Transcript Slide 1
Industrial Hygiene and
Exposure Assessment
Exploration and Production
Cheryl Metzler, CIH
BP America Production Co.
Foundational
Work Planning
JSEA
Exposure
Assessment
Procedures
PPE Hazard Assessment
Worker Training
Exposure Assessment
Strategy equally applicable to all stressors
Chemical
Physical
Biological
Thermal
Motion (Lifting, Force, etc.)
Pressure (Noise)
Strategy
Anticipate
Verify presence of hazard
Identify jobs/tasks with exposure
potential
Evaluate
Exposure potential
Perform monitoring
Control
Confirm controls
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Heat / Cold
Legionella, Encephalitis,Tuberculosis,
West Nile Virus, Hanta Virus, Bubonic Plague
Ergonomic Equipment Layout & Design
Spiders, Bees, Ticks
Poison ivy / oak
Drinking Water
Fatigue
Repetitive motion
Sanitation
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Heat / Cold
Acids - sulfuric, hydrochloric,
citric
Asbestos
Silica
Benzene
Lead
Caustic
Iron sulfide
Mercury
Methanol
H2S
Welding fume (heavy metals,
hexavalent chromium)
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Heat / Cold
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Motion
Gravity
Cold - Frostbite, hypothermia
Cold - Cryogenics
Heat Stress
Pressure
Heat / Cold
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Manual lifting
Overextension
Heat / Cold
Suitability –
hand / power tool
Slips / trips / falls
Vibration
Biological
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Heat / Cold
Noise
Sunlight
Sealed Sources (level detection)
- Gamma rays, Alpha & Beta particles
NORM - Gamma rays,
Alpha & Beta Particles
Biological
Welding - UV Radiation
Radiation
Chemical
Exposure
Assessment
Electrical
Pressure
Motion
Gravity
Heat / Cold
Operator’s Responsibility
Identify potential IH hazards
Communicate potential IH hazards to
Contractors
Verify that contactor’s exposure
assessment plan to protect workers is
adequate
Contractor’s Responsibility
Conduct personal sampling based upon
potential hazards
8-hour time weighted average
Short term exposure limits
Contractors must gather and retain medical
exposure records for 30 years past the term of
employment
Compliance with 8 hour exposure limits does not
equal compliance with STEL, i.e. 15 min at
5ppm for Benzene or 100 dB noise exposure for
2 hours
Asbestos Example
• Complete Asbestos Surveys for facilities /equipment constructed
prior to 1982
• Identify employees with potential exposure for monitoring
• Complete monitoring by task
• Assess feasibility of engineering controls
• Document respiratory protection, clothing and gloves by task / job
category
• Verify with Occupational Health Nurse personnel needing to
complete respiratory questionnaire are identified
• Document determination regarding inclusion in medical surveillance
• Review training content
• Affected employees complete training
Ergonomics Example
• Review Illness reports (backs, shoulders, elbows, hands, wrists).
• Verify that corrective actions from investigations were effective.
Office Ergonomics
• Conduct baseline office ergonomic survey for all employees to
identify high risk users.
• Conduct personal survey for high risk users.
• Training on ergonomic hazards and equipment adjustment for all
employees
Industrial Ergonomics
• Identify field tasks that may require baseline industrial ergonomic
survey.
• Conduct personal survey for high risk tasks.
• Training on ergonomic hazards and equipment adjustment for all
employees, including engineers.
Equipment-based Exposure
Assessment
What equipment is
onsite?
What product is in the
equipment?
What are the hazards
of the product in the
equipment? The tools?
The chemicals to be
used? (MSDSs)
What other
equipment is associated
with it?
Equipment Life Cycle
Construct
Demolish
Operate
Maintain
Life Cycle Tasks
What are
the tasks
done on the
equipment?
Construct
Operate
Maintain
Demolish
Who does
these tasks?
EXPOSURE LIMIT CONCEPTS
ACETIC ACID
CEILING
Not to be
exceeded ever
50 ppm
25 ppm
15 ppm
STEL
15 minute task
10 ppm
TWA
Full Shift
0 ppm
8AM
12 Noon
4 PM
Continuous sampling example
ppm (as isobutylene)
Taking process acetate ester samples
Taking process
kettle samples
Painting?
Laboratory work
Time
20
04:29
04:03
03:37
03:11
02:45
02:19
01:53
01:27
01:01
00:35
00:09
23:43
23:17
22:51
22:25
(titration's etc.)
21:59
21:33
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Benzene Example
Identify equipment with potential exposure
Identify tasks performed on equipment and
personnel performing tasks
Monitor using personal sampling pumps
and charcoal tubes
Use statistical analysis tools to compare
sampling results with OSHA standards
Recommend controls, if required
Schedule for repeated sampling to ensure
nothing has changed
Benzene
Exposures
8-hour Time Weighted Average (OSHA
PEL – 1 ppm)
Tasks – Short Term Exposure (OSHA
STEL – 5 ppm)
OSHA Oil & Gas Exemption for
Exploration – 10 ppm
Sampling Results – Tank gauging
Review Sampling data
<0.1 ppm
0.02 ppm
0.1 ppm
0.2 ppm
Decision Probability
Posterior
0.865
Use statistical program
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.12
0
0.001
0.014
0
Compare to OEL
0
1
2
3
Exposure Rating
4
Process Overview – Benzene Example
Equipment & Tasks - Tank
Produced Water / Condensate / Rich
Glycol Tank - Operation
Tank gauging
Sampling
Truck Loading, water
Truck Loading, oil
Equipment & Tasks - Tank
Produced Water / Condensate / Rich Glycol
Tank - Maintenance
Tank Cleaning/Internal inspection
Piping/Flange/Gasket Replacement
Meter Proving/Calibration/Replacement
Changing Orifice Plate
Pump - Repair Or Replacement
VRU Repair/Replacement/Lube Oil Change
Check thief hatch and Enardo/relief valve
Transmitter repair / replacement / Level indicator
Equipment & Tasks - Filter
Glycol Sock Filter - Maintenance
Piping/Flange/Gasket/Gauge Replacement
Changing Gylcol Sock Filters
Equipment & Tasks – In-line Heater
Heater - Maintenance
In-line Heater - Inspection - internal
In-line Heater - Repair
In-line Heater - Piping repair/replacement
Equipment & Tasks – Separator
Separator - Maintenance
Separators/free water knockout –
Inspection – internal
Separators/free water knockout – Piping
repair replacement
Etc.
Work Management System
Integrate hazard identification and IH
monitoring into maintenance work order
systems, e.g. Maximo
Applying to other operators?
Applying to other operators?
Conclusion
Questions?