Early Explorers and Mission Settlements
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Transcript Early Explorers and Mission Settlements
Chapters 4 and 5,
Texas History
First Steps in a New Land
Columbus
established a
colony in the
West Indies on
his second
voyage to the
Americas
New Spain
The Aztecs first
welcomed
Hernan Cortes
because they
thought he was
the god,
Quetzalcoatl.
Hernan Cortes
Cortes invaded
the Aztec empire,
overthrew the
capital of
Tenochtitlan and
killed their
emperor
Conquistadors in Texas
de Pineda
was the 1st
European to
explore the
Texas coast
Conquistadors in Texas
Cabeza de Vaca
shipwrecked near
present-day
Galveston. He
survived by
adopting the
ways of the
Karankawas.
Explorers in Texas
Viceroy heard
about cities of
gold and sent
Fray Marcos to
look for the
land of Cibola.
Explorers in Texas
The Spanish
explorers
discovered that
Cibola was
actually a Zuni
Village.
Conquistadors in Texas
A Native American,
called the Turk, told
Coronado about
Quivera. He searched
for the fabled city and
killed the Turk when
no treasure was
found.
Conquistadors in Texas
Spain lacked
interest in Texas
because the
conquistadors
found no treasure
like they had found
in Mexico City.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
La Salle was
the first
European to
navigate the
Mississippi to
the Gulf of
Mexico.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
La Salle landed in
Texas at
Matagorda Bay
while searching
for the
Mississippi River
on his 2nd voyage.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
La Salle named
the inland region
drained by the
Mississippi
“Louisiana” after
the French king,
Louis XIV.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
La Salle was
the leader of
the French
outpost in
Texas.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
In response to
La Salle’s
activities, the
Spanish shifted
their focus to
East Texas.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
When the Spanish
officials learned of
La Salle’s fort in
Texas, they sent
Alonzo de Leon
and his troops to
destroy it.
France Challenges
Spanish Claims
Alonso de
Leon was sent
to destroy La
Salle’s fort, but
found it
deserted.
Missions Are Built
The 1st
Spanish
settlement in
an area was
often a
mission.
Spanish Settle Texas
The first
permanent
Spanish settlement
in Texas was
Corpus Christi de
la Ysleta, near
present-day El
Paso.
Missions Are Built
Antonio Margil
de Jesus
established the
San Jose’ y San
Miguel de
Aguayo
Mission.
Missions Are Built
Damian
Massanet , a
Catholic church
official,
established the
Tejas Mission.
Missions Are Built
Drought and disease
caused the Tejas Mission
to be abandoned by the
Spanish.
Missions failed to
Christianize the Plains
people due to lack of
people and supplies.
Missions Are Built
Friar Francisco
Hidalgo
requested
permission to
reopen the Tejas
Mission.
Missions Are Built
Some Native Americans
chose to live in missions
because food was
plentiful, they learned
different trades and
were taught to speak
Spanish.
France Threatens Again
Unlike the Spanish
explorers, the
French were not
interested in
converting Native
Americans to
Christianity.
France Threatens Again
France wanted to
trade with the Native
Americans.
Louis de St. Denis
was sent to negotiate
with Spanish officials
on the Rio Grande.
Spanish Settle Texas
Spanish responded
by establishing
settlements in East
Texas. Presidios
were built to protect
the missions from
attacks by Native
Americans or French.
Spanish Soldiers Help
Soldiers settled in Texas
with their families.
Soldiers would
maintain control of
Native Americans,
protect nearby
settlements and scout
the area for intruders.
War between Spain and France
War broke out when
French soldiers
seized a mission in
East Texas. Spanish
viceroy ordered
Marques de Aguayo
to retake East Texas.
War between Spain and France
Aguayo established
Los Adaes near
French territory. Los
Adaes became the
unofficial capital of
Texas.
Aguayo also founded
La Bahia, near
present-day Goliad.
War between Spain and France
The small stream,
Arroyo Hondo, ran
between Los Adaes
and Natchitoches in
French territory. The
Arroyo Hondo became
the boundary between
the two territories.
Spanish Cities in Texas
San Antonio,
Goliad, Los Adaes
and Nacogdoches
were the most
important
settlements. By
1772, San Antonio
was the largest.
San Antonio is Founded
The mission at
San Antonio was
called San
Antonio de
Valero. The
mission chapel is
now known as
the Alamo.
Escandon founds Towns
Jose’ de Escandon
founded over 20
missions and towns
both North and South
of the Rio Grande. He
is known as the Father
of the lower Rio
Grande Valley.
Spanish Texas
People of mixed
Spanish and Native
American blood are
called mestizos.
Tejanos are people
of Mexican heritage
that call Texas their
home.
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