Transcript Document

GERMANY (DB AG) -
A HOLDING COMPANY WITH 5 CORPORATE DIVISIONS
Corporate responsibility for operations is the province of the five limited companies:
1.
DB Regio (local passenger traffic)
2.
DB Reise und Touristik (long distance passenger traffic)
3.
DB Cargo (freight traffic)
4.
Station and Service (passenger stations)
5.
DB Netz (infrastructure). There is a proposal to separate this from DB AG. It is
intended it should continue to operate commercially.
The original plan (1994) was that all these would be privatised and DB AG abolished in
2002. This has not happened yet, but a stock-market listing by 2005 is targeted, to
enable DB to raise funds on the capital markets
Access Charges
A flexible charging system consisting of a fixed basic charge
plus a variable component depending on train category
(e.g. train type, composition and speed).
Access Rights
Access rights may be claimed on the whole German network subject to obtaining a
licence from the Transport Ministry
FRANCE (SNCF/RFF) -
SUPERVISED BY A BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION
SNCF is the operating company
RFF is the infrastructure company, with the same legal status as SNCF
Access Charges
1.
Access fee, per km per month (higher for higher speeds)
2.
Reservation fee, by km and path (varies by network category and time of
day – freight gets 50% reduction)
3.
A constant usage fee, by train-km
Access Rights
Train paths granted only to companies located in France.
Foreign operators said not yet to be entitled to claim access rights.
SPAIN (RENFE) -
Public Legal Entity Acting as Commercial Company
Assigned to Ministry of Development
RENFE has not created two separate entities. Infrastructure management is still a key
task of RENFE which remains an integrated company with separate accounting
systems for infrastructure and operations
Access Charges
Presently RENFE business units do not pay fees for use of infrastructure
Its proposals are:
1.
An access fee (for access to the infrastructure)
2.
A reservation fee (for the tracks to be reserved)
3.
A performance fee (on a train-km basis)
Access Rights
Under development (most lines have a different gauge than French
railways)
SWEDEN (SJ) – (traffic operations) – A state business administration
with a high degree of managerial autonomy: expected to generate its revenue
and operate on a commercial basis. Also private companies.
The SJ Group comprises a state business administration, with subsidiaries. But it is
now being broken up into six independent state-owned companies:
1.
SJ AB (passenger)
2.
Green Cargo AB (freight)
3.
EuroMaint AB (technical and maintenance)
4.
Jernhusen AB (property)
5.
Unigrid AB (data) (now privatised)
6.
TraffiCare AB (terminals).
BANVERKET (BV): responsible for track management. State grants for
maintenance and major investment
Access Charges
1.
An access fee, based on marginal costs (similar to road)
2.
An infrastructure charge: a fixed element (per axle per year) and a
variable element (gross tonne-km, train-km & traffic control charge)
Access Rights
Exceed the compulsory requirements of EC Directives
AUSTRIA (OeBB) – Separate legal entity owned by the state
Operations and infrastructure have separate accounting under OeBB.
A separate state-owned company, SCHIG, is responsible for infrastructure financing.
Access Charges
1.
Infrastructure fee has to be paid
2.
Fixed charge network access fees charged originally, now replaced by
a fee based on length of time of infrastructure use
Access Rights
Granted under licence, for defined parts of the railway network, from the Minister of
Transport. Open to international groupings and international combined transport
operators.
DENMARK
DSB (Danish State Railway) – an independent public corporation. Owns DSB Trains,
an operating company of rail services.
NRA (Danish National Railway Agency) – manages the infrastructure
DNRA is financed entirely by the State and revenue collected for usage is passed
directly to the Government.
DSB operates public service transport on the basis of traffic contracts.
There are 13 integrated private railways mainly operating feeder and commuter
services.
Access Charges
1.
Two types of passenger transport as public service, negotiated and tendered
2.
No access charges fee
Access Rights
The Minister of Transport may let contracts to tender for PSO. All approved railway
operators including DSB may bid. By 2003 15% of total passenger transport outside
the suburban network will be put out to tender.
BELGIUM (SNCB) –
A single corporate railway undertaking
with full autonomy on decisions relating to the commercial sector.
Has separate accounting for operations and Infrastructure. Has a
Government commissioner on the Board.
Access Charges
Under development
Access Rights
Available to SNCB for all passenger and freight operations. Also open to EU
international groupings carrying out combined transport.
HOLLAND (NS) – NS is a holding company with shares 100% Government-owned.
It incorporates NS Group (operations and commercial activities). The infrastructure
Is now owned by Railinfra Trust, under the Ministry of Transport
The Corporate Structure of NS Holding is as follows:
NS Cargo; NS Stations; NS Real Estate; NS Passenger; NS Rolling Stock
Railinfra Trust was separated from NS in 2001, with ownership of assets and
three task organisations:
RIB: Technical rail infrastructure management, maintenance and construction;
Railned BV (RBV): Regulates access, allocates track capacity and supervises safety;
NSBV: Day-to-day network/train control, operational management, signalling and
control systems.
Access Charges
At present there is no infrastructure fee (to compensate for a ‘non-level
playing field’ between road and rail transport)
Access Rights
RBV must grant access and transit rights to international groupings and railway
undertakings of other member states for combined transport.
ITALY (FS) – From 1997, a joint stock company 100% state-owned.
The FS Group consisted of five elements but this is now being simplified. There
will be two separate companies within the FS Group:
1.
2.
ITF, known as Trenitalia, for operations and rolling stock
ASA Rete - infrastructure
Access Charges
Trenitalia will pay track charges based on operating costs, not investment costs.
Investment is paid by the Government
Access Rights
Open bidding for network access began in 2001, with invitations for bids to
operate on five international corridors
PORTUGAL (CP) –
1.
2
3
Three bodies established:
State central administration body – regulates operators and
infrastructure managers, promotes safety and environmental conservation;
Infrastructure management body – development andmaintenance of
infrastructure and traffic control;
A transport operator – passenger and freight.
Access Charges
Under development
Access Rights
Under development
IRELAND (CIE) –
1.
2
a national statutory authority – all public surface transport.
Holding company owns public limited companies for rail (IE); National Bus;
Dublin City Bus Services, etc.
IE Separates accounts for operations and infrastructure
Access Charges
Under development : track gauge 1600 mm is incompatible with other EU railways
Access Rights
Under development
UK
– British Railways replaced by:
1.
Railtrack - a private infrastructure company responsible for maintaining and
developing infrastructure. Obtains income from charging train operating
companies (TOCs) fees for track usage. Also owns property. It subcontracts
infrastructure maintenance and renewals. Now under administration
2. Train operating companies (TOCs): All passenger rail services are franchised.
There are 25 franchised TOCs. There is no national carrier. Private freight
operators are running on a commercial basis, with reduced access fees.
3. Rolling Stock Operating Companies (ROSCOs): private companies for the supply
and maintenance of rolling stock to the TOCs.
4. Office of the Rail Regulator (ORR): responsible for the issue and enforcement
of licences to operate trains, networks and stations. Approves agreements for
access by operators to track and stations
5. Strategic Rail Authority (SRA): A Government-sponsored agency responsible for
the issuing of franchises and long term strategic planning