Transcript Stream monitoring programs in Latvia lowland areas

Surface water monitoring in
Latvia - macrozoobenthos
Didzis Levans
Natalja Grudule
State agency "Latvian Environment, geology
and meteorology agency (LEGMA)
Surface water monitoring
programs of Latvia (LEGMA)
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National surface water monitoring
program
ICP-Waters and ICP-IM programs
Data are sent to EIONET
(EUROWATERNET)
National surface water monitoring
(LEGMA)
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Linked to the EU Water Framework
Directive (2000/60/EC)
Based on the “Law on Water
management” designates four river basin
districts (RBD) for Latvia:
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Venta River Basin District
Lielupe River Basin District
Gauja River Basin District
Daugava River Basin District
Background of the National surface
water monitoring program with
respect to macrozoobenthos
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Sampling frequency - once a year
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Spring or autumn
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Total sampling sites – 245 (rivers and
lakes)
Composition and abundance of benthic
macroinvertebrate fauna (species level)
Total number of sampling sites for
macrozoobenthos in 2007
River Basin
Districts
Total number Total number
of rivers
of lakes
Gauja
24
8
Daugava
41
87
Lielupe
28
6
Venta
34
17
Sampling methods
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The methods are used for the rhitral and potamal
reaches of rivers
Macroinvertebrate samples are collected with
hand-net (frame size 25 x 25 cm; mesh size of
0.5 mm)
In the selected stretches of rivers 10 individual
macroinvertebrate samples by means of kick
sampling are taken
Samples are fixed in etanol (70%) solution
APHA (USA standard methods)
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the individual samples are taken according to the
occurrence of all biotopes in small rivers;
If the rivers are deeper than 1 meter, the samples
are taken only in costal parts
ICP-IM and ICP-Waters programs
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Physically chemical parameters,
times per year
Heavy metals - 6 per year
Biological quality elements macroinvertebrates - 2 per year
12
ICP and IM monitoring stations
1- Rucava; 2 – Amula,
3 – Zvirbuļi, 4 – Tērvete,
5 – L. Jugla, 6 – Taurene,
7 - Tūlija
ICP-Waters monitoring sites
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Five sampling points:
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Lielā Jugla, 0,2 km upstream to Zaķi
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Tervete, upstream to Tervete (village)
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Stream of Zvirbuļi, Ķemeru Bog,
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(Daugava River basin)
(Lielupe River Basin)
River Basin)
Amula (mouth) (Venta River Basin)
Tulija 0,3 km upstream to Zosēni
Basin)
(Lielupe
(Gauja River
Observations used for assessment
Station
Observations
programme
Type of
observations
Started
(chem.)
Stream Tūlija
– st. Zosēni
ICP-Waters
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrates
1946
River L. Jugla
– st. Zaķi
ICP-Waters
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrates
1954
Stream
Zvirbuļi
ICP-Waters
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrates
1967
River Amula –
river mouth
ICP-Waters
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrates
2001
River Tērvete–
river mouth
ICP-Waters
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrates
2001
The methods for ICP monitoring
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For ICP Waters, qualitative samples
of invertebrate fauna from streams
or rivers are used
Absence or presence of indicator
species reflect the water quality
The methods are the same as used
for the Integrated monitoring
Integrated monitoring
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There are only two
sampling stations:
Taurene and Rucava
The samples are
collected twice a
year - in spring and
autumn
Composition and
abundance of
benthic
macroinvertebrate
fauna (species level)
Additional observations used for
assessment within ICP-IM
Station
Observations
programme
Type of
observations
Started
Rucava
GAW/EMEP
ICP-IM
Depositions;
Precipitation
chemistry;
Soil, water
biology
1985
Zosēni
GAW/EMEP
ICP-IM
Depositions;
Precipitation
chemistry;
Soil, water
biology
1995
The methods for Integrated
Monitoring
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Macrozoobenthos samples are taken from hard
bottoms of riffles
An adequate sampling site often covers a stream
length of 10 times the width of the stream
Samples are colleced using the kick-sampling
method using a hand-net
Kick-sampling can be performed in waters with
velocities of 0.1 - 1 m/s and down to 1 m depth
The methods for Integrated
Monitoring
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Sampling net (frame size 0.25 x 25 cm; a mesh
size of 0.5 mm)
Sample are transfered into 1 litre jars containing
96 % ethanol solution
In laboratory the specimens are identified mainly
to the species level
Density (ind/m2) and biomass (g/m2) are
estimated and also the Shannon-Wiener diversity
index calculated
References how to identify
the species to family level:
1.
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1 Edington J.M., Hildrew A.G. Caseless Caddis Larvae (Trichoptera). A
Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on
their Ecology, 1995, 134pp. SP 53.
2. Macan T.T. Gastropods. A Key to the British Fresh- and Brackish-Water
Gastropods, with Notes on their Ecology, Fourth edition, 1977 (reprinted 1994),
46pp. SP 13.
3. Savage A.A. Larval Corixidae, 1999, 56pp. SP 57.
4. Elliott J.M., Humpesch U.H., Macan T.T. Larval Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)
Larvae of the British Ephemeroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1988, 145pp.
SP 49.
5. Elliott J.M. Alderflies, Lacewings and Spongeflies. British Freshwater
Megaloptera and Neuroptera: a Key with Ecological Notes, 1996, 69pp. SP 54.
6. Cranston P.S. Orthocladiinae Larvae (Chironomidae). A Key to the Larvae of
the British Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae), 1982, 152pp. SP 45.
References how to identify
the species to family level:
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7. Mundy S.P. Bryozoans. A Key to the British and European Freshwater
Bryozoans, 1980, 31pp. SP 41.
8. Gledhill T., Sutcliffe D.W., Williams W.D. Malacostracan Crustaceans.
British Freshwater Crustacea Malacostraca: a Key with Ecological Notes,
1993, 176pp. SP 52.
9.
Hynes H.B.N. Stoneflies. A Key to the Adults and Nymphs of the
British Stoneflies (Plecoptera), with Notes on their Ecology and
Distribution, Third edition, 1977 (reprinted 1993), 92pp. SP 17.
10. Nilsson, A. (ed.): Aquatic Insects of North Europe.
Vol. 1: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Heteroptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera,
Coleoptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. 1996. 274 pages.
Vol. 2: Odonata and Diptera. 1997. 440 pages.
11. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Envinonmental Quality
Criteria, Lakes and Watercourses, Report 5050, 2000.
Quality assessment
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The following monitoring data is used to
define parametric values of indicative
parameters that characterise chemical elements
of ecological status and biological element Saprobity index acc. to Sladecek.
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National catalogue of indicator species of
feshwater saprobity established in 1995.
The Final reports of the project ''Transposition and
Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive in
Latvia'' funded by the DEPA ( DANCEE)
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Classification and presentation of status of
waters (including proposal for surface
water reference conditions and network );
http://www.vidm.gov.lv/eng/projekti/es_v
ides_projekti/?doc=3315
Reference conditions in Latvia
rivers