Transcript Slide 1

Civil Air Patrol
Middle East Region
G1000 Proficiency Clinic
Raising the Bar in MER for G1000 Operations
10 & 24 August, 2013
S. Parson, Capt
J. Karanikas, Capt
S. Hertz, Maj
Civil Air Patrol
Purpose of the Clinic
Middle East Region
• Take G1000 IFR qualified pilots and make them highly
proficient
• Deep dive on systems and procedures
• Best practices
• Open discussion
• IPC & Fly!
2
Civil Air Patrol
How we will get there
Middle East Region
• Assume we already know the G1000 pretty well
– Familiar with training materials on NHQ website
• Focus on some areas where we might be a little weak and/or
rusty
• Learn new things maybe?
3
Civil Air Patrol
Topics for Today
Middle East Region
• Before we fly
– Standby battery test
– Two good pre takeoff practices
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Airways in Flight Plans
Intercepting a leg
Flying a radial to a point
VNAV
VTF subtleties
Using the CWS
The GA button
Auto Pilot Notes
Flight Syllabus
4
Civil Air Patrol
Standby Battery Test
• Successful test not
required for VFR or IFR
flight! (see KOEL) Will
often “fail” in very cold WX
• But flight into IMC
without standby battery
would be inadvisable in
most cases
•Standby battery is your
#1 fire hazard (see
emergency checklist)
Middle East Region
Civil Air Patrol
Checking LRUs is a good practice
- Check LRU Status at pre
flight
- AUX Chapter, SYSTEM
STATUS page
-Consult KOEL for necessary
items
- Be sure to scroll through all
the pages!
- If there is a failure, take a
picture for the MX folks
Middle East Region
Civil Air Patrol
Two Good Practices Just before Takeoff
Middle East Region
Load departure airport
approach
Set up FD for departure
• Load but don’t activate
• Allows quick return if
something goes wrong in
IMC
• Allows smooth and
seamless transition to AP
operation
• Provides FD guidance from
take off
• Activate FD and set FLC to
90 knots, heading mode
with runway heading, and
initial altitude in altitude
window
7
Civil Air Patrol
Adding Airways to Flight Plans
Middle East Region
• You must have a way point in the flight plan that is on the
desired airway
– Can’t be part of an arrival or
approach procedure
• Select the point in the flight
plan AFTER the entry
waypoint, select the airway,
then select the exit point,
then “load”
• Airways are deleted by
selecting the airway name
and pressing clear.
8
Civil Air Patrol
Adding V466 for KVJI to KHLX
Middle East Region
The entry to
V466 is the GZG
VOR so position
the cursor on the
next waypoint
9
Civil Air Patrol
Menu Selection to add Airway
Middle East Region
The Menu key
brings up this list
and you choose
“Load Airway”. If
your cursor is not
on the waypoint
after the entry
point, there will
be no “Load
Airway” option.
10
Civil Air Patrol
Choose V466
Middle East Region
There are three
airways that
intersect GZG so
select the one of
interest (V466).
11
Civil Air Patrol
Choose the exit point from V466
Middle East Region
Next is a list of all
the waypoints on
V466. GZG is
grayed out
because you
have already
designated this
as the entry onto
V466. Choose an
exit point (PSK)
and hit enter.
12
Civil Air Patrol
Segment of V466 to be inserted
Middle East Region
This series of
waypoints are the
part of V466 that
will be inserted in
the flight plan
starting with GZG
and ending with
PSK. Hit “Enter” to
load this into the
flight plan.
13
Civil Air Patrol
Flight plan complete!
Middle East Region
Here’s the
resulting flight
plan. Note the
VNAV
information
which has been
added. The
airway can be
deleted by
selecting the
white “Airway”
text and hitting
“CLR”.
14
Civil Air Patrol
Flying a radial to a point
Middle East Region
Scenario: Flying from KGVE to KJYO, ATC clears you to intercept
the AML 259° radial, direct AML, direct KJYO.
Civil Air Patrol
Flying a radial to a point
Middle East Region
•
Use basic flight plan editing techniques to add AML to the flight plan.
•
AML should now be the active waypoint.
Civil Air Patrol
Flying a radial to a point
Middle East Region
•
Use OBS key on the PFD to suspend auto-sequencing.
