Transcript Early Explorers and Mission Settlements

Chapters 4 and 5,
Texas History
First Steps in a New Land

Columbus
established a
colony in the
West Indies on
his second
voyage to the
Americas
New Spain

The Aztecs first
welcomed
Hernan Cortes
because they
thought he was
the god,
Quetzalcoatl.
Hernan Cortes

Cortes invaded
the Aztec empire,
overthrew the
capital of
Tenochtitlan and
killed their
emperor
Conquistadors in Texas

de Pineda
was the 1st
European to
explore the
Texas coast
Conquistadors in Texas

Cabeza de Vaca
shipwrecked near
present-day
Galveston. He
survived by
adopting the
ways of the
Karankawas.
Explorers in Texas

Viceroy heard
about cities of
gold and sent
Fray Marcos to
look for the
land of Cibola.
Explorers in Texas

The Spanish
explorers
discovered that
Cibola was
actually a Zuni
Village.
Conquistadors in Texas

A Native American,
called the Turk, told
Coronado about
Quivera. He searched
for the fabled city and
killed the Turk when
no treasure was
found.
Conquistadors in Texas

Spain lacked
interest in Texas
because the
conquistadors
found no treasure
like they had found
in Mexico City.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

La Salle was
the first
European to
navigate the
Mississippi to
the Gulf of
Mexico.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

La Salle landed in
Texas at
Matagorda Bay
while searching
for the
Mississippi River
on his 2nd voyage.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

La Salle named
the inland region
drained by the
Mississippi
“Louisiana” after
the French king,
Louis XIV.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

La Salle was
the leader of
the French
outpost in
Texas.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

In response to
La Salle’s
activities, the
Spanish shifted
their focus to
East Texas.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

When the Spanish
officials learned of
La Salle’s fort in
Texas, they sent
Alonzo de Leon
and his troops to
destroy it.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims

Alonso de
Leon was sent
to destroy La
Salle’s fort, but
found it
deserted.
Missions Are Built

The 1st
Spanish
settlement in
an area was
often a
mission.
Spanish Settle Texas

The first
permanent
Spanish settlement
in Texas was
Corpus Christi de
la Ysleta, near
present-day El
Paso.
Missions Are Built

Antonio Margil
de Jesus
established the
San Jose’ y San
Miguel de
Aguayo
Mission.
Missions Are Built

Damian
Massanet , a
Catholic church
official,
established the
Tejas Mission.
Missions Are Built

Drought and disease
caused the Tejas Mission
to be abandoned by the
Spanish.
Missions failed to
Christianize the Plains
people due to lack of
people and supplies.
Missions Are Built

Friar Francisco
Hidalgo
requested
permission to
reopen the Tejas
Mission.
Missions Are Built

Some Native Americans
chose to live in missions
because food was
plentiful, they learned
different trades and
were taught to speak
Spanish.
France Threatens Again

Unlike the Spanish
explorers, the
French were not
interested in
converting Native
Americans to
Christianity.
France Threatens Again

France wanted to
trade with the Native
Americans.
Louis de St. Denis
was sent to negotiate
with Spanish officials
on the Rio Grande.
Spanish Settle Texas

Spanish responded
by establishing
settlements in East
Texas. Presidios
were built to protect
the missions from
attacks by Native
Americans or French.
Spanish Soldiers Help

Soldiers settled in Texas
with their families.
Soldiers would
maintain control of
Native Americans,
protect nearby
settlements and scout
the area for intruders.
War between Spain and France

War broke out when
French soldiers
seized a mission in
East Texas. Spanish
viceroy ordered
Marques de Aguayo
to retake East Texas.
War between Spain and France

Aguayo established
Los Adaes near
French territory. Los
Adaes became the
unofficial capital of
Texas.
Aguayo also founded
La Bahia, near
present-day Goliad.
War between Spain and France

The small stream,
Arroyo Hondo, ran
between Los Adaes
and Natchitoches in
French territory. The
Arroyo Hondo became
the boundary between
the two territories.
Spanish Cities in Texas

San Antonio,
Goliad, Los Adaes
and Nacogdoches
were the most
important
settlements. By
1772, San Antonio
was the largest.
San Antonio is Founded

The mission at
San Antonio was
called San
Antonio de
Valero. The
mission chapel is
now known as
the Alamo.
Escandon founds Towns

Jose’ de Escandon
founded over 20
missions and towns
both North and South
of the Rio Grande. He
is known as the Father
of the lower Rio
Grande Valley.
Spanish Texas

People of mixed
Spanish and Native
American blood are
called mestizos.
Tejanos are people
of Mexican heritage
that call Texas their
home.
Your mission: Pass the test!
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