Transcript Renaissance History and Art

Renaissance Art
Ms. Pugh
Some slides have been adapted from other teacher’s PPTs. Special thanks to
www.historyteacher. net for some of these slides.
What was the Renaissance?
• Period following
the middle ages
(1450-1550)
• “Rebirth” of
classical Greece
and Rome
• Began in Italy
• Moved to
northern Europe
• Rejection of the
Middle Age’s
emphasis on
religion
Renaissance Art
• Art in the Renaissance was reborn
due to the influence of several
factors..
 Return to the Greeks & Romans
 Scientific Revolution leads to greater
understanding of anatomy and
perspective = more realistic paintings.
 New idea of self and human
achievement as new continents were
discovered and conquered.
 Protestant Reformation allowed for
individual artists to question traditional
teaching.
Characteristics of Renaissance
Culture and Art
• Humanism – glorification of
human achievements
• Individualism – role of
individual in society without
need to associate with religious
or family group
Lorenzo
the Magnificent
1478 - 1521
Cosimo de
Medici
1517 - 1574
Florence Under the Medici
Medici Chapel
The Medici Palace
The Early Renaissance
• Began in
Florence, Italy.
• The first major
artists of this
period were
Masaccio,
Donatello, and
Botticelli.
• Rejected art of
the Middle
Ages
Glorified Art of the Classical Age
Painting During the Middle Ages
Brunelleschi’s Dome
Dome
Comparisons
Il Duomo
(Florence)
St. Peter’s
(Rome)
St. Paul’s
(London)
US capital
(Washington)
Masaccio
• 1401-1428
• First since
Giotto to paint
the human
figure as a real
human being.
• He made
figures stand
upon their feet.
• Brought
shadows into
paintings.
First use
of linear
perspective!
The Trinity
Masaccio
1427
What you are, I
once was;
what I am, you
will become.
Donatello
• 1386 - 1466
• First free standing
sculpture since the
Classical Era
(Greek & Roman)
• Normally figure
has all his weight
on one leg (S
form).
Botticelli
• 1444 - 1510
• Brings back Classical mythology as
acceptable themes in painting.
The High Renaissance
• Centered in Rome and Venice
• Focused on composition, ideal
proportions, and perspective
• The most famous were:
 Leonardo Da Vinci
 Michelangelo
 Raphael
 Titian
Leonardo Da Vinci
• 1452 - 1519
• Renaissance
Man
• Less than 20 of
his paintings
survive
• His most
famous are the
Mona Lisa and
Last Supper
Mona Lisa
• Used chiarascuro
to model figures –
use of light and
dark
• Three dimensional
features
• No obvious
starting and
stopping points
• Perfect blending
• The smile
The Last Supper
• First to try to show
in art the character
of each apostle.
• Used geometric
perspective
• Used oil/tempera
for fresco – not a
good idea
• During WWII wet
sandbags sat in
front of it leading
to massive mildew
• Is being restored
vertical
The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498
horizontal
Perspective!
Michelangelo
• 1475 – 1564
• Commissioned
by the Medici
Family of
Florence
• Considered
himself first a
sculpture
• Excelled in
painting and
architecture
Michelangelo’s David
15c
What
a
difference
a
century
makes!
16c
Michelangelo’s Pieta
Sistine Chapel
Creation of Man
• Moses – for
Pope Julius’
tomb
Michelangelo the Architect
• The Dome of
St. Peter’s is
based upon the
Dome in
Michelangelo’s
hometown of
Florence, Italy.
Raphael
• 1483- 1520
• The School of Athens
• Themes of Greek, Rome, and
Renaissance
• Used pyramidal composition and
chiaroscuro
Da Vinci
Raphael
Michelangelo
The School of Athens – Raphael,
details
Plato:
looks to the
heavens [or
the IDEAL
realm].
Aristotle:
looks to this
earth [the
here and
now].
Hypatia
Pythagoras
Zoroaster
Ptolemy
Euclid
Madonna of the Meadow
Titian
• 1490 – 1576
• Venetian
• Used strong
colors with oil
on canvas
Venus of Urbino – Titian, 1558
The Northern Renaissance
• Centered in the Netherlands
• Were not inspired by the
Classics
• Looked to nature for
inspiration
• Very detailed, realistic
paintings
• Produced numerous portraits
Jan Van Eyck
• 1390 – 1441
• The Arnolfini
Wedding
Massys’ The Moneylender & His Wife, 1514
Bosch
• 1450 – 1516
• Focused on the
punishment of
sinners
• Fantasy images
(hybrid monsters,
half-humans, halfanimals)
• Weird landscaptes
• Corrupt mankind
should suffer
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
• 1525-1569
• Peasant life
• The Peasant
Wedding
The German Renaissance
• German artists began to lead
the Northern Renaissance
Hans Holbein the Younger
• 1497 – 1543
• Numerous
portraits
Albrecht Durer
• 1471 – 1528
• Best known for
wood cuts
Dürer
The Last Supper
woodcut, 1510