Transcript Texas and Texans Unit 2, Explorers and Settlers
Texas and Texans Unit 2, Explorers and Settlers
Beginnings until 1821
The Ancient Texans
Chapter 3, Section 1
Vocabulary .
1.Archaeologist
2.Artifact
3.Culture
4.Anthropologist
5.Nomad
Texans and Their Environment (Survival)
Native Americans Gulf Peoples Europeans
Texans and Their Environment (Survival)
Native Americans
Hunted Gathered Berries and Roots Farmed
Gulf Peoples
Hunted Foraged
Europeans
Hunted Farmed Learned to prepare new foods Adopted Native American words
Sequencing • Place these events into a chronological order 1.Europeans arrive in Texas 2.People obtain food by hunting 3.People migrate from Asia to present day Alaska 4.People grow food
Correct Sequence • Place these events into a chronological order 1.People migrate from Asia to present day Alaska 2.People obtain food by hunting 3.People grow food 4.Europeans arrive in Texas
Reflection Questions 3.1
1. What are some items archaeologists study to learn how people once lived?
2. Define culture.
3. How did early people first reach the American continent from Asia?
4. How do scientists learn how ancient people viewed themselves (think self-expression)?
5. How did farming change the way native people in Texas lived?
Southeastern and Gulf Cultures
Chapter 3, Section 2
Vocabulary
1. Confederacy 2. Matrilineal 3. Shaman
Caddos Southeastern and Gulf Cultures
Food Settlements
Coahuiltecans Karankawas Wichitas
Caddos Southeastern and Gulf cultures
Food Settlements
Coahuiltecans Karankawas Wichitas Crops, berries, fish, game Villages of mud and straw houses Fish, game, cactus plants, mesquite, agave, worms, and lizards campsites camps Nits, berries, game, fish, porpoises, turtles, clams, and oysters Crops and game Caddo like settlements
Where are they now?
Native American Group In Texas Out of Texas
Caddos Wichitas Alabamas Karankawas
Where are they now?
Native American Group In Texas Out of Texas
Caddos Wichitas
X X
Alabamas
X
Karankawas
X
Reflection Questions 3.2
1. Briefly describe the Caddo system of government. (overall) 2. What tasks did Caddo Government leaders take charge of? (specific function) 3. What was the role of the shaman in Native American culture?
4. Why did the Wichitas and Caddos exist peacefully with the French?
5. How were the Caddos involved in trade with other groups of the time?
Discussion Question 3.2
• What do you think is the main reason only the Alabamas Tribe remain in Texas today?
Pueblo and Plains Cultures
Chapter 3, Section 3
Vocabulary
1. Middlemen 2. Adobe 3. Tepee
Pueblo and Plains Cultures Native American Tribes Plains Pueblo
Jumanos Pueblo and Plains Cultures Native American Tribes Plains Pueblo Jumanos Tonkawas Apache Tiguas Comanche Kiowas
Important facts about Native Tribes
Group/Tribe
Jumanos Tiguas Tonkawas Apaches Comanches Kiowas
Important Fact
Important facts about Native Tribes
Group/Tribe
Jumanos Tiguas Tonkawas Apaches Comanches Kiowas Acted as middlemen
Important Fact
Culture was matrilineal Lost many of their tribe members to conflict and wars Speak in a language similar to Native Americans of Canada and Alaska Occupied vast territories of land Developed the use of tepees
Reflection Questions 3.3
1. How were the Pueblo Jumano homes unique?
2. How does language study help determine a group’s origins?
3. What are two ways the Plains people used the horse?
4. Comanche life centered on what two activities?
5. How did the Kiowas “record” their history?
6. What were some reasons Native American tribes fought other Native Americans and European settlers?
Chapter review • Complete chapter review on the paper
First steps in a new land
Chapter 4, Section 1
Answer these questions in your notebook • What is mercantilism?
• What is another name for a Spanish soldier?
• • What was the main goals of the Spanish exploration?
What was a friar and how did they help the Spanish exploration efforts?
• How did the goals of the Spanish explorers in Mexico and texas differ?
• Why was cortes so interested in conquering the Aztecs?
Explorer sequencing • Use a Flow map to create a time line for the following explorers to texas • Include the year of their exploration in the box with the explorers name • Cortes • Columbus • Cabeza de Vaca and Estevanico • Cabeza de vaca and Narvaez • Alvarez de pineda
Areas of exploration
Explorer
Columbus Cortes Alvarez de Pineda Cabeza de Vaca
Area of Exploration
The Spanish explore texas chapter 4, section 2 • In your notebook:
GOAL(S) EXPLORER
Fray Marcos Estevanico Coronado Moscoso
Native Americans They Encountered
Answer these questions after you read • What is a viceroy and why was he such a powerful figure?
• • Why did Spanish explorers search for Cibola and quivira and what did they find?
what motivated the Spanish explorers to leave home for these daring expeditions to the Americas?
Complete in your notebook
Explorers
Cabeza de Vaca Coronado Moscoso
Discoveries Problems Encountered/Setbacks
Lasalle awakens Spanish interest • In your notebook:
European Exploring Nation
England (Great Britain) France Spain
Location of Colonies in North America
MAP Exercise • Look at the map on page 113 • • Find the location of La Salle’s camp at Fort St. Louis which was established in the summer of 1865 Examine the route taken by La Salle and his men from Fort St. Louis in January, 1687 • Determine the amount of time (in months) it took the remaining men from La Salle’s expedition to reach the Mississippi river (La salle was murdered enroute)
Determine a time line • Place these events in chronological order using a modified flow map • La Salle’s ship sails too far west and south • La salle is murdered • La salle searches for other settlements • Fort st. Louis is built • La salle intends to establish a Mississippi riveR colony
Fact review • What is a sandbar?
• What is a stockade?
• When the French colonists established fort St. Louis in 1865, they expected to make it a permanent settlement. Why did fort St. Louis fail?
Missions and Settlements
Chapter 5
First Spanish missions in texas • In your notebook:
Mission Location
Near El Paso East Texas
Date (year)
First Spanish missions in texas • In your notebook:
Location
Near El Paso East Texas
Mission
Corpus Christi de la Yslenta 1682 San Fransisco de los Tejas 1690
Date (year)
Key persons in the missions of texas • In your notebook:
Role in Early Texas Missions
de Leon Angelina Massanet Hildago St. Denis Ramon
Person
Key person in the Missions of Texas • In your notebook: de Leon Angelina Massanet Hidalgo St. Denis Ramon
Person Role in Early Texas Missions
Established a relationship with Tejas Guide and interpreter Established first mission Asked French to set up missions Built a trading post Commander of the Presidio
Discussion Question 5.1
• MLA Format • At least 75 words • How did the French and Spanish differ in their relations with the Native Americans of Texas?
Building Communities
Chapter 5, Section 3
Building communities • Identify an ayuntamiento and an alcalde and relate them to terms we currently use • • What is the difference between a Tejano and a mestizos?
Why were there more males than females making up the population of the Spanish settlements?
• What was life like for Native Americans in the missions?
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Occupations in Spanish Texas
Spanish Women
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African Americans
Occupations in Spanish Texas 1. Soldiers 2. Farmers 3. Ranchers 4. Merchants 5. Tailors 6. Shoemakers 7. Barbers 8. Blacksmiths
Spanish Women
1. Midwives 2. Ranchers 3. Seamstresses 4. Storekeepers 5. Farm Managers
African Americans
1. Miners 2. Domestics 3. Farmers 4. Ranchers 5. Merchants 6. Carpenters
Make comparisons What was the purpose?
Who lived there?
What were the daily activities?
What were the main problems?
Missions
To convert the Native Americans
Presidios
Spanish Soldiers
Settlements
Ranching, farming, community events No schools, diseases
Make comparisons What was the purpose?
Who lived there?
What were the daily activities?
What were the main problems?
Missions
To convert the Native Americans Friars, Native Americans
Persidios
Protect missions and settlements Spanish Soldiers Farming, crafts, education Protecting the missions and settlements Harsh discipline, far from the other settlements; Native American resentment, they did not want to stay there Controlling the Native Americans, scouting, danger, low pay, lack of supplies
Settlements
Create towns in Spanish Texas Spaniards, African Americans, Native Americans Ranching, farming, community events No schools, diseases
End of Spanish Rule
Chapter 6
Vocabulary • Define these words: • • Alliance Filibuster
Cause and effect
Cause
Spain entered the Revolutionary War Treaty of Paris Purchase of the Louisiana Territory
Effect
Cause and effect
Cause
Spain entered the Revolutionary War Treaty of Paris Purchase of the Louisiana Territory
Effect
Kept New Orleans out of British hands Britain gained Canada and all French land east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans Anglos pushed across the Mississippi River toward Spanish held Texas
Time Line Put these events into chronological order • A. Baron de Ripperda closes three missions. • B. Fifteen forts are built from Mexico to the Gulf of California. • • C. Nacogdoches is founded. D. Bucareli is founded.
Time Line Put these events into chronological order Fifteen forts are built from Mexico to the Gulf of California.
Baron de Ripperda closes three missions.
Bucareli is founded.
Nacogdoches is founded.
Unrest Grows in Texas
Chapter 6, Section 2
• In your notebook:
People
Classify Information
Significant Action (What did they do that was important?)
Bernardo Guitierrez and Augustus Magee Michel Aury and Jean Laffite James Long
• In your notebook:
People
Classify Information Bernardo Guitierrez and Augustus Magee Michel Aury and Jean Laffite James Long
Significant Action (What did they do that was important?)
They led the Republican Army and claimed independence for Texas.
They captured Spanish vessels (ships) and occupied Galveston Island.
He declared Texas to be free, but he was imprisoned and killed.
Reflection Questions • Why were Mexicans unhappy with Spain and why did they seek to be independent from Spanish rule?
• What was the difference between the government wanted by the Americans when compared to the type of government desired by the Mexicans?
• Why could you call Jean Laffite a “pirate?”
• In your notebook:
Event
Hidalgo calls for independence Event Outcomes
Outcome
Americans and Mexicans quarrel (fight/argue) over the form of the new government James Long invades Texas
• In your notebook:
Event
Hidalgo calls for independence Event Outcomes
Outcome
Hidalgo was captured and executed.
Americans and Mexicans quarrel (fight/argue) over the form of the new government The Republican Army was defeated, and the settlers were forced to leave Texas.
James Long invades Texas He declared Texas to be independent and was elected president. He later was captured and killed in Mexico City.
Spanish Rule Ends in Texas
Chapter 6, Section 3
Vocabulary • Define and know (what it means, not just what the glossary says) these words: • • Vaquero Lariat
Reflection Questions • What are the three settlements located in the interior of Texas in 1821?
• Why will a lack of settlements make it harder for Mexico to lay claim to Texas?
• How did Antonio Martinez describe Texas (especially San Antonio) when he was governor?
• Do you think Mexico has a valid claim to Texas? Why or Why Not?