Transcript Slayt 1
OMSAN LOJİSTİK Supply in the Logistics Strategy Procurement and Supplier Relationship Management Latin America Logistics Center Logistics Management Series Statistics … “Purchased products and services account for more that 60% of the average company’s total costs. For steel companies that number goes up to 75%; it is 90% in the petrochemical industry. Even at service companies the figure is typically a hefty 35%. Bringing down procurement costs can have a dramatic effect on the bottom line –a 5% cut can translate into 30% jump in profits” — “A Smarter Way to Buy” Harvard Budines Review, June 2001 Logistics Master Plan The Logistics Master Plan Synchronises Operations Management with the Strategic Objectives of the Company thorugh permanently assessing performance, improving processes and internal practices, defining infrastrucutre requirements and designing the organisation to support the processes Supply in the Logistics Strategy Supply Master Plan Supply Management Dilemmas Supply Management Dilemmas • Which are the Supply Sources that Satisfy our Financial Objectives? • Which Sources Satisfy the Service Level that OUR Customers Demand? • What is the Supply Sources Mix that Minimises Supply and Inventory Management Costs? • What is the Strategic Supply Sources Mix? • How can I Evaluate my Supply Sources? Procurement offers the largest opportunities of savings Key Opportunites to Save Inventory Carrying Management 1% Aggressive Procurement 8% Inventory 17% Supply Operative Costs 1% Potential Procurement Expenses 73% Sources: CRPS, AT Kearney 1. Key Performance Indicators in Supply • Costs – Procurement Costs, Procurement Costs by Order • Productivity – Orders per man-hour, SKUs by Purchase officer • Quality – – – – Supplier Fill Rate Supplier Satisfaction Index % Perfect Orders Supplier Lead Time Variance • Response Time – Order Cycle – % of Undelivered Orders Gap Analysis in Supply • Supply Processes Include Manufacturing and Procurement • For each Product the Company must choose between Make of Buy • For the Manufactured Products the Supply Objective is to Efficiently Produce to fulfil Inventory Targets • For Purchased Products the Objective is to Efficiently Purchase to fulfil Inventory Targets Supply Management GAP Analysis KPI 5 Organisation 4 Suppliers Service Policy 3 2 1 Supply Management Information Systems 0 Suppliers Integration Company X World Class Orders & Payments Order Entry Order Processing Supply Chain Evaluation Customer Service 5 4 Organisation 3 Procurement 2 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 Systems Supply Management 2 2 Supply Chain A World Class Warehousing Transporte 2. Supplier Certification Programs • Purchase Order Fill Rate • Comprehensive and Trustable Information – # PO, ID Lines, Boxes, Batch, Exp. Date • Automatic Information – ASN´s, VMI, Status Reports • Standard Packaging • Coming Orders Identification • Programming & Performance of On-time Deliveries 3. Suppliers Segmented Policies Groups of Customers Groups of Suppliers A B C Item Class A B A Supplier Integration Policy B C Customer Service Policy C 4. How Much to Buy? EOQ Economic Order Quantities Y-Axis Total Cost = Ordering Cost + Inventory Carrying Costs Inventory Carrying Costs increase with the size of the order Ordering Cost Decrease with the Size of the order Order/run Quantity Consolidate Orders: Levering Purchasing Power • Centralised Negotiation – Suppliers – Prices and Payment Conditions – Delivery Terms • Decentralised Operation • Centralised Supplier Certification • Logistics Conditions to the Order – Suppliers Fill Rate – Lead Times 5. Strategic Decision of “Make or Buy” • Make? • Buy? • Manufacturing Competitive Advantage • Intellectual Property • Lack of Finished Goods Suppliers • Available Infrastructure • Strategic Alliances with Suppliers • Marketing & Sales Competitive Advantage • Free Technology Products • Poor Infrastructure Available 6. e-Procurement Opportunities Suppliers Supply-Chain Management Electronic Procurement Stock Management Integrated Forecasting Quality Systems Management Extranet B2B Company Manufacturing Distribution Finances Human Resources Intranet B2E Customers Marketing & Sales Customer Service Interactive Marketing Demand Forecasting Order Management Extranet B2C Source: Cambridge Technology Partners 7. Internal Supply Chain Evaluation 7. External Supply Chain Evaluation 8. Integration Initiatives such as VMI – Vendor Managed Inventory Supplier Translator Order Processing Customer 852 – Inventory Activity Translator Planning System Translator Inventory Supply Translator 855 – Order Recognition 9. Value Chain Organization End Customers Distribution Manufacturing Suppliers Consumers Operations Operaciones Customer Service Manger Materials Manager Distribution Manager Traffic Supervisor Plant Manager Planning Manager Value Chain Operations Director Strategy Estratégia Strategies for Customer Service Planning Manager Supply Chain Strategic Planning Director 10. Supply Chain Information Systems Logility Planning SolutionsTM Demand Chain PlanningTM •Demand Planning •Inventory Planning •Event Planning Supply Chain PlanningTM Resource Chain VoyagerTM •Replenishment Planning •Manufacturing Planning •Transportation Planning •Demand Chain VoyagerTM •Supply Chain VoyagerTM Fuente: Logility, Atla Supply Chain Integration Initiatives Make or Order Evaluation Value Added Analysis Unconventional Suppliers Payment Methods Product Requirement Optimization Centralized Negotiation and Consolidate Purchasing Coordinated Deliveries Strategic Alliances with Suppliers In-Consignment Inventory Customer Service Alternatives Order Reception Policies Purchase Order Status Vendor Manager Inventory (VMI) Critical Information Exchange Supplier Fill Rate Assessment Purchasing Process Automation Continuous Replenishment Programs Procurement Process Reengineering Suppliers Certification 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 Answers from 47 Companies in Central America 4 5 6 7 7 9 11 11 16