Transcript Come scrivere un lavoro scientifico

Come scrivere un lavoro
scientifico
Mario Cazzola
Clinica Ematologica, Università
degli Studi di Pavia e Fondazione
IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo
International Committee of
Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)
http://www.icmje.org/
Pensare a come scrivere un lavoro
scientifico quando lo si
concepisce e si fanno gli
esperimenti o si esegue lo studio
Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Design and Methods:
Results:
Interpretation and conclusions:
The Mulford Library at the Medical College of
Ohio maintains a useful compendium of instructions
to authors (http://mulford.mco.edu/instr/)
The ASSERT statement is the articulation of A
Standard for the Scientific and Ethical Review of
Trials. It proposes a structured approach whereby
research ethics committees review proposals for,
and monitor the conduct of, randomized controlled
clinical trials (http://www.assert-statement.org/)
The CONSORT statement is an important research
tool that takes an evidence-based approach to
improve the quality of reports of randomized trials
(http://www.consort-statement.org/)
COPE was founded in 1997 to address breaches of
research and publication ethics. A voluntary body
providing a discussion forum and advice for scientific
editors, it aims to find practical ways of dealing with
the issues, and to develop good practice.We thought
it essential to attempt to define best practice in the
ethics of scientific publishing. These guidelines
should be useful for authors, editors, editorial board
members, readers, owners of journals, and
publishers
(http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/guidelines)
II. Ethical Considerations in the Conduct and Reporting of
Research - II.A Authorship and Contributorship
II.A.1. Byline Authors An “author” is generally considered to
be someone who has made substantive intellectual
contributions to a published study, and biomedical authorship
continues to have important academic, social, and financial
implications. (1) In the past, readers were rarely provided with
information about contributions to studies from those listed as
authors and in acknowledgments. (2) Some journals now
request and publish information about the contributions of
each person named as having participated in a submitted
study, at least for original research. Editors are strongly
encouraged to develop and implement a contributorship
policy, as well as a policy on identifying who is responsible for
the integrity of the work as a whole.
II. Ethical Considerations in the Conduct and Reporting of
Research - II.A Authorship and Contributorship
Authorship credit should be based on.
1) substantial contributions to conception and
design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and
interpretation of data;
2) drafting the article or revising it critically for
important intellectual content; and
3) final approval of the version to be published.
Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, and 3.
Blood, 1 May 2006, Vol. 107, No. 9, pp. 36763682.Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on
December 22, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-09-3826.
Relation between JAK2 (V617F) mutation status,
granulocyte activation, and constitutive mobilization of
CD34+ cells into peripheral blood in myeloproliferative
disorders
Francesco Passamonti, Elisa Rumi, Daniela Pietra, Matteo
G. Della Porta, Emanuela Boveri, Cristiana Pascutto,
Laura Vanelli, Luca Arcaini, Sara Burcheri, Luca
Malcovati, Mario Lazzarino, and Mario Cazzola
M.C. and F.P. conceived the study, acquired and analyzed the
data, and wrote the paper; E.R., L.A., S.B., and M.L. acquired
clinical data; D.P. performed JAK2 mutation analysis; M.D.P.
and L.V. did flow cytometry studies; E.B. performed histologic
investigations; and C.P. and L.M. did statistical analyses
Peer Review
Crude and understudied but
indispensable
Conflicts of Interest
1. Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to
Individual Authors' Commitments
2. Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to
Project Support
3. Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to
Commitments of Editors, Journal Staff, or
Reviewers
Protection of Human Subjects and
Animals in Research
When reporting experiments on human subjects, authors
should indicate whether the procedures followed were in
accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible
committee on human experimentation (institutional and
national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised
in 2000 (5). If doubt exists whether the research was
conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, the
authors must explain the rationale for their approach, and
demonstrate that the institutional review body explicitly
approved the doubtful aspects of the study. When reporting
experiments on animals, authors should be asked to indicate
whether the institutional and national guide for the care and
use of laboratory animals was followed.
Overlapping publications
1.Duplicate Submission
2.Redundant Publication
3.Acceptable Secondary Publication
4.Competing Manuscripts based on the Same Study
- Differences in Analysis or Interpretation
- Differences in Reported Methods or Results
5.Competing Manuscripts Based on the Same
Database