Transcript CA THEORY (Transfer Claim L1-L2) applied to MORPHOLOGICAL

CA THEORY (Transfer Claim L1-L2)
applied to MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS)
Phonology to morphology
Contrastive analysis in morphological
constructions in English and Spanish
COURSE: INGL 4235
PROF. ANÍBAL MUÑOZ CLAUDIO
TUESDAYS & THURSDAYS
3:00-4:20 P.M. ROOM: LCS 101
www1.uprh.edu/animun
(YOU CAN ALWAYS FIND PPP’S HERE!)
CA THEORY (Transfer Claim L1-L2)
applied to MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS)
• NOUN PHRASES
• ADJECTIVE AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
(COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES)
• VERB PHRASES
a. infinitive and gerund forms
b. transitive verbs (regular and irregular)
c. CA considerations in paradigms when conjugating
d. modals
Example of a sentence
• The beautiful girl was wearing
NP
det.
Adj.
VP
N
aux.
a hat.
NP
V.
det. N
Noun Phrases
• A noun phrase is made up of any of the
following combinations:
• N=noun (or personal pronoun)
• Det + N =determiner + noun
(a, an, the, this, that, these, those, possessives,numbers and quantifiers,
indefinite
• Det. + adj. +N. determiner/adjective/noun
NOUN PHRASES
ENGLISH
hat
SPANISH
Morphemes
sombrero
of
Number &
gender
hats
sombreros
Morphemes of number
and gender fit the paradigms
in Spanish determiners
determiners
the hat
the hats
el sombrero
los sombreros
Noun phrases paradigms
The
These
Those
My
Your
Some
few
Several
Many
Our
Both
English
los
estos
Spanish
aquellos / esos
hats
mis
tus
algunos
pocos
varios
muchos
nuestros
ambos
sombreros
What about her hat and his hat?
•
•
•
•
•
•
her hat
his hat
their hat
her hats
his hats
their hats
el sombrero de ella
el sombrero de él
el sombrero de ellos (as)
los sombreros de ella
los sombreros de él
los sombreros de ellas (os)
Practice exercises
girl
Practice exercises
girls
Practice exercises
beautiful
girl
Practice with the following sentence in
English and Spanish!
Jimmy’s friend studied for his English exam.
• Divide the sentence by its constituents (NPs, VP’s).
• Indicate all the morphemes found (inflectional
and/or derivational paradigms).
• Construct the morphological paradigms for each
constituent.
• Find the differences between the two languages
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE
AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS
English sentences:
Liza is a tall girl.
Martha is taller than Liza.
Sandra is the tallest girl.
Sandra is intelligent.
Liza is more intelligent than Sandra.
Martha is the most intelligent girl.
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
FORMS
Spanish sentences
Liza es una niña alta.
Martha es más alta que Liza.
Sandra es la más alta (la niña más alta).
Sandra es inteligente.
Liza es más inteligente que Sandra.
Martha es la más inteligente de las tres.
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE
FORMS
ENGLISH
SPANISH
(one syllable / true adjectives*)
tall - taller
cold -colder
Morphemes
er /más
alto –más alto
frio –más frio
big -bigger
grande –más grande
old -older
viejo –más viejo
young -younger
joven –más joven
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE
FORMS
ENGLISH
Morphemes
(two or more than one syllable)
intelligent –more intelligent
important –more important
more
más
–
SPANISH
más inteligente
-más importante
beautiful –more beautiful
–más hermoso (a)
powerful –more powerful
–más poderoso (a)
expensive –more expensive
-más caro (a)
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE
FORMS
ENGLISH
(two syllables ending in Y)
ugly –uglier
pretty -prettier
heavy -heavier
friendly -friendlier
hungry -hungrier
SPANISH
Morphemes
er
más
–
más feo (a)
-más hermoso (a)
–más pesado (a)
–más amigable
-más hambriento (a)
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN SUPERLATIVE
FORMS
ENGLISH
(one syllable adjectives)
tall –the tallest
strong –the strongest
slow – the slowest
SPANISH
Morphemes
est
lo/el/la –
más
lo más alto
-la más fuerte
–el más lento
fast –the fastest
–la más rápida
dark –the darkest
-lo más oscuro
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL
PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN SUPERLATIVE
FORMS
ENGLISH
SPANISH
(two or more syllables adjectives) Morphemes
the most dangerous
the most interesting
the most
–
lo/el/la
más
lo más peligroso
-el más interesante
the most ridiculous
–el más ridículo
the most talkative
–la más habladora
the most conservative
-lo más conservador
Practice exercises
1. Provide the comparative and superlative form
for the following words in both English and
Spanish:
ENGLISH
dry
crazy
smart
arrogant
good
bad
boring
tough
soft
COMP.
SUPER.
SPANISH
COMP.
SUPER.
Practice exercises cont.
Using the information provided, construct sentences to
indicate the morphological paradigms of comparative and
superlative forms in both English and Spanish. Explain
the morphological and syntactical differences.
BMW =40,000
Det.
The
The
The
N
BMW
Porsche
Viper
/
Example:
Porsche = 50,000
/
VP
det.
qual.
Adj.
is
is
is
a
very
more
most
expensive
expensive
expensive
the
Viper =70,000
conj.
than
NP
car.
the BMW.
car.
Information
1. Math / Chemistry / Physics (difficult courses)
2. Thailand / Egypt / China
(exotic countries)
3. Halloween / Scream / Nightmare on Elm Street
(scary movies)