Changement et Continuité

Plus ça change, plus ça reste le même

TC2: Continuité et changement

Comment est ce que ça marche?

 Pense à une

chronologie

 des évènements liés L ’implication du Canada dans les missions de garde de paix   Les championnats de la Coupe Stanley Les rôles des femmes  Examine la chronologie. Y a-t-il des motifs?  N ’oublie pas: La continuité et le changment peuvent se passer au même temps 

Pratiquons avec une chronologie

ACTIVITÉ-

Les relations canadiennes françaises et anglaises  En groupes, mettez les évènements décrits en ordre chronologique.  Une fois fini, cherchez une feuille de Mme GB. Examinez chaque évènement. Voyez-vous des idées communes ou des détails qui suggèrent la “ CONTINUITÉ ” ?

 Ensuite, voyez-vous des “ CHANGEMENTS ” ?  Pouvez vous les diviser en périodes ou époques? Quels sont les points tournants où l’histoire change?

Periodisation

Pense à comment on organise les époques

les années 1920 vs les années 1930

Le changement est un processus

il se passe à de différentes vitesses. On peut y identifie des

points tournants.

Progrès & Déclin

Ce qui peut être le progrès pour un groupe pourrait être le déclin pour un autre groupe

Progrès & Déclin

La fin de la PGm - Paris 1919- Traité de Versailles Woodrow Wilson (É-U), David Lloyd George (GB) & George Clemenceau (FRN) se réunit pour finir la PGm et pour rassurer la paix. Le progrès, n’est-ce pas?

Progrès pour certains, déclin pour d’autres

Le monde était-il une meilleure place après la conférence?

Allemagne – “Il y avait de la colère à travers l ’Allemagne quand on a dévoilé les termes. Le Traité s ’est connu comme un Diktat - car il a été forcé sur le peuple allemand et il n ’avait aucun choix que de le signer.

” Japon “dans tout ce progrès envers la paix, pourrions-nous inclure une clause sur l ’égalité raciale dans la Charte de la Société des Nations?

”

Progrès pour certains, déclin pour d’autres

Le monde était-il une meilleure place après la conférence?

   Les États-Unis a refusé de s’adhérer à la Société des Nations Punition sévère de l’Allemagne par le Traité de Versailles l ’a rendue impotent économiquement, ménant à une grande crise L ’Allemagne se sentait humiliée et blamée à tort  La GB est devenu plus faible et elle restait dans l ’ombre des É-U  MAIS – Le Canada était reconnu sur la scène mondiale

Go back to your French-English relations sheet – Part B

 Can you find examples of moments that signaled progress for some and decline for others?

Comment peut-on examiner la continuité et le changement dans ton propre contexte?

1.

Comment les loisirs des ados dans les années 1970 étaient-ils similaires à ceux des ados d ’aujourd’hui? 2.

Quelle est l ’impacte de l’emploi commun des cellulaires sur la manière dont les jeunes gens communiquent?

Ton tour: Crée 4 bonnes questions qui démontre ta pensée historique – 2 sur la thème de continuité (comme #1) et 2 basé sur l’idée de changement (comme #2) Lets look more at Continuity & Change in Quebec - the

Today

’

s critical questions…

  What are the roots of Quebec ’s concerns?

Are there patterns in the history of Quebec –  Canada relations ?

What should we do?

Have you heard of; • Bloc Québecois?

• Parti Québecois?

• Quebec referenda (that ’s plural – meaning more than one) ?

• Bill 101?

• René Lévesque?

• FLQ crisis?

• Pauline Marois?

• Daniel Paillé

Separatist victories

 FEDERAL Elections –  1993 – Bloc Québecois is official opposition  2011 – Bloc Québecois only wins 4 seats  But - Quebec Provincial Elections 2012  Parti Québecois wins and Pauline Marois is in charge.  So wait how does that make sense … do they want to separate or what?

2 provincial referenda

 1980 - Quebeckers vote  Separate ? – Oui?

40% Non?

60%  1995 – Quebeckers vote  Separate ? – Oui?

49.4% Non?

50.6% YIKES!! That was close!!

What about contemporary Quebec?

CBC News in Review- October 2012, ‘Quebec Votes’

Create a Venn in your notes – title “Quebec’s different parties”. As you watch the video identify the things that make each party distinct as well as anything they have in common.

CAQ Liberals Parti Québecois

Let’s travel back in time… Where does the tension come from ?

