Transcript Chemical Hygiene Plan - Clark Atlanta University

Chemical Hygiene Program
"Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories"
(29 CFR 1910.1450)
Commonly referred to as the
"Laboratory Standard"
Training Overview
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Introduction
Authority And Responsibilities
Management of Laboratory Chemicals
Standard Operating Procedures For Chemical Management
Biological Safety
Blood And Bloodborne Pathogens
Requirements For Animal Tissue Use
Management Of Laboratory Waste
Laboratory Safety Equipment
Exposure Assessment And Medical Surveillance
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
To anticipate, evaluate and recognize hazards
that may occur during laboratory operations
Lets do the Math
Anticipation + Evaluation + Recognition
Controls
= Minimized Accidents
So How does CAU get to the Desired
Outcome
• Implement Policies
• Assign Responsibilities
• Communicate & Educate
• Metrics and Evaluation
• Continually Improve –
Moving Beyond Compliance
Chemical Hygiene Program
Training Objectives
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Heighten Safety Awareness
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Establish Responsibilities
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Establish Standard Operating
Procedures (SOPs)
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Achieve Regulatory Compliance
Training shall occur:
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Before being assigned to a laboratory
Prior to new tasks involving hazardous
chemicals or procedures
Annually
AUTHORITY & RESPONSIBILIES
CHEMICAL HYGIENE OFFICER
The “CHO” has overall responsibility for
maintaining and establishing compliance
with this plan and providing technical
guidance.
• Updates the Plan, chemical and MSDS inventories
• Provide training to all laboratory personnel
• Ensures that laboratory employees follow SOPs
• Ensures that safety equipment and engineering controls are utilized
• Ensures that personal protective equipment is utilized
• Conducts & documents inspections including movein/moveout
• Assists in development of procedures for new or particularly hazardous
operations
• Accident investigation and corrective action
• Maintains records
ENVIRONMENTAL COORDINATOR
The “EC” assists the CHO and EHS Committee:
• Manages collection and disposal of all laboratory
hazardous waste
• Maintains the master chemical inventory and along with
the CHO ensures that all chemical lists are updated at
least annually
• Assists CHO in accident investigation investigation
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY
COMMITTEE
Peer review of all program aspects:
• Establish risk management controls, and
monitor safety and accident trends
• Establish and endorse policies & procedures
related to laboratory health and safety
• Provide recommendations to mitigate
accidents
• Annual program assessment and set goals
BIOHAZARD SUBCOMMITTEE
• Responsible for the control of laboratory
activities where biohazardous materials are used
• Serve as subject experts for biohazardous
laboratory sources
• Review all proposed uses of biohazardous
materials and hazard evaluations
Principal Investigators &
Laboratory Managers
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Ensure SOPs are followed
Responsible for obtaining MSDS
Hazard evaluation prior to introducing new chemical
Forwarding copy of MSDS to the CHO or EC for
evaluation and approval
Inform visitors, other of chemical hazards
Ensure laboratory personnel are trained including signs
and symptoms of exposure to hazardous chemicals
Ensure proper waste management (Satellite
Accumulation Areas)
Ensure personal protective equipment is utilized
• Laboratory Registration (Annual)
• Responsible Party Information (Annual)
• Safety Inspection (Annual)
• Obtaining Prior Approval (New Chemical/Procedure)
• Hazard Assessment (New Chemical/Procedure)
• Move In / Move Out
LABORATORY EMPLOYEES
Laboratory employees are paid laboratory personnel
(professors, teaching assistants, graduate students):
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Wear personal protective equipment
Understand the chemical hazards
Attend training classes
Consult PI/LM before initiating unfamiliar procedures
Use safety devices and engineering controls
Report accidents and observations regarding chemical
health and safety
MANAGEMENT OF LABORATORY CHEMICALS
Procurement of Chemicals
Protocol for introducing a new chemical:
• PI/LM must obtain a MSDS prior to shipment
• PI/LM must provide MSDS to EC and CHO
• PI/LM must ensure adequacy of engineering
controls and PPE
• Order the smallest quantity of the chemical
• PI/LM must update their chemical inventory
• The EC will update master inventory
Chemical Inventory
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The Master Inventory is maintained by the EC in Room1016
of RCST
Each laboratory shall update annually
Submit to CHO and EC
The inventory contains the following:
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An alphabetized list of IUPAC names or trade name
CAS number
Hazardous waste code
Threshold Planning Quantity (if EHS)
Quantity stored
Example
Chemical Name
CAS#
EHS
TPQ
(lbs)
RCRA
Code
Volume
No.