•
Then use CRS knob to select inbound course (079°) for the 259° radial
(put the tail of the needle on 259 to eliminate calculation of reciprocal.)
•
Fly assigned heading to intercept the assigned bearing.
•
Once on assigned bearing to AML (079° inbound), press the OBS key
to “un-suspend” and resume auto-sequencing in flight plan.
Civil Air Patrol
Vertical Navigation with the G1000
Middle East Region
• The G1000 navigates in three dimensions
• Provides vertical navigation in certain cases either
automatically or when requested by the pilot
Glidepath
Glideslope
18
Civil Air Patrol
Direct using VNAV
Middle East Region
• When you use the direct to function, you can designate a
target altitude and offset as well as the waypoint
19
Civil Air Patrol
Success!
TOD
Middle East Region
Offset WP
20
Civil Air Patrol
Enabling and Disabling VNAV
Middle East Region
21
Civil Air Patrol
VNAV Constraints and Tricks
Middle East Region
• Resulting descent cannot exceed a FPA or 6 degrees or VS >
6,000 fpm
• VNAV will navigate the descent to the higher of the target
altitude or the altitude in the altitude select window
• VNAV has to be armed/acknowledged within 5 minutes prior
to reaching the TOD by pressing the VNV key on the autopilot
or by adjusting the altitude bug. In addition the altitude must
be set at least 75 lower than the current altitude for the
decent to begin. It’s best to wait for the 1 minute “Vertical
Track” alert.
• The VNV Direct softkey is just a simple way of moving the TOD
up to your current position. Useful when ATC says to start
your descent NOW.
22
Civil Air Patrol
Activating Vectors to Final not the best
Middle East Region
Vectors to final makes a final approach easy – but
activating VTF in the G1000 replaces all your
waypoint with an inbound course. Best to leave the
approach in place and just follow the ATC vectors.
Civil Air Patrol
Middle East Region
CWS can be useful in setting AP Parameters
• When CWS is engaged the AP is “suspended”
– GFC 700 monitors flight parameters and uses “current value” when
CWS is disengaged
•
•
•
•
Altitude if in altitude hold mode
Vertical speed if climbing or descending
Airspeed if FLC is engaged
Roll/pitch if AP is in roll/pitch mode
• Using CWS to reset parameters for FLC and VS is easier to do
with CWS vice pushing buttons especially in turbulence
24
Civil Air Patrol
The GA Button does four things
Middle East Region
If a go-around is necessary, press the GA
switch and apply full power.
The flight director command bars establish a
7° nose-up pitch command to follow.
GA also disconnects the autopilot, changes
CDI to GPS, and un suspends the GPS .
Start climbing to the altitude in the published MAP.
Can also be useful for night takeoffs or takeoffs in low IFR
Civil Air Patrol
Preflighting the Autopilot
Middle East Region
• The primary purpose of preflighting the autopilot is NOT to
see if it works properly (although that is a secondary
objective) – it’s to make sure we can turn the thing OFF!!!
– Important even if you don’t plan to use it
– How many ways are there to turn it off from the preferred to the
desperate?
• The AC will fly perfectly well with the AP inop
– FD will usually work fine even if the AP is inop
26
Civil Air Patrol
Auto Pilot Limitations
Middle East Region
GFC700
KAP140
• Max engagement 165 knots, Min
engagement 70 knots, Electric
trim Max Operation speed 175
KIAS
• Max fuel imbalance with
autopilot engaged: 90 lbs (~15
gallons)
• AP off below 800’ AGL UNLESS on
an instrument approach, then to
minimums (200’ AGL limit). AP
may be re-engaged at the MAP
once a climb is established.
• A pilot must occupy left seat
• AP can NOT be used if audio
panel is inoperative (why?)
• Max engagement 160 knots, Min
engagement 80 knots, Electric trim
Max Operation speed 175 KIAS
• Max Flap with AP use is 10 degrees
• Max fuel imbalance with autopilot
engaged: 90 lbs (~15 gallons)
• AP off below 800’ AGL UNLESS on
an instrument approach, then to
minimums (200’ AGL limit). AP may
be re-engaged at the MAP once a
climb is established.
• A pilot must occupy left seat
• AP can NOT be used if audio panel
is inoperative (why?)
27
Civil Air Patrol
Auto Pilot Limitations
GFC700
Middle East Region
KAP140
Neither auto pilot provides yaw damper
or auto throttles despite what many
pilots believe!!!
28
Civil Air Patrol
Auto Pilot Comparison
GFC 700
• 2 Axis AP
• Hdg, Nav, VNAV, CWS, GA
• VS, Alt hold, FLC
• Attitude from AHARS
• Initially pitch and roll
• Flight Director
• Integrated altitude bug and
barometric setting
Middle East Region
KAP 140
• 2 Axis AP
• Hdg, Nav
• VS, Alt hold
• Attitude from TC
• Initially VS and roll
• NA
• Independent setting of
altitude and barometer
Our GFC700 AC are WAAS capable while our KAP 140 AC are not
29
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Autopilot Controls
Used to manually
arm or disarm
altitude pre-select
Engages
autopilot in
roll and VS
modes
Follows
heading
bug
Tracks
flight plan
modes
Toggles
between
ALT hold
and VS
mode
Middle East Region
Used to input
altimeter setting
Used to
select VS
rate or
change
selected
altitude
Civil Air Patrol
GFC 700 Automatic Flight Control System
• Flight Director
• Autopilot
Middle East Region
Civil Air Patrol
Instrument Proficiency Check Tasks
• IIIA* – Holding
• IVB - Unusual Attitudes
• VA – Intercept &
tracking
• VIII – D Partial Panel
• VIII – Instrument checks
•
•
•
•
•
Middle East Region
VIA – NPA
VIB – PA
VIC – Missed
VID – Circling
VIE - Landing
* Refers to PTS Task
32
Civil Air Patrol
Questions? Comments?
Middle East Region
33
Civil Air Patrol
Flight Syllabus
Middle East Region
• Extensive preflight of the G1000
– Check LRUs and various status pages
– Set up FD for departure
– Set up departure airport approach
• In the air
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Fly airways
Intercept legs
Fly radials to a point or a leg
Using the GA button
Using CWS
What really happens when you engage the AP
Complete IPC tasks
• Back on the ground
– Debrief
34
Civil Air Patrol
Let’s go fly!
Middle East Region
35
Civil Air Patrol
Middle East Region
BACKUPS
36
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Autopilot Overview
Middle East Region
• Two axis autopilot with pitch and roll
• Pilot must fly the rudder for coordinated flight and
throttle for power (no auto throttles or yaw damper!)
• Vertical components include:




Vertical Speed Hold
Altitude Pre-select
Altitude Hold
Glide slope capture
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Autopilot Operations
Middle East Region
• Lateral control about the longitudinal axis includes:




Roll control (wing leveler),
Heading hold,
Navigation tracking, and
Approach tracking (including REV (“reverse” for backcourse))
• DC-powered turn coordinator (TC) (behind MFD) supplies rate
information to the AP
• Failure of the AHRS unit has no effect on the autopilot ROLL
control
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Pre-select
1
2
Middle East Region
Use inner and outer knob on right hand side
to set desired altitude in upper right corner.
Above 800’ AGL
Press AP button
at lower left for
approximately
2 seconds to
As shown on the top line, autopilot will
engage
engage in ROL (wing leveler) and VS
autopilot.
(capture) modes.
2a
VS mode will immediately capture and
maintain the VS being flown at the time the
AP button is pressed.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Pre-select Middle East Region
3
• Immediately press the
UP or DOWN key to see
and set desired VS.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Pre-select
Middle East Region
4
• Press ARM key to arm the autopilot to capture the preselected altitude (4,500 MSL in this example).
• Look at upper line to verify that VS mode is still engaged.
• Check the lower line to confirm the ALT ARM is
illuminated.
•DO NOT press the ALT key, which toggles between VS and ALT hold modes.
Pressing ALT while in VS mode with ALT ARM illuminated will cause the autopilot to
hold the altitude being flown at the time the ALT button is pressed.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Pre-select Middle East Region
5
• When altitude reaches pre-selected value (4,500 in this
example), the ALT ARM annunciation on the lