Transcript Evaluation of a mobile learning application in Malaysian

Mobile learning application in Malaysian traditional batik
Shamsul Arrieya Ariffin and Vasantha Kumaari Muthan
Faculty of Information Technology and Communication
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functionality of a mobile
learning application in learning the patterns and motifs of Malaysian
traditional batik. This application code name is M-Tik (Development of a
Mobile learning application in Traditional Malaysian patterns and motifs).
The functionality of the prototype was tested based on the selected
mobile device.
It was tested to the 20 University Pendidikan Sultan Idris
undergraduates students via the ‘Beta Testing’ method and data
analysis was carried out using the SPSS 12.0 software. At the end of
the research, the researcher was able to create an effective and
functional mobile learning application that can be used for displaying
media content in Batik patterns and motifs. It is hoped that the
development of this application will be used as a guideline to produce
more learning aids that run in parallel with the changes in time.
Keywords: Mobile Learning , Batik
INTRODUCTION

In Asia Pacific the Mobile User are increasing 1200 Millions
people by the year 2010 (Adobe Systems Incorporated,
2008).Among the fields that are gaining increased attention
and commercialization is the education field. Portable
technological development promotes the development of
Mobile Learning which can be easily achieved by the anytime
and wherever. According to Douglas McConatha and Matt
Praul (2007), Mobile Learning, or M-learning as it is often
called as a relatively new tool in the pedagogical arsenal to
assist students and teachers as they navigate the options
available in the expanding world of distance learning.
Developer intends to design the M-Learning Application that
can be used by anyone, anywhere and anytime. The field of
Batik has been chosen due to the increase its interest among
learners specially the younger generation concerning
traditional art.
PROBLEM STATEMENT


Most of Traditional Batik learning material are only
available in certain places like the art gallery, library
and selected stores. The limited resource on this
matter hinders the learning of Batik Traditional and
also caused this field to be less adored by many.
The number of Batik learning centre in our country
is also limited. These centres are mostly centralized
in the state of Terengganu and Kelantan. Limited
centre settlements have proved to be an obstacle to
learners to pursue their learning process.
OBJECTIVE

Develop and evaluate the M-Tik
mobile learning Prototype
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
PROJECT

This application is made as a sample to
generate other Mobile Learning Application.
This application’s criteria which were
developed based on design theory, learning
theory and Mobile Learning Application
feature, is part of an effort to produce an
effective learning environment.
Scope of the Project






The scope of the project during this development was focused
on the Malaysian Traditional Batik Patterns and Motifs. The
content of the M-Tik focuses on the following:
History Malaysian Traditional Batik
Types of Traditional Batik Motif
Types of Traditional Batik Pattern
Samples of Malaysian Traditional Batik
Target users of this M-Tik mobile application are the students
who are learning Batik and University Pendidikan Sultan Idris
student who are interested to learn about Traditional Batik.
MOBILE LEARNING (M-LEARNING)

According to Joe Pulichino, (2006) Mobile Learning is the
learning process that is based on a mobile device. Mobile
Learning is also part from e-Learning and distance learning.
Mobile learning is an integration of mobile and wireless
computing technology to create an effective education. This
statement is supported by Sushil K. Sharma and Fred L.
Kitchens (2005) that Mobile-learning is supported by mobile
devices, ubiquitous communications technology, and
intelligent user interfaces. Mobile educations covers three
distinct but interconnected areas in which mobile device be
implemented: learning, teaching and administration. (Militiadis
D. Lytras & Ambjorn Naeve, 2007)
Advantages of the M-Batik







Through the analysis, best product to be created is the
interactive content presentation. The few advantages of by
using this M-Tik as a learning tool are as listed below
It can be used anywhere anytime.
Most of mobile devices have lower prices than desktop PCs;
Smaller size and light in weight than desktop PCs;
Ensures bigger students' engagement to m-Learning as based
on modern technologies,
Students could use in everyday life
Using WAP technology the m-Learning can provide location
dependent education.(Tsvetozar Georgiev, Evgenia
Georgieva, Angel Smrikarov, 2004).
DESIGN METHODOLOGY

Developer had chosen the ADDIE methodology
model as the development lifecycle to be used.
According to Michael Molenda (2003), Rossett
(1987), ADDIE is a linear model that need to
complete each phase before proceeding to the next
phase. The caption ADDIE stands for Analysis,
Design, Development, Implementation and
Evaluation which describe the tasks during the
process (Michael Molenda, 2003). There are varies
phases that can be given to the model, but
developer had selected the basic and the suitable
phase for the development process.
THE M-TIK DEVELOPMENT

The systematic and complete plan or development schedule is
needed to proceed the development of an effective and
attractive Mobile learning application. This early preparation
can avoid problems in development process and can lead to
the creation of prefect, interactive and effective product while
meeting the development objective. The five phase of
development, Analysis, Design, Development, Implemenation
and Evaluation in the ADDIE are applied and implemented
followed by time suquences as the figure below.
DesignDevelopmentTestingMaintenanceAnalysis

Figure 1 : The ISD Model the ADDIE lifecycle















DEVELOPER HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
Laptop with minimum specifications of :
Duo Processor Intel CORE
Hard disk 80GB 5400rpm Wdigital HDD
Memory 512mb SDR PC133
Monitor 14” WXGA CrystalBrite LCD
PS/2 Mouse
800W Multimedia Speaker
USERS HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
Since this is a mobile application, minimum hardware requirement for users are the Flash Player
facilities for mobile or PDA. The M-Tik is developed according to this specification of feature and
characteristics.
DEVELOPER SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
Microsoft Windows XP Professional
Adobe Photoshop
Macromedia Flash Professional 8
Flash Lite



The selected design principles such as visual elements, arrangement, alignment, contrast, balancing
and consistency are applied to create the perfect and viewable interface (Micheal William, 1999).
Beside that, the multimedia elements are also applied to create an effective information delivery and
user friendly interface.
Consistency
Consistency
Response
ITEM
No.
4
3
2
1
Consistency:
1
The M-Tik Main interface is representing the application’s overall contents.
35%
(7)
40%
(8)
10%
(2)
15%
(3)
Table 2: Consistency
2
The shape, size and color of the letters are consistent.
10%
(7)
55%
(11)
35%
(2)
0%
(0)
3
The buttons design is not consistent and relevant.
0%
(0)
10%
(2)
35%
(7)
55%
(11)
Suggestions



Although the researcher able to create an interactive and creative mobile
learning application but there is some elements need to be amended or
touchup to create a more effective application. The developer also can create
and creative application by using the latest version software such as the Flash
Lite 4.0 or Adobe Flash CS which has more amount of features to edit, create
and manipulate the multimedia elements.
The choose Flash Lite based application only can be played in the Flash Lite
player mobile. So, other mobile user cannot use it to the learning purpose. It’s
suggested that other developers can use the Java programming language to
create more easy accessible application.
The content of the Malaysian Traditional Batik Patterns and Motifs can be
added so that the learners can get the unlimited knowledge. Its is better if the
application can be done in online approach that can be access in the website.
The problem of the limited space and capacity can be avoided if the creating
the database based website but can be viewed in the mobile screen.
Conclusion



The knowledge of the pedagogy and product development skills are important
for a researcher to develop a prefect teaching and learning based tools. The
pedagogy knowledge can helps researcher to identify correct ways to deliver
the Teaching and Learning content. Meanwhile the product development
skills, such as knowledge of programming language of Java script, HTML and
Action Script can help them to develop the prefect Teaching and Learning
tools.
To develop the technology based teaching and learning based tools such as
m-learning researcher must always alert with latest technology method and
skills. The research has enabled the successful production of m-learning
application for education purpose. This can be proof from the product
evaluation finding.
However the widespread of usage still remain as a doubt as user’s capable to
own mobile with the selected features that can play the application properly.
Researcher hope that, this m-learning prototype can be upgraded so that can
be used in various types of mobile devices.