No.
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3
1-Fluoro-4-dinitrobenzene
350-46-9
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4
Helium
744059-7
1
1
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
110-71-4
D001
1
2
Hydrogen peroxide
7722-84-1
D003
1
7
Hydroquinone
123-31-9
1
8
Salicylaldehyde
672-13-9
1
9
Piperazine
103-76-4
1
10
Imidazole
288-32-4
1
11
Indoline
496-15-1
1
19
Manganese acetate dihydrate
19513-05-4
1
21
Manganese acetate tetrahydrate
6156-78-1
1
21
Magnesium sulfate
7587-88-9
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22
Tris(methylthio) methane
5418-86-0
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500
D001
Getting Information
How do you get information about
hazardous chemicals?
You can get information two ways:
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from the product label
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from the product Material
Safety Data Sheet
Labeling
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The manufacturer’s original label should not be
removed or defaced
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Chemicals removed from stock bottles should be
labeled as to the contents
Plate-X Gold Plating Solution
DANGER !
May be harmful or fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed
through the skin.
 Do not breathe vapor or mist.
 Do not get into eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
 Exposure may cause weakness, headache, cyanosis, loss of
consciousness, respiratory arrest, or death.
 Target organs - blood, metabolic enzymes, skin, lungs.
 Physicians - treat exposed victims for cyanide poisoning.
 Refer to Material Safety Data Sheet for additional Information.
ABC Chemical Company
123 Hazard Drive
Anywhere, GA 13333
800-999-000
Recognized Labeling Systems
HMIS Labeling System
Color coded labeling system used to communicate
the chemical’s
• Health
• Flammability
• Physical Hazards
• lso includes recommendations
for personal protective
equipment
NFPA Labeling System
NFPA Hazard Diamond
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Like HMIS, the NFPA label ranks
Flammability and Health Hazard
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Numbers in the 3 colored sections ranging
from 0 (lowest hazard) to 4 (severe
hazard)
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White section is left blank unless used to
denote special fire fighting
measures/hazards
What Do the Hazard Ratings Mean
• Non-hazardous substances (e.g. distilled
water) should also be labeled to avoid
confusion
• The PI/LM is responsible for ensuring that
all chemical containers are properly
labeled
Secondary Container Labeling
What is a secondary container?
Containers such as
buckets, plastic jugs and
spray bottles. If in the
work area for more than a
one-time use. These
containers must at least
have the name of the
chemical or compound
and hazard warnings.
Hazard warning can be a
symbol
Label all Secondary Containers that
Remain in the Workplace
Label with same
name as on MSDS
and hazard warning
Hazardous Warning Labels
Remember!!!
• Labels must accurately communicate the
hazards of the chemicals
• Existing labels should not be removed from
containers or defaced
• Damaged, missing and incorrect labels
must be replaced
• Absolutely, no unlabeled containers are
permitted
Material Safety Data Sheet Policy
• Clark Atlanta University will not to accept any
new chemicals, even on a trial basis, without
an accompanying MSDS
• Employees responsible for the procurement
of new materials will first obtain a MSDS for
review by the EC prior to purchasing
• MSDS for every chemical
• Electronic or paper copy
• Master file maintained by EC
in Room 1016 of RCST
• Other locations of MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
What is a MSDS?
