freidhof - Sprinklerworld.org

Transcript freidhof - Sprinklerworld.org

Environmental Aspects of CPVC Fire Sprinkler Piping

AGENDA

• What is CPVC ?

• CPVC and sustainability • CPVC and recycling • CPVC and combustion • CPVC and toxicity • CPVC and bacterial growth • CPVC and water quality • Life time of CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems 2 © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

Cl 2

What is CPVC ?

Ingredients (15%) PVC

Rx

(85%)

CPVC Resin CPVC Compound

CPVC Fire Sprinkler Systems

CPVC and Sustainability CPVC COMPOSITION

Salt 63-70% Petroleum 30-37%

USES FOR PETROLEUM

Transport 53% Heating 16% Other Industries 9% Other Uses 5% Production of Electricity 8% Industry 9% Worldwide vinyl production: less than 0,3 % of all annual and gas consumption In construction, vinyl saves about 44.2 billion barrels of oil per year

Sustainability

Energy values for PVC and Ductile Iron Pressure Pipes Description Units Piping Materials

Product Information Mass/meter Primary Energy Conversion Energy Embodied Energy Embodied Energy for 10 km pipe Kg/m MJ/m MJ/m MJ/kg MJ/m Toe Barrels oil PVC 160 mm

3.52

286.82

3.80

8268 290.62

Ductile Iron

17.50

731.50

Incl. above 41.80

731.50

175 1223

Sustainability

Embodied energy used for 10 km of PVC and Ductile Iron Pressure Pipes in barrels of oil

1400,00 1200,00 1000,00 800,00 600,00 400,00 200,00 0,00 7 Study by Mike Osry: The energy crisis – designing with material and energy efficient PVC piping systems © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

Sustainability

Energy for 1000 ft (305 m) 1” Water Supply pipe by Energy Category

Million Btu per 1000 ft (305 m) 4 2 8 6 14 12 10 EMR Transport Process 8 0 CPVC Copper K Copper L Copper M

Pipe

2,500

Sustainability

Global Warming Potential for Production of 1000 Feet of 1" Water Supply Pipe

Methane Fossil CO2 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 9 0 Copper K PVC Copper L Study by Franklin Associates: Life cycle inventory of the production of plastic and metal pipes for use in three piping applications © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

Pipe

CPVC and Recycling

• CPVC piping can as easily be recycled as PVC piping or window profiles • Collection of piping material from the job site by specialized recycling firm (country specific) • Regrinding into pellets / granules • Mixing of regrind into applications such as: - floor fillings - floor coatings - cable trays - traffic control bumpers - car mats etc.

CPVC and combustion

• CPVC requires more oxygen to burn than is in the earth’s atmosphere – CPVC will not burn by itself. It chars instead of burning when exposed to an external flame • Inside Pipe Properties remain unchanged • Charring becomes a thermal barrier – restricts the flow of heat into pipe wall – reduces the rate of burning 12 © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

• CPVC has low flame and smoke characteristics European Fire Classification in accordance with EN13501-1:2002 13

Classification achieved by all Lubrizol CPVC pipe and fitting compounds: Bs1d0



This is the best possible rating a non-metal material can achieve Fire behavior B Smoke production Flaming droplets s1 d0 low flammability, no contribution to flashover low smoke development no burning drops

CPVC and Toxicity CPVC is

FREE

of

CPVC and Toxicity

• Studies have shown that vinyl content has no effect on dioxin content of gases from incinerators.

 Swedish Environmental Protection Agency: ‘Reducing the quantity of PVC in waste does not reduce the quantity of dioxin in the waste gases’  American Society of Mechanical Engineers: 1,900 tests from 169 commercial incinerators found no significant correlation between chlorine content of waste and dioxin emissions.

• The vinyl industry produces less than 0.5% of total dioxin emissions.

CPVC and Toxicity

• VCM transformed into PVC by polymerisation process  irreversible. • The post chlorination of PVC into CPVC reduces RVCM levels by a factor of 300 • Maximum RVCM levels allowed in Europe are 1 ppm in PVC and CPVC • RVCM levels in CPVC are so low as to be undetectable. Note: VCM = Vinyl Chloride Monomer (raw material used to produce PVC) RVCM = Residual Vinyl Chloride Monomer (residual that does not react to the polymerization process) 16 © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

• RVCM levels in CPVC are so low as to be undetectable  Annual monitoring testing as required by ANSI/NSF Standard 61/program policy 45 controls CPVC production certified by NSF is in compliance with above statements 17 © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved

CPVC and Bacterial Growth

“In the presence of the two CPVC materials, the growth of Legionella bacteria in the water was low " CPVC and Bacterial Growth Number of Legionella bacteria in the test water (average after 8, 12 and 16 weeks - static test, no flow) *

Study : " Biofilm Formation Potential of Pipe materials in Internal Installations ” by order of VROM. Authors: H.R. Veenendaal and D. van de Kooiy - KIWA N.V. - Division Chemistry and Biologie. June 1999.

CPVC and water quality

Visual observations Water at about 8 months stagnation Turbidity changes during extended periods of stagnation

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 Steel Copper 10 15

Time (weeks)

20 CPVC 25 30 “The clear winner in terms of water deterioration in this laboratory study is the CPVC pipe. As can be seen, very little deterioration occurred, even after extended stagnation.” “With the absence of chemical corrosion reactions, the level of solids build-up was very low compared to the copper and steel pipe sections.

” 20 *

Study conducted by Prof. F.L. Hart of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute for the US Fire Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency - 1996

CPVC Life Time

21 

service life time of BlazeMaster ® CPVC of 50 years with a safety factor of 2 at 65 °C working temperature and 12 bar working pressure

 

no corrosion no scale build-up inside the pipe



‘C’ factor remains unchanged at 150 throughout its life time

Steel

CPVC Life Time

Function of roughness of pipe, as measured by Hazen-Williams ’C' factor used in Hazen-Williams formula for calculating friction head losses in piping systems.

Higher value for C - less friction - less head loss

Material

New

C Factors

With CPVC, there is no corrosion and hence scale build up is inhibited.

Conclusion

• Favourable energy balance for CPVC • CPVC can be easily recycled • CPVC does not burn on its own • VCM is not an issue for CPVC • CPVC has low bacterial growth • BlazeMaster® CPVC potable water approved by WRAS (UK) and NSF (USA) 23 © The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved