Transcript Document

PRESENTED BY: AYILIYA.P.S
BHAGYA LEKSHMI.S
DHANYA.S
JAYASREE.L
REVATHY.C.G
S .T.D :- X.C
SCHOOL:- GOVT. V.H.S.S
MANACAUD
OUR SUBJECT :-
“MODERN CARS & PARTS”
modern cars
INTRODUCTION
Motor car,any self propelled vehicle with
more than to wheels and a
passenger,compartments capable of being
steered by the operator for use on roads .the
term is used more specifically to denote any
such vehicle designed to carry a minimum of
seven people.
AIMS
From this project children can get an idea
of the various parts of cars and the
different types of cars in detail.
PARTS OF THE CARS
ENGINE OF A CAR
Any type of machine that obtains mechanicals energy
directly from the expenditure of the chemical energy of
full burned in a combustion chamber that is and
integral part of the engine
CAR WHEEL
Most cars used disc breaks on their front wheel, these are
fitted on front and back wheel or more expensive models
CAR BREAK
Mechanical device applied to the surface of a rotating
shaft, wheel, or disc in such a way as to retard motion
by means of friction. The break is usually lined with a
heat resistance material that will not readily wear
away or become smooth and slippery.
A GEAR OF A CAR
To or more gears ,transmitting motion from one shaft to
Another, constitute a gear train.
B. CYLINDER HEAD
The engines cylinder block is invariably made of
cast iron on to which is bolted on aluminium
cylinder head .This contains the valves that
permit the petrol-air mixture to enter the
combustion chamber and the exhaust gases to
leave it .
C.FUEL INJECTION
A carburttor had been used from the earlist
days of motoring as a component in which the
petrol-air mixture was reated. The limitation of
such an arrangement was that the mixture was
unevenly distributed which resulted in
incomplete combustion and undesirable
amount of unburnt fuel reaching the
atmosphere.
HOW CAR ENGINE WORK
A.FOUR STROKE CYCLE
The over whelming majority of car engines still
employ the four stroke cycle, invented by Nicholas Otto in
1876.
The first down stroke of the piston that is attached to
a connecting rod at its top end and to the crank shaft at
the bottom, draws a petrol-air mixture into the cylinder.
This is then compressed, which is the second stage of the
process.
D.LUBRICATION
An engine can not function unless it is well
lubricated with oil.This is circulated under
pressure from a pump that draws lubricant
from a reservoir contained within the sump
at the base of the engine.
E.COOLING
As the combustion temperature of petrol is to
25000c,the engine must be cooled.The cylinders
and head there fore Incorporate water jacketing
for a coolant that contains an antifreeze mixture
circulated by pump.It is cooled in a radiator
located at the front of the car by a passengers of
air that is drawn through it by a thermostatically
operated electric fan.
F.IGNITION
Whether a carburetor or fuel injection is employed,
the petrol air mixture has to be ingnited by a
sparking plug .current is fed to each via a
distributor supplied from a high – tension cool. The
current requires interruptions in its cycle, and
these are produced a contained within the
distributor.
G.ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
The car’s management system is yet another
component to make demands on the car’s
battery. The system is charged by an enginedriven alternator that, unlike the dynamo it
replace in the 1970 is efficient at low speeds or
when a car is “ticking over” in a traffic queue.
CONCLUSION
In this case we can discuss about the
various parts like the engine , car
breaks,gear e.t.c and all the other types of
cars.
We get these information's from
ENCARTA ENCYCLOPEDIA and
INTERNET.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
To express our gratitude
to Mrs.Geetha our class
teacher and DE Coordinator Mr.Mansoor.
THANK
YOU
ALL OF
YOU
2006
THE
END