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Chemical content
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Physical properties
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Hazards
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PPE
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Classifications & disposal
Lets look at the information on a MSDS
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How the chemical enters the
body
Inhalation
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The legal limit allowed in air
100 ppm
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If the chemical is a known
carcinogen
No
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Precautions for safe use
Use with adequate
ventilation, keep away
from open flame
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Names of hazardous chemicals
Formaldehyde
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Physical & chemical properties
Flammable &
highly volatile
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Health hazards
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Symptoms of overexposure
Vapors can travel to
an ignition source
Dermatitis, adverse
respiratory function
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Exposure control methods,
including personal protective
equipment
Respirator, OV
filters, rubber
gloves
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Emergency and first aid
procedures
Eyes: flush with water
for 15 minutes
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Date of MSDS
1996
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Contact information for the
MSDS preparer
John Doe
Company
Address
Telephone
Storage of Hazardous Chemicals
Hazardous Chemicals In Laboratories
May Consist Of:
• Corrosives - Nitric Acid
• Oxidizers - Silver Nitrate
• General Organic
Compounds - Aniline
• Caustics - Calcium Oxide
• Reactive Metals - Sodium
• Explosive Anhydrides
and Anhydrous
Compounds - Sodium
Peroxide
• Ketones - Acetone
• Poisons - Potassium
Cyanide
• General Inorganic
Compounds - Calcium
Carbide
• Flammable Metals Magnesium
• Flammables - Ethanol,
Butanol, Ethyl Ether
• Carcinogens Formaldehyde
• Properly labeled and dated
• Stored according to hazard class (flammables,
oxidizers, corrosives)
• Incompatible groups must not be stored in close
proximity to one another
• Should not be stored on floor or top of shelving units
• Chemicals in refrigerators should be stored on
containment pans or in boxes
• Should not be stored above eye level
• Toxins/poisons stored in locked cabinet w/ “poison
control agency” number posted
Standard Operating Procedures
• Standard Operating Procedure: Acutely Toxic Chemicals
• Standard Operating Procedure: Acutely Toxic Gases
• Standard Operating Procedure: Carcinogens & Toxic
Reproductive Agents
• Standard Operating Procedure: Compressed Gases
• Standard Operating Procedure: Corrosive Chemicals
• Standard Operating Procedure: Flammable Liquids
• Standard Operating Procedure: Oxidizing Chemicals
• Standard Operating Procedure: Pyrophoric Chemicals
SOP Content
– Decontamination Procedures
– Eyewash
– Personal Protective Equipment Safety
shielding
– Safety shower
– Signs and Labels
– Storage
– Ventilation
BIOLOGICAL SAFETY
• SOPs in accordance w/ CDC document,
“Biosafety and Microbiological and
Biomedical Laboratories”
• SOPs similar to chemical SOPs
• OSHA regulations require procedures
focused on the prevention of percutaneous
and mucous membrane exposures
AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY
BSL-1 or BSL-2:
Principal Investigator:
Agent (s):
Bldg:
Room:
Special Instructions/ Precautions for Entry (e.g.,
PPE, vaccination):
Emergency Contact Information
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR
1910.1030)
Prescribes safeguards to protect workers against
the health hazards from exposure to blood and
other potentially infectious materials such as the
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Development Of Specific Exposure Control
Procedures
PI/LM responsible for ensuring that procedures are effective
in protecting laboratory personnel. Minimizing risk includes:
• Through hazard analysis, identify and rank task where
there may be a potential for exposure to blood &
infectious materials
• Identify safe work practices, administrative and
engineering controls
• Identify and provide appropriate PPE
• Laboratory personnel must be educated on how to
protect themselves as well as symptoms of exposure
How does exposure occur?
• Cuts from contaminated sharps (broken
glass, etc.)
• Contact of mucous membranes (eye,
nose, mouth) or broken (cut or abraded)
skin
Universal Precautions
• Treat all blood and body fluids as if they are infectious
• Must be observed in all situations where there is a
potential for contact with blood or other potentially
infectious materials
Work Practice Controls
• Wash hands after removing gloves and as
soon as possible after exposure
• No food or smoking in work areas Gloves
• Gowns
• Face shields
• Eye protection
Housekeeping
• Work surfaces must be
decontaminated with appropriate disinfectant
• After completion of procedures
• When surfaces are
contaminated
• Warning labels required
on containers of
regulated waste
Should Exposure Occur….
