Transcript PowerPoint-esitys - University of Oulu

Environmental engineering research
Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Mass and Heat Transfer Process
Laboratory
• 1 professor
• 4 doctors, 1 docent and 2 senior researchers
• 22 doctoral students
– 12 active, full-time
– 10 part-time (in industry or in educational positions)
• Research profile of the group:
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Separation processes, heat and mass transfer 35 %
Catalysis and surface science 35 %
Sustainable products and processes 25 %
Others 5 %
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Ind. Ecology & Green Chem.
Mass and heat transfer proc.
Separation processes
Catalytic processes
Focus areas, applied methods
and main fields of application
Process development
and design
Sustainable products and
processes
Treatment and utilization
of industrial by-products
Food ind.
Research projects
Chemical ind
Env. protection
Catalytic proc.
Separation proc
Process development and design
Mass & heat transf.
KEMLIKA
Indueco, GreenChem
ODORA
Exh.gas cat.
POISON
CO2H2
Cost:Bioethanol
FoodTree
CO2-USE
EBPFood
PartHealth
ReGenGas
Adsorption
ChemWasmin
Sustainable products and processes
Treatment and utilization of
industrial by-products and wastes
RESOPT
SusProc
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
WetOxi
CO2UTIL
WEEE
Spearhead
- International level research
• Exhaust gas catalysis, ageing of catalysts
• Zeolites and TWC
• catalytic oxidation of VOC & malodorous compounds
• DMC, methanol synthesis, reforming
• Waste Management Theory
Cutting edge
- National scale intensity
• Air pollution control and catalysis
• Heat exchangers, surface phenomena
• Waste prevention and resource optimization
• Recovery of organic and inorganic pollutants from waste waters
• Eco-efficient processing of natural raw materials
Key technologies
- Traditional, strong knowledge and research experience
• Mass and heat transfer, flow dynamics
• Physical chemical and biochemical phenomena
• Multiphase and multi-component systems
• Catalysis, adsorption, absorption, ion-exchange
• Catalytic reactors and cat. proc. design
• Reaction- and phase balance
• Reaction kinetics, CFD
• Separation science, membranes, sc-conditions
• WEEE recovery, Industrial Ecology
• Green chemistry and engineering
Related technologies and expertise we rely on and draw from
• Physical chemistry
• Surface chemistry
• Toxicology
• Economics
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
• Material science
• Analytical chemistry
• Ecotoxicology
• Nanotechnology
• Measurement technologies
• Modelling and simulation
• Organic and inorganic chemistry
• Environmental management
Why sustainable production?
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During the last decades, there was a clear evolution in the
general attitude of governments and industry regarding
protection of the environment in a positive sense
Sustainable Production describes a preventative approach
to environmental management
It is a broad term that encompasses what some
countries/institutions call eco-efficiency, waste minimisation,
pollution prevention, or clean production, but it also includes
something extra:
Sustainable Production refers to a mentality of how goods
and services are produced with the minimum environmental
impact under present technological and economic limits
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Evolution of attitudes toward environmental
issues
Passive environmental protection
Active environmental protection
Sustainable production
Negative environmental impacts
Costly end-of-pipe solutions
Cost-effective
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Regulatory non-compliance
Inefficient
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Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
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Regulatory compliance
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More efficient use of
raw materials and energy
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Ref.: Lanteigne et al. 2004
Sustainable products and processes
is more than technology
• The most common types of changes that are demonstrated by
environmental improvements in industry are:
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changes in the type, quality or quantity of resources used;
improved monitoring, maintenance or “housekeeping”;
equipment modification or substitution;
changes to processes, products and services.
• While these technical types of changes are indispensable, it is
not enough by itself to bring sustainability in organisations.
– It is also about changing corporate culture and the attitudes of people.
» Great role of teachers and researchers!
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Resources use optimization
• The goals of resources use optimization translate to waste
prevention and minimization efforts in industry.
• The following research issues are addressed in our laboratory:
– Waste minimisation in food industry
– Agro-chemical waste minimization
– Chemical utilization of CO2
– Reduction of emissions (VOC, particles)
– Waste mapping
– Waste management theory
– Motivation for waste minimization behaviour
– The effect of Environmental Management Systems on wastes
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Waste minimization and valorization
in food industry
• Use of membrane separation technologies
– Fruit juice sterilization, removal of SS
– Energy-efficient juice concentration
• Membrane separation tested on Northern berries
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Combination of NF and RO in cranberry and blackcurrant
Collaboration with Sotkamo biotechnological laboratory
• Need to address the solid waste of juice production
– Contains valuable elements, such as pectins, colours, flavonoids, fibers,
aromatic oils, etc.
– Microwave assisted recovery or aroma compounds successfully tested
on solid by-products of juice processing
– Collaboration with the University of Szeged and Corvinus University in
Budapest, Hungary
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Use of clean technologies
in chemical industry
• Study of waste minimization
– Case studies in Finland and UK
– Mapping of chemical waste streams
– Looking for minimization and recovery opportunities
• Methodologies for the recovery and re-use of organic
solvents in waste
– Recovery of organic solvents and heavy metals by separation
processes from industrial effluents
– Adoption of Supercritical Extraction, Pervaporation, Micellar
Enhance Ultrafiltration (MEUF) processes
– Collaboration with University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Catalysis research
• Catalytic oxidation of VOC
• Catalytic oxidation of combustion gases
– reduction of nitrous gases and CO oxidation
• Automotive exhaust gas purification
• Deactivation of exhaust gas catalysts
• Zeolite catalysts in the reduction of NOx in lean automotive
exhaust gas conditions
– Behaviour of catalyst in activity, DRIFT and TPD studies
• Catalytic Materials
– Characterization and Control of the Surface Poisoning
Phenomena
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
CO2 research
• CO2-USE
– CO2 as a Raw Material for Fuels and
Petrochemical Components
• ReGenGas
– Reforming of CO2 to syngas, CO2 recycling
• CO2UTIL
– Sustainable production of methanol and dimethyl
carbonate from carbon dioxide by green
chemistry principles
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Mass and heat transfer research
• Inorganic fouling of heat transfer surfaces
• Computational fluid dynamics modelling
• Modelling of heat transfer and fluid flow in
plate heat exchanger
• Modelling of mass transfer through
membranes
• Utilization of supercritical conditions to
enhance mass transfer
• Microreactor technology in bioethanol
production
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
New research areas
• Use of ionic liquids as a reaction media in the processing of
starches and cellulose
– Environmental impacts of ILs
– End-of-life practices
• Design for Environment
– Electronics design
• Health effects of airborne particles
– Air pollution control
• Removal of organic and inorganic contaminants by
adsorption
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006
Contact information
Prof. Riitta Keiski, D.Sc.(Eng.)
Heaad of the Laboratory, Docent, Vice-rector
Senior researchers and research advisors: Dr. Eva Pongrácz, Dr. Esa Muurinen,
Dr. Satu Ojala, Dr. Tanja Kolli, Doc. Ulla Lassi
Laboratory of Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering
Department of Process and Environmental Engineering
FI-90014 University of Oulu, POB 4300
Phone: +358-8-553 2348, +358-40-726 3018
Fax: +358-8-553 2369
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
http.//cc.oulu.fi/~polamwww/
Prof. Riitta Keiski, PYO/LDT, 25.10.2006