Transcript Chapter 2
Discovering Computers
Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile Devices, and the Internet
Chapter 2
The Internet
Objectives Overview
Discuss the evolution of the Internet Briefly describe various broadband Internet connections Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name Describe features of browsers and identify the components of a web address Describe ways to enter effective search text Explain benefits and risks of using social networking sites See Page 54 for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
2
Objectives Overview
Describe uses of various types of websites Identify and briefly describe the steps required for web publishing Explain how the web uses graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality Explain how email, email lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, discussion forums, VoIP, and FTP work Identify the rules of netiquette See Page 54 for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
3
The Internet
• The
Internet
is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Pages 54 - 55 Figure 2-1 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
4
Evolution of the Internet
• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster Page 54 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
5
Evolution of the Internet
1969 ARPANET becomes functional Today Millions of hosts connect to the Internet Page 54 1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
6
Connecting to the Internet
• • With wired connections, a computer or device physically attaches via a cable or wire to a communications device Computers without a communications device can use a wireless modem Page 56 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
7
Connecting to the Internet
Page 56 Figure 2-2 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
8
Connecting to the Internet
Wired • Cable Internet service • DSL (digital subscriber line) • Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) Page 57 Wireless • Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) • Mobile broadband • Fixed wireless • Satellite Internet Service Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
9
Connecting to the Internet
• • A
cybercafé
is a location that provides computers with Internet access, usually for a fee A hot spot is a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices Page 57 Figure 2-3 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
10
Connecting to the Internet
• • An
Internet service provider
(
ISP
) is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Bandwidth represents the amount of data that travels over a network – Megabyte (MB) – Gigabyte (GB) Page 58 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
11
Connecting to the Internet
Page 59 Figure 2-4 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
12
Connecting to the Internet
• • • An
IP address
is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet A
domain name
the IP address is a text-based name that corresponds to A
DNS server
translates the domain name into its associated IP address Pages 60 - 61 Figure 2-5 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
13
Connecting to the Internet
Page 60 Table 2-3 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
14
Connecting to the Internet
Page 61 Figure 2-6 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
15
The World Wide Web
• • • • The
World Wide Web
(
WWW
), or
web
, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (
webpages
) A
website
is a collection of related webpages and associated items A
web server
is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer
Web 2.0
refers to websites that provide a means for users to share personal information, allow users to modify website content, and provide applications through a browser Pages 61 - 62 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
16
The World Wide Web
• • • A
browser
is an application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device A
home page
is the first page that a website displays Desktop browsers typically support
tabbed browsing
Pages 62 - 63 Figure 2-7 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
17
The World Wide Web
• A webpage has a unique address called a
web address
or URL Pages 64 - 65 Figure 2-8 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
18
The World Wide Web
• A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access through a browser – Web app hosts usually provide storage for users’ data and information on their servers, known as cloud storage Pages 65 – 66 Figure 2-10 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
19
Types of Websites
• • A
search engine
is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic A subject directory classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories Pages 67 - 68 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
20
Types of Websites
• Search operators can help to refine your search Page 68 Table 2-4 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
21
The World Wide Web
• There are thirteen types of Web sites
Online social network
Informational Media sharing and bookmarking sites News, weather, sports, and other mass media Pages 68 – 72 Educational Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 Business, Governmental, and Organizational
22
The World Wide Web
Entertainment Pages 72 – 75
Blogs Wikis
Financial Discovering Computers: Chapter 2 Health and Science Travel and Mapping
23
The World Wide Web
Shopping and Auctions Careers and Employment
Pages 75 – 78
E-Commerce
Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
Portals
24
The World Wide Web
•
Web publishing
is the development and maintenance of websites Plan the website Design the website Create the website Host the website Maintain the website Pages 78 - 79 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
25
Media on the Web
• Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with: Page 79 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
26
Media on the Web
• • A
graphic
is a digital representation of nontext information Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF Pages 80 – 81 Figure 2-21 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
27
Media on the Web
• An infographic is a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends Pages 80 – 81 Figure 2-22 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
28
Media on the Web
•
Animation
is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence Page 81 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
29
Media on the Web
• • Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size You listen to audio on your computer using a media player Page 82 Figure 2-23 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
30
Media on the Web
• • Video consists of images displayed in motion
Virtual reality
(
VR
) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three dimensional space Page 83 Figure 2-24 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
31
Media on the Web
Page 83
A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser
Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
32
Other Internet Services
• •
is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network An
email program
allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete email messages Page 84 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
33
Other Internet Services
Page 85 Figure 2-25 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
34
Other Internet Services
• An
e mail list
is a group of email addresses used for mass distribution of a message Page 86 Figure 2-26 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
35
Other Internet Services
•
Instant messaging
(
IM
) is a real-time Internet communications service Page 86 Figure 2-27 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
36
Other Internet Services
• • A
chat
is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer or mobile device A
chat room
is a website or application that permits users to chat with others who are online at the same time Page 87 Figure 2-30 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
37
Other Internet Services
• A
discussion forum
is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject Page 87 Figure 2-29 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
38
Other Internet Services
•
VoIP
(Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet Page 88 Figure 2-31 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
39
Other Internet Services
• • •
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet Many operating systems include FTP capabilities An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP Page 88 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
40
Netiquette
•
Netiquette
behavior is the code of acceptable Internet Page 90 Figure 2-30 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
41
Summary
Evolution of the Internet The Web Various types of websites Other services available on the Internet Netiquette Page 91 Discovering Computers: Chapter 2
42
Discovering Computers
Technology in a World of Computers, Mobile Devices, and the Internet
Chapter 2
The Internet Chapter 2 Complete