• CAU will provide the exposed employee a
confidential medical evaluation
• Document routes of exposure and incident
• All findings and diagnosis will remain
confidential
Hepatitis B Vaccination
• Will be supplied to employee, free of
charge, if exposure incident occurs
• You may decline the vaccination, and
we’ll have a form you will need to sign
• Form is Maintained by the CHO
REQUIREMENTS FOR
ANIMAL TISSUE USE
Policies and Practices:
• Research must be approved by Biohazard Subcommittee. Hazard
evaluation must be conducted
• PI/LM must have knowledge of regulations pertaining to the
acquisition of animal tissues
• PI/LM must assure that all research personnel and students are
trained, supervised, familiar w/health risks
• Unfixed animal tissue may pose a risk through the transfer of
disease (zoonosis) such as brucellosis, leptospirosis, and listeriosis
• Disposal of tissue samples must follow the SOP for disposal of
biological agents
General Hygiene Practice for Animal Tissue Handling
• Familiarize yourself with recommended procedures
• Report problems with ventilation or PPE to the CHO
• Food and drink should not be stored in the refrigerator with
tissue samples
• Hand washing should be performed after all activities
• Do not apply cosmetics or contact lenses prior to hand
washing
• Do not touch common use items (i.e. phone, computer
keyboard) with gloved hands
• Disinfect surfaces where specimen materials have been
handled or spilled
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When work is completed, all infectious cultures will be removed
from workbenches and cabinets and stored in a designated
refrigerator or freezer. If materials are to be discarded, placed in
an appropriate disinfectant, autoclaved, or confined in labeled
containers (e.g., "CONTAMINATED, TO BE AUTOCLAVED")
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Dead animals and tissues not saved by the investigator must be
placed in a container, autoclaved or disposed of in the Center for
Laboratory Animal Resources incinerator at the Morehouse
School of Medicine
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Long-term, controlled storage of infectious materials must be
authorized by the Animal Care Committee at the Morehouse
School of Medicine
MANAGEMENT OF
LABORATORY WASTE
Waste Identification and Inventory
• Use the MSDS to determine the hazard class
• The Environmental Coordinator oversees the
collection, handling and arranging for disposal of all
hazardous wastes
Waste Handling & Storage Requirements
“Satellite Accumulation Areas”
• Hazardous waste can be accumulated at or near the
point of generation. This is referred to as the a
Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA).
SAA Requirements
• Up to 55 gallons per SAA
• Container must be in a safe area (typically in a
laboratory low cabinet
• Cabinet will e marked with a yellow hazardous waste
label
• Container must have a hazardous waste label before
filling begins. Container must be closed when not being
filled
• Once filled, the container must be sealed and the
“accumulation date” written on the hazardous waste
label
• 3 days to move full container from SAA to hazardous
waste storage room
Labeling of SAA (Haz Waste Cabinets)
Weekly Inspections
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All SAAs and the main storage area must be
inspected on a weekly basis whether there is
hazardous waste present or not
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An inspection checklist form must be completed
for each inspection
Weekly Inspection Checklist
Spill Response Kit
Work areas that contain potentially hazardous
chemicals should have a chemical spill response kit.
This kit should include the following items at a
minimum:
• Disposable vinyl gloves
• Safety glasses
• Absorbent (e.g., spill pillows,
vermiculite, etc.)
• Plastic scoop
• Plastic trash bags
Spill Response Kit
Emergency Procedures
 In the event of a spill, alert personnel in the area
that a spill has occurred. Do not attempt to
handle a large spill (or small spill of certain
substances – see SOPs)
 Vacate the laboratory immediately and contact
the CHO and Public Safety. Remain on the
scene, but at a safe distance to provide
information to safety personnel when they arrive
 Evacuation information in the CAU EAP
Key Points to Remember
• If unsure, ask your PI/LM or EC or
CHO
• Be aware of possible hazards
• Report hazards
• Report chemical spills
• Follow chemical disposal procedures
• Use common sense
• Respond safely to emergencies
Biological Waste Management
It is the responsibility of the PI/LM for each lab that uses an
autoclave to develop lab specific procedures for each waste
stream for which they are responsible.
