Transcript Alternate Approach to BCS Energy Measurement

A Proposed Approach to
BCS Energy Regulation
AHAM PTI Proposal
April 9, 2008
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Appliance Battery Charging Systems
 This regulation establishes energy
efficiency requirements for appliance
battery charging systems
 Appliance = a product where the primary
output is mechanical motion, light, the
movement of air, or production of heat, but
excluding products for the transportation
or conveyance of people or cargo.
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Scope
 Our products include integral and detachable
batteries:
 Integral—battery is not removable and charged within
the appliance (e.g. cordless shaver, some power
tools)
 Detachable—battery is a separate entity and is
removed from the appliance for charging. (e.g. power
tool with battery pack
 We do not include batteries charged in the
product that may be removed with the power
source connected
 We call “swappable” (e.g. laptop, cell phone)
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EPS’s
 Some BCS’s use external adapters.
 Usually wall- mounts
 CEC has stated that BCS’s regulated by
this standard would not also be regulated
as EPS’s
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The effects of this scope definition
is to:
 Integral and Detachable are included as
appliance BCS’s
 Therefore adapters would NOT be regulated
as EPS
 Adapter efficiency measured as part of
system efficiency
 “Swappable” are not included
 The adaptors for a “swappable” product could
be covered by the EPS regulations
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Construction
 Separate section of Title 20 for appliance
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battery chargers
Corresponding definitions
Reference to the appropriate sections of
the test method for tests
Derive data from test method
Calculation and assessment of “efficiency”
within regulation
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General Philosophy
 Measure and save real energy
 Sensitive to wide differences in product usage
 Aggregate consumption in use
 Focus on excess energy use
 Not restrict design
 Don’t separately regulate each contributing
element
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Key differences from earlier
approaches
 Inclusion of active mode
 Cycle normalized to 168 hours
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Key similarities
 System Approach
 Our products are really sold as systems
 Focus on excess energy use
 Maintenance and standby are already excess
 Active includes retrievable energy of battery
 Interest in active should be on excess
consumed in conversion losses, acceptance
losses, etc
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Regulation Philosophy
Uses ER = Ea/Eb approach
 Ea is the accumulated excess energy used by
the BCS
 Eb is energy retrieved from battery
 Consider excess energy as the energy not
retrievable from the battery
 Ideal BCS would have zero excess energy
 Retain as much of existing appliance methods
as practical
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Differences
 Include measurement of charging cycle (akaactive mode)
 Use a few categories of Active, Maintenance,
Stand By times as characteristic
 Normalize Ea to 168h (1 week) usage
 Avoid having test engineer open up the battery
or appliance
 Maintain safety of technician without compromising
design confidentiality
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Test Procedure
 Use Ecos test method for measurement of
active energy, no-battery mode energy,
and maintenance energy
 With suggested simplifications
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Calculation of Eb – Battery Energy
 Manufacturer reports Wh on battery or integral
product using Ecos method
 With modification for electronic cut-off
 Consistent with IEC standards
 Avoid conflict with UN/DOT for Li-ion
 CEC require data submittal
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Use of test method
 Ec = E24-Eb
 Pm = Pm
 Ps
 Detachable – Ps=Pnb using method 2
 Integral
 Wall adapter – Ps=Pnb using method 3
 AC cord – Ps=0
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Four BCS Categories
1. Infrequently charge –
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e.g. shavers cord
Integral, cord connected or adapter
Charge once in two weeks or less, then
disconnected
2. Cradle based chargers –
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e.g. Cordless Vacuums with Charging Base
Integral, cord connected or adapter
Charged once per week or less, then left connected
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BCS Categories (tools)
3. Consumer (detachable)
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e.g. “homeowner” power tools
three charges/week/battery
Remainder - mix of maintenance and standby
Product sold w/ one battery
4. Professional (detachable)
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e.g. Professional or Industrial Cordless Tools
Five charges/week/battery
Remainder – mix of maintenance and standby
Product sold w/ two+ batteries
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Categories
 Approximate based on intended use
 Does not require analysis of product to
categorize
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Formulas
Title
Criteria
168 hrs per week
Formula
Cradlebased
charger
Integral pack with
cradle
Ea=Ec + 144Pm
Infrequently
charged
Integral pack with
connector, no
cradle
Ea = Ec (144h
disconnected)
Consumer
(detachable)
One 24 hr charge cycle + balance of
week in maint
One 24 hr charge cycle + balance
of week disconnected
Detachable, packed Ea = 3Ec+72Pm+24Ps
3 x 24hr energy+72 hrs of maint+24
w/ one battery
hrs of standby
Professional Detachable, packed Ea = 5Ec+36Pm+12Ps
(detachable)
w/2 batteries
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Special cases
 Medical products—regulated by FDA
 Recommend exclusion
 Have additional safety requirements
 Low volume
 Low voltage or inductively charged
 Inherently less efficient—conversion
 Safety issues
 Less opportunity
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Agreement
 Can we arrive at agreement to regulate
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appliance battery chargers differently?
Separate the energy savings info by
product type.
Recognize manufacturers need time.
Draw cutoff on graph using battery voltage
as X axis? Look at with data.
Special cases
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