Transcript Assessment In Early Childhood Education

Bell Ringer
• Who was your best teacher ever?
• What qualities did that teacher posses?
• Are there any of those qualities that you
would exhibit in the classroom? What?
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Educational Philosophy and Your Teaching
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QUICK WRITE
SOMETIMES CALLED FREE WRITING
• What do you believe about teaching?
• What do you believe about learning?
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Keep going…
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What do you believe about KIDS?
What motivates YOU to learn?
What outcomes do you expect from teaching?
How will you run your classroom?
What do you believe your role as an educator
is?
• What will be the ultimate goal for your
students?
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Philosophy and Theory
• What’s the difference?
• Philosophy – The way things ought to be
• Theory – Explains events
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Philosophy and Theory: An Application
•
You and a friend are involved in a discussion. “This emphasis on being so careful
about kids’ self esteem has set education back decades,” you assert. “We know what
motivates kids. I’ve seen it over and over. When they succeed on tasks they perceive
as challenging, their motivation increases. So, what we should be doing is
challenging them and helping them succeed.”
•
“That’s great,” your friend responds, “but how do you know what’s most
important for them to learn? Kids need to learn how to get information on their
own. Then, they’ll be equipped to function in today’s world.”
•
Identify a statement you made that is based on theory, and then identify a
“philosophical” statement. Also, identify a philosophical statement your friend
makes.
 “When they succeed on tasks they perceive as challenging, their motivation
increases,” is a statement based on theory. You are explaining why kids are
motivated.
 “So, what we should be doing is challenging them and helping them succeed” is
a philosophical statement.
 “Kids need to learn how to get information on their own. Then, they’ll be
equipped to function in today’s world,” is a philosophical statement your friend
made.
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Philosophies of Education
• Perennialism
• The educational philosophy suggesting that
nature—including human nature—is constant
and schools should teach content and topics
that have withstood the test of time.
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Philosophies of Education
• Essentialism
• The educational philosophy suggesting that
specific knowledge and skills exist that all
people should possess.
• Like math skills, spelling skills, communication
• Regardless of individual ability, need, etc.
Kauchak and Eggen. Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Fifth
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Philosophies of Education
• Progressivism
• An educational philosophy emphasizing realworld problem solving and individual
development.
• Learning by doing
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Philosophies of Education
• Social Reconstructionism
• An educational philosophy asserting that
schools, teachers, and students should take
the lead in addressing social problems and
improving society.
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Philosophies of Education: Their Influence on
Teaching Cont.
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What philosophy of education is best illustrated by each of the following
descriptions.
1.
Standards are part of reality in today’s schools, and you will be expected to
prepare your students to meet the standards.
2.
To Kill a Mockingbird, an American classic novel that deals with issues of
racism, discrimination, and personal relationships, among other ideas, is
commonly taught in American high schools.
1.
The fact that standards exist suggests that educational leaders believe
essential knowledge and skills exist that students should master, so the standards
movement reflects essentialist philosophy.
2.
Racism, discrimination, and personal relationships are time-honored ideas,
so teaching To Kill a Mocking Bird reflects a perennialist philosophy. It indicates
that although much of today’s curriculum reflects essentialism, the other
philosophies are alive and well.
Kauchak and Eggen. Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Fifth
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Philosophies of Education: Their Influence on
Teaching Cont.
•
•
3.
You’re a science teacher, and you want your students to understand the
concept camouflage. So, you take a box each of red, green, yellow, and blue
toothpicks, randomly distribute equal numbers of each color on a marked off
section of the school grounds and give your students 5 minutes to collect as many
toothpicks as they can find. You then bring your students back into the classroom
and you discuss reasons why they found different numbers of each color.
4.
One of your colleagues feels very strongly about bullying, and spends
considerable time in his classroom discussing examples of bullying, including
cyber-bullying and why it is wrong. He uses every incident of bullying as a
“teachable moment,” to deal with the issue.
•
3.
Your approach best reflects a progressivist philosophy. You emphasize
the personal growth of students, so you involve them, provide them with
experiences, and promote personal and social skills through discussion.
•
4.
Your colleague’s emphasis reflects a social reconstructionist
orientation. He uses the examples as opportunities to improve the social
environment of the school and classroom.
Kauchak and Eggen. Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Fifth
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Philosophies of Education: Their Influence on
Teaching Cont.
• 5. A fourth grade teacher gives her students a math quiz
every Thursday, and they go over the results every Friday.
“Practice, practice, practice,” she asserts. “They won’t get if
they don’t practice.
• 5. This teacher’s view suggests that she believes that her
students need to acquire basic and important math skills, so
her approach reflects an essentialist philosophy.
Kauchak and Eggen. Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Fifth
Edition. © 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005, 2002 Copyright Years by Pearson Education,
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Personal Philosophies of Education
• 1. What is the purpose of a personal
philosophy of education?
• 2. What is the beginning point for forming a
personal philosophy of education?
• 1. A personal philosophy of education helps us
decide what kind of teachers we want to be.
The philosophies guide our decisions and
actions.
• 2. Forming a personal philosophy of education
begins by examining our beliefs about students,
teaching, learning, and education in general.
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Discussion Questions
• Technology is becoming increasingly important in society as well
as education. Which of the four philosophies of education—
perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, or social
reconstructionism—is most compatible with applications of
technology in education? Least compatible?
• Students are becoming increasingly diverse. How well do the
different philosophies of education address issues of student
diversity?
• Which philosophy of education has the most current support in
the geographic area in which you plan to teach? What evidence
do you have for your conclusion?
Kauchak and Eggen. Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Fifth
Edition. © 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005, 2002 Copyright Years by Pearson Education,
Inc. All Rights Reserved
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