Transcript PowerPoint to accompany Medical Language for Modern

PowerPoint to accompany
Essentials of Medical Language, 2e
Allan, Lockyer
Chapter 3:
Integumentary System
The Essentials of the Language of
Dermatology
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System
Lesson 3.1:
Structure and Function of the Skin
3-2
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Functions of the Skin
• The skin performs several important
functions:
– protection
– water resistance
– temperature regulation
– vitamin D synthesis
– sensation
– excretion and secretion
– social functions
3-3
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Keynote
• Skin is the largest and most vulnerable
organ in the body.
3-4
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Discuss the difference between the terms
biopsy and autopsy.
• Define carcinoma.
• Define the prefix cryo.
3-5
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following terms:
– dermis
– dermatology
– epidermis
– epidermal
3-6
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
•
Define each term and identify the root:
– cutaneous
cutan/e skin
– prognosis
gnosis knowledge
3-7
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Structure of the Skin
• Epidermis
3-8
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Identify the root and define the term:
– keratin
– melanin
– sebum
3-9
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following terms:
– intradermal
– subcutaneous
– intramuscular
– transdermal
3-10
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Structure of the Skin
• Transdermal applications
– administered through the skin
– examples
3-11
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Describe the difference in the meanings of
these terms:
– adipose
* fat
– lipid
* fat
3-12
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Review
• Define the terms:
– analgesic
– follicle
– hypodermis
– wheal
3-13
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System
Lesson 3.2:
Disorders of the Skin
3-14
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Dermatitis
© Dr. P. Marazzi/SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-15
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dermatitis
• Eczema
– excoriation
•
•
•
•
Contact dermatitis
Atopic or allergic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis
3-16
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the root of the following terms:
– allergen
– allergenic
– allergy
– allergic
• What is the definition of the element gen?
• Identify the two adjectives from the terms
above. What do they have in common?
3-17
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Types of skin cancers
© James Stevenson/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-18
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– viral
– fungal
– parasitic
– bacterial
3-19
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– viral infections
1. human papillomavirus
© Kenneth Greer/Visuals Unlimited
3-20
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– viral infections
2. varicella-zoster virus
3-21
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– fungal infections
1. tinea
© SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-22
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– yeast-like fungus
1. Candida and thrush
© Dr. P. Marazzi/SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.
McGraw-Hill
3-23
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– parasitic infections
1. parasite
2. infestation
3-24
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– parasitic infestations
3. lice—pediculosis
4. itch mite
3-25
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Infections of the skin
– bacterial infections
1 . Staphylococcus aureus, or “staph”
3-26
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Describe the differences between the
following terms:
– carbuncle
– impetigo
– scabies
3-27
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Diseases of the skin
– collagen diseases
1. SLE
2. rosacea
3-28
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Diseases of the skin
– collagen diseases
3. scleroderma
Courtesy Dr. Maureen Mayes
McGraw-Hill
3-29
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Disorders of the Skin
• Diseases of the skin
– psoriasis
© Mediscan/Visuals Unlimited
3-30
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Practice pronouncing the following words:
– psoriasis
so-RYE-ah-sis
– rosacea
roh-ZAY-she-ah
– scleroderma
sklair-oh-DERM-ah
3-31
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System
Lesson 3-3:
Accessory Skin Organs
3-32
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
Use correct medical terminology to:
• Distinguish the different accessory skin
organs
• Identify the structures and functions of the
accessory skin organs
• Describe certain disorders affecting the
accessory skin organs
3-33
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Hair follicles and sebaceous glands
3-34
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Hair follicles and sebaceous glands
– acne
© Kenneth Greer/Visuals Unlimited
3-35
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the terms:
– cyst
– comedo
– pustule
- seborrhea
3-36
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Hair
• Body hair has no specific function.
3-37
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Sweat glands
– major locations
– cool the body
– different types of sweat glands
3-38
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Nails
– diseases of nails
1. onychomycosis
3-39
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Accessory Skin Organs
• Nails
– diseases of nails
2. paronychia
3-40
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Use word deconstruction to determine the
meaning of the following words:
– onychomycosis
(oh-nih-koh-my-KOH-sis)
– paronychia
(par-oh-NICK-ee-ah)
3-41
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System
Lesson 3.4:
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
3-42
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Burns
– first-degree
© Sheila Terry/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-43
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Burns
– second-degree
© Dr, P. Marazzi/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-44
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Burns
– third-degree
© John Radcliffe Hospital/Photo Researchers, Inc.
3-45
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Burns
- fourth-degree
- destroys all layers of the skin
- can involve tendons, muscles and bones
- skin grafts are required as there is no dermal
tissue left for regeneration
3-46
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Rule of Nines
• Prognosis for burn patient also depends
on extent of body surface that is affected:
• Head and neck are 9% of body surface.
• Each arm is 9%.
• Each leg is 18%.
• Anterior trunk is 18%.
• Posterior trunk is 18%.
• Genitalia are 1%.
3-47
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• Identify the noun and adjective form from
the following terms:
– edema
– edematous
– inflammation
– inflammatory
3-48
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• auto/graft
• homo/graft
• allo/graft
• xeno/graft
• hetero/graft
3-49
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Wounds and tissue
repair
– lacerations
- incisions
3-50
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Wounds and tissue
repair
– scab formation
3-51
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burns and Injuries to the Skin
• Wounds and tissue repair
– suturing
– keloids
© Ken Geer/Visuals Unlimited
3-52
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Analysis and Definition
• What do the following terms have in
common?
– abdominoplasty
– blepharoplasty
– mammoplasty
– rhinoplasty
3-53
McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.