The procedure must address the following:
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Time
Temperature
Pressure
Type of waste
Type of container
Closure on container
Pattern of loading
Water content
Maximum load quantity
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Standard Practices for Using an Autoclave
Maintenance & Record Keeping
Monthly Spore Testing Procedure
Biohazardous Sharps
"Clean" Broken Glass
LABORATORY SAFETY
EQUIPMENT
Engineering Controls
• Fume Hoods
• Biosafety Cabinets
• Substitution
Fume Hoods
Typical laboratory
fume hood
Schematic of
a chemical fume
Hood airflow
• Before working with any chemical, be aware of hazard
involved
• Chemicals which produce toxic or irritating fumes MUST
be used in a working fume hood
• Hoods are not intended for storing chemicals or disposing
of chemicals by evaporation
• Each hood must display a current sticker with date of
velocity measurement velocity match arrows and
pass/fail status
• Hood face velocity checked daily and record on log
posted by hood
Emergency Showers
• Flush contaminated
area with water
• Remove contaminated
clothing
• Rinse with water for 15
minutes
• Seek medical attention
if irritation persists
• Showers should be
flushed periodically
Eyewash Stations
• Flush eye and inner
eyelids
• Forcibly hold eyes open
• Irrigate for at least 15
minutes
• Seek medical attention
immediately
• Stations should be flushed
periodically
General Protective Measures
• Prevent Ingestion
– NO eating, drinking, smoking, or applying
cosmetics in labs
– Wash hands frequently
– Label everything
– Read labels and MSDS
Exposure Assessments
• Signs or symptoms of
overexposure
• You suspect exposure
limits have been exceeded
Medical Exams
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Offered as appropriate
Required where mandated
Occupational Medicine Program
Hazard Assessment
– Noise
– Carcinogens
– Acutely toxic chemicals
– Radioactive materials
– Biological hazards
And now……Let’s play…..
“TOXIC” Jeopardy
What is….”Improper Chemical
Storage!!”
What is: “food storage in a refrigerator
with toxic chemicals”
What is: “Improperly labeled
container”- $10,000 fine-EPA!!
What is: ‘Funnel –in-throat” container
What is: “old chemicals, some open,
bad housekeeping”
What is: “improperly labeled waste
container on a sink”…$10,000
What is: “‘Funnel –in-throat” container”
What is: “ improperly
labeled container”
What is: “ unlabeled containers”
What is: “ an unknown, waste-like
container”
What is: “inherently waste-like
container”
What is: “improperly labeled
containers-two labels / label over
original ”
What is: “Improper disposal of a
hazardous waste”…. $10,000
What is: “Potpourri” You name it!! All of
the above
EHHHHH!!! The wrong way!!
Summation
• Though presented in a humorous manner, the above
slides are very serious from a health and safety point
of view
• There are some serious and potentially hazardous
conditions demonstrated
• One chemical among some shown above, if
mishandled can result in…
Peroxide Crystals formed from
Isopropyl Ether
Another bottle from the same college’s
laboratory that has peroxidized, with a lightimpact detonation cap.
This could easily have occurred in the lab
if bumped or heated
The resulting
detonation left a
crater in the ground
approximately three
foot wide by one
foot deep !
A laboratory chemical that has been
stored/handled improperly can be
hazardous to your health!
Three 5 gal. containers of peroxidized
Tetrahydrofuran at @ 120 o F!!
Good Chemical Handling / Storage
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Check your inventories……
Get rid of what you do not need
Manage those containers with bad labels
Manage waste collection containers with correct
labeling of contents, and keep caps closed when not
adding to them
• Make sure all chemicals have proper labels and are
within expiration dates / known shelf lives
Laboratory Documentation
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RPI, Registration (Posted)
Safety Inspections
Hazard Assessments
Prior Approval
Check in/Check out
SAA Weekly Inspections
Fume Hood Logs
Autoclave Logs & QC Logs