Transcript The difficulty with pronouncing English vowels

Better English Pronunciation
for Communication
A Practical Course for Students of English
By
Wang Guizhen
Faculty of English Language & Culture
Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
Reading Practice
I shall have to try and get some
cash from our bank at lunchtime.
Then we can let them have the
money that they want as soon as
they like. What are they asking
us to pay them?
Objectives of the Course
This course is intended to help the students
to improve their English pronunciation,
including such elements as
1) the correct pronunciation of individual
phonemes and words in English
2) the rhythmic patterns of the English language
3) patterns and functions of English intonation,
To communicate more effectively with
English pronunciation & intonation
Why English Pronunciation?
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

There is a need
- To improve intelligibility
- To enhance listening comprehension
There is a dream
-To speak like a native speaker
There is a must
-To become more effective in oral
communication
Course content
1. English phonemes:
correct discrimination and pronunciation
2. Stress of English words and sentences:
basic rules and functions
3. English rhythmic patterns:
basic features and functions
4. English intonation:
structures, functions and use
Textbook
《英语语音教程》
English Pronunciation & Intonation
For Communication
王桂珍 编著
高等教育出版社
2005
Reference books
1.
Cruttenden, A., Gimson’s Pronunciation of
English, Edward Arnold Limited & Foreign
Language Teaching and Research Press,
2001
2. Gimson, A.C., An Introduction to
Pronunciation of English, London: Arhold,
1970.
3. O’Connor, J. D. Better English Pronunciation,
Cambridge University Press, 1967
Assessment
Class work – 50%
Exam – 50%
1. Written Exam (30%): Discrimination of
phonemes and the meaning of sentences,
marking of the prominence and intonation of
sentences.
2. Oral Exam (70%): Reading of short passages
and dialogues, oral interview, etc.
English
West Germanic language
About 325 million native speakers:
Britain, 56 million
the USA, 232 million
Canada, 24 million
Australia & New Zealand 17 million
The sole official language in 20+ countries
The most important language of commerce
The most widely learned second language
General British & General American
GB
GA
ɪ
ɛ
æ
ɒ
ʌ
ʊ
ɑ:
ɒ
ɜ:
i:
ɪ
ɛ
æ
ɒ
ʌ
kit, ship, bridge, milk, myth, busy …
dress, step, neck, edge, shelf, friend…
trap, tap, back, badge, hand, cancel …
lot, stop, sock, possible, quality …
truck, cup, suck, budge, pulse, trunk …
ʊ foot, put, bush, full, good, look, wolf …
æ
bath, staff, brass, ask, dance, calf …
ɒ
cloth, cough, broth, cross, long …
ɜr
nurse, hurt, lurk, burst, jerk, term …
i
fleece, speak, leave, feel, key, people …
GB
eɪ
ɑ:
ɔ:
əʊ
u:
aɪ
ɔɪ
aʊ
ɪə
eə
ɑ:
ɔ:
ɔ:
ʊə
GA
eɪ
ɑ
face, tape, cake, raid, veil, steak, day …
palm, psalm, father, bra, spa, larger …
ɔ
thought, taught, sauce, jaw, broad …
oʊ goat, soap, joke, home, know, so …
u
goose, loop, shoot, tomb, huge, view …
aɪ
price, ripe, write, arrive, try, buy …
ɔɪ
choice, avoid, noise, join, toy, royal …
aʊ mouth, out, house, loud, crowd, cow …
ɪə(r near, beer, sincere, fear, beard …
eə(r square, care, fair, pear, scarce, vary …
ɑ(r start, far, bark, carve, farm, heart …
ɔ(r
north, for, short, scorch, born, warm …
o(r force, four, sport, porch, borne, story …
ʊə(r cure, poor, tourist, pure, plural, jury …
British Prime Minister:
Blair reports on his visit to US 2004-04-19.rm

With permission Mr Speaker I should like to make a
statement on my visit to the United States from 15 to 16 April.
In New York I met the UN Secretary General Kofi Annan,
and in Washington President Bush. With them both, the two
main points of discussion were Iraq and the Middle East
Peace Process.

On Iraq, there is no doubt the present situation is very
difficult. Since mid March the US have suffered 123 military
fatalities, of which 112 were killed in hostile action. One
Ukrainian soldier was also killed in Al Kut during recent
disturbances.

A number of contractors have been targeted since the
middle of March. In addition to a number of US civilians killed, one British, one Italian and one Canadian
security guard, two Finnish businessmen, three
Germans and one Dutch contractor have been killed.

