municipalities)
-
Funding allocated to the universities and to the polytechnics in a lump sum
• Public research funding allocated to universities also by Academy of
Finland & Tekes € 0,3 bn
• Private funding to HE institutions mainly to R&D
Research Funding in Finland, 2012,
millions of €
•
Universities
•
Universities, research
583
•
Gov. research institutes
306
•
Academy of Finland
324
•
Tekes
552
•
Foundations
250
•
EU (FP7*)
1800
110
University Personnel
Proportion of Women in Different Career Ladders, %
70
60
50
40
30
Naisten osuus / I porras
Naisten osuus / II porras
20
10
0
Naisten osuus / III porras
Naisten osuus / IV porras
1995-2012
Doctoral Training
2013-
Entrance to doctoral studies varies
doctoral students
doctoral students
Responsibility of student entrance is clear
Graduate school board
Entrance procedure, supervision, guidance,
evaluation, follow-up, feedback
Transferable skills
National
doctoral
Doctoral
network
programme
programme
Doctoral Director National
involving
doctoral
programme
research
interuniversity
Director
institutes
network
Director
programme
International
Director
doctoral
Doctoral studies
programme
Director
Discipline specific education
Discipline specific education
Discipline specific education
National
Doctoral
doctoral
programmes
interuniversity
Director
network
programme
Director
National
doctoral
network
programme
involving
research
institutes
Director
International
doctoral
programme
Director
Internationalisation Strategy for HEIs
2009-2015
Academy of Finland funding for foreign
researchers/ career grants
(10% in 2008, 15 % in 2011)
.
Source: Academy of Finland 2012.
Decision-making in the European Union
European Commission’s power of execution/implementation
Council
Coreper
European
Parliament
Council’s Working Party
European Commission’s
(legislative) proposal
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Council of the European Union
Member States
- national interest
European
Commission
- initiative
Interest of
the European Union
(common interest)
Council
Presidency
- compromise
Member States
- national interest
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Current Negotiations on Horizon 2020
• Positive progress in trilogies
• Council Presidency (IE) goal: General Agreement in June
• Still under discussion
– Some structural questions (spreading excellence, widening participation, science
for and with society)
– Some objectives and actions regarding e.g. SMEs, energy, cultural heritage
– Questions regarding implementation (e.g. full cost model, time-to-contract)
• The implementation at national level when the negotiations are
finalised
– The role of the Academy of Finland and Tekes
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Photo: Sara Djupsund