A battle for New France

 Between BR and French settlers   Seven Years War (1756-63) Plains of Abraham, Wolfe vs. Montcalm  Treaty of Paris 1763 - Control of New France taken by Great Britain General Wolfe

French Assimilation & Confederation  1791 New France divided into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario)  1840 Great Britain recommends French assimilation so merges Upper and Lower Canada into a ‘ Province of Canada ’ (a British colony)  1867 Canada starts to govern itself (Confederation)  Issues of regionalism emerge in new country

 Other conflicts…  Manitoba Schools  Laurier ’s compromises: ○ Boer War ○ Naval Crisis  WWI Conscription  WWII Conscription again!

French Canadians are really feeling like an ignored minority

Leaping ahead…

The Quiet Revolution

  1959, Maurice Duplessis dies The “Great Darkness” ends Modernizing reforms under Premier Jean Lesage      Government run health care & education More control over industries Develop science and technology “Secularization” “Maitres Chez Nous” or “Masters in our own house ”.

New QC Premier Jean Lesage- 1960



Pierre Trudeau leaves Lesage ’s team and the Quiet Revolution for federal politics

He is a FEDERALIST and does not believe in Quebec separation

Trudeau’s

Just Society

We are all deserving of equality under Canadian law but we should not receive

special

treatment  The Official languages Act (1969)  Multicultarism Act (1971)

It all erupts in 1970

   The terrorist FLQ kidnaps Pierre Laporte and James Cross Their demands – a free and separate Quebec (among other things) Pierre Trudeau – “the Government does not negotiate with terrorists ”.

 Laporte is assassinated but FLQ is captured.

About the FLQ crisis Trudeau: Yes, well there are a lot of bleeding hearts around who just don't like to see people with helmets and guns. All I can say is, go on and bleed, but it is more important to keep law and order in the society than to be worried about weak-kneed people who don't like the looks of … Reporter: At any cost? How far would you go with that? How far would you extend that? Trudeau: Well, just watch me.

Are you René for this?

    Committed Francophone “common man” Creator and leader of the PQ, an official separatist party in Quebec Becomes QC Premier (1976) René Lévesque

Bill 101

Bill 101 (1977):  No English on outdoor signs.

 Restricted access to English schools.

Quebec: A “Distinct” Society?

Parti Quebecois: Canadian federalism could not address and protect the unique French language and culture.

To consider:

What defines Québecoise culture? "My Quebec is ..." - All Quebecers don ’t even agree!

Are a “Distinct” society and a “Just “ society compatible?

The Parti Quebecois

• 1980 referendum on Quebec Independence

Trudeau vs Levesque

The Result?

The Referendum was held on May 20 th , 1980: The Result?

60% for the Non 40% for the Oui

“Enough already!” – the Constitutional debate, 1981-2

•Canada gets its own constitution and Charter of Rights.

•All provinces had to sign but didn’t like the suggested special status for Quebec •It was removed so … Quebec refused to sign •Trudeau went ahead anyway Two perspectives on what happened… “Night of the Long Knives ”

vs.

“The Kitchen Compromise ”

The Constitution Act (1982)

Out with Trudeau in with Mulroney

“I’ll get that signature”

 New Que. Premier Robert Bourassa: “We will only sign the constitution if it is amended with a ‘distinct society ’ clause so that Quebec will have the powers to ‘protect and promote its distinct language and culture ’ Brian Mulroney and Robert Bourassa  Read ‘The Constitution Debate ’ pg. 358-59- what do you think?

Provinces meet at Meech to get it done (1987)  They agree!

 They all have 3 years for their provincal parliaments to ratify the deal (commit)…  Are Aboriginal Canadians not “distinct”?

 Read ‘The Meech Lake Accord’ on pg.360-363 The Meech Lake Accord

Meech Lake Accord

 Manitoba MLA Elijah Harper  Nfld Premier Clyde Wells  The Accord died in June 1990 Manitoba MLA Elijah Harper Nfld Premier Clyde Wells

Growth in Quebec Separatism

  Support for Quebec Separatism grew Lucien Bouchard resigns from Mulroney ’s cabinet and starts federal separatist party, the Bloc Quebecois St Jean Baptiste Parade

If at first you don’t succeed try, try, try again

Charlottetown Accord

 Read pg 364-366 up to ‘ The Quebec Referendum ’  This is getting complicated!!!

 End result- Mulroney quits!!!

Red = No, we don ’t like it Blue = Yes, adopt it

1993 Federal Election

Official Opposition ’s primary goal – break up the country.

Referendum again- 1995

 Read ‘The Quebec Referendum, 1995’ pg. 366-69

2011 Federal Election

Vs.

2012 Provincial Separatist victory

Article – Quebec Language Wars

2013 Minority PQ government suggests some changes

What have you decided?

  What are the roots of Quebec ’s concerns?

Are there patterns in the history of Quebec –  Canada relations ?

What should we do?