Most security incidents continue to occur in the "Sunni
Triangle" north west of Baghdad. This includes the
town of Fallujah where the US Marines have set up a
cordon against Sunni insurgents. US forces are also
deployed around Najaf, where Muqtadr al Sadr's
supporters are still ensconced. There is currently a
pause in military activity in Fallujah and Najaf to
allow discussion with those involved.
Former US President:
The former US president Bill Clinton.rm
Thank you very much, thank you. Thank you very much to
Executive Tung, Mrs.Tung, members of your government and
citizens of Hong Kong. Hillary and I and our delegation
including several members of the United States Congress, and
members of our cabinet and other Americans are all delighted
to be here tonight.
Hong Kong is a world symbol of trade, enterprise, freedom
and global interdependence. Visitors come here for fashion
and food. The world consumes your electronics products and
your movies. And every American, who has ever wanted to
travel anywhere ,has wanted to come to Hong Kong. This is,
it is true, the first visit to Hong Kong of a President and a
fortuitous one for me that I can come and wish all of you a
happy anniversary. But it is not my first trip to Hong Kong.
My wife and I have both been here in our previous lives, or as
we say when we are back home, back when we had a life.
I want you to know that the United States considers Hong
Kong vital to the future not only of China and Asia, but of
the United States and the world as well. Our ties must grow
stronger and they will. And this present financial crisis too,
will pass, if we work together with discipline and vision to
lift the fortunes of our neighbors. Believe me there is no one
in America who is not eagerly awaiting the resumption of
real growth and stability in the Asian economy and we are
prepared to do whatever we can to support it. We also
appreciate what China and Hong Kong have done and the
price that has been paid to stablize the situation.
So let us look forward to the future, with all its vitality and
all its unpredictable events. Some will be difficult but most
will be very good if, as I said to President Jiang, we stay on
the right side of history.
Queen Elizabeth’s speech
2004-11-23
queensspeech231104.rm

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My Lords and Members of the House of Commons
My Government will continue to pursue policies
which entrench economic stability and promote
growth and prosperity.
My Government will continue to reform the public
services to ensure they provide more security and
opportunity for all.
My Government attaches the highest importance to
extending educational opportunity so that all
individuals can realise their full potential and the
country can benefit from the talents of all its people.
A Bill will be introduced to streamline the regime of
school inspections to help raise standards for every
child in every school.

PRIME MINISTER AHERN:

Mr. President, First Lady, it's a great honor to be, again, with you on
this very special day. St. Patrick's Day is one of joy and celebration for
Irish communities all over the world. It's a time when members of the
extended Irish family and friends express pride in our homeland and in
the bonds that tie us to Ireland. Nowhere is this more true than in the
United States, where Irish heritage has been fostered and cherished for
generations. Mr. President, we're very honored that we again share this
special Irish day with you here at the White House.

This symbolic ceremony of the presentation of shamrock epitomizes the
enduring ties between Ireland and the United States. Today provides a
unique opportunity to celebrate our shared heritage, as well as the
strength and diversity of our bilateral relations, which continue to
prosper and evolve in an ever-changing world.
20050317-3.v.rm
President Bush:

Mr. Prime Minister, I want to thank you for your tireless
work in the struggle against terrorism on St. Patrick's
Island. I appreciate your leadership. I appreciate your
strength of character. I appreciate your vision. It takes
courage to work the path -- to walk the path of peace. And
your leadership, Mr. Prime Minister, is appreciated not
only in your nation but in ours, as well. As you work for
peace, our government and the American people will stand
with you.

Today, America and Ireland are united in many ways. The
economies of our two countries are closely tied. We're
working together to bring freedom and justice to
Afghanistan and the Balkans and other countries that have
now known it. We share a common commitment to the
values preached by St. Patrick: liberty under God and the
dignity of all human persons.
Summary
Elements of good English pronunciation
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to pronounce correctly the individual speech
sounds of English
to pronounce correctly the speech sounds in
their combinations in isolated words as well as
in sentences
to speak fluently with correct rhythm, including
the correct placement of stresses and pauses and
the transition of sounds according to the context
to speak with appropriate intonation according
to the context
Phonetic element
Examples
Phonemes
Combination of sounds
Sound linking
Word stress
Rhythmic pattern
Weak forms
Sentence stress
20 vowels & 24 consonants
camera
Was all of it eaten?
present vs present
How did you manage to finish it?
fish and chips
– Were you there last night?
– No, John was there.
I beg your pardon.
I beg your pardon?
Intonation
English vowels &
vowel classification
The English pure vowels can be classified according to
the height of the raised part of the tongue
the part of the tongue raised
the position of the lips
central
front
high
back
i:
u:
I
mid-high
з:
e
ə
mid-low
:
۸
æ
:
low
Vowel Charts: English Pure Vowels
ɒ
bot
English consonants
& consonant classification
The English consonants can be classified
according to
place of articulation
manner of articulation
voicing, i.e. voiced or voiceless
English Consonants
Place of articulation
Bilabial
Manner of articulation
Plosive
(清)
(浊)
LabioDental
Dental
p
b
Fricative (清)
(浊)
Alveolar
f
v
θ
ð
s
z
Velar
m
ʃ
ʒ
h
η
n
l
w
Glotal
k
ɡ
ʧ
ʤ
Lateral
Approximant
Palatal
t
d
Affricate (清)
(浊)
Nasal
Palatoalveolar
r
j
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I’ve got a week off.
Don’t rush into anything.
Wrap it in a scarf.
Your aunt is very ill.
It’s about a family on a farm.
It ends at a quarter to eleven.
The actors all went onto the stage at the end.
Put it in a big envelope and lock it up.
Reading Practice
I shall have to try and get some
cash from our bank at lunchtime.
Then we can let them have the
money that they want as soon as
they like. What are they asking
us to pay them?
Reading Practice
I shall have to try and get some
cash from our bank at lunchtime.
Then we can let them have the
money that they want as soon as
they like. What are they asking
us to pay them? (15/41)
《英语语音》网络课程练习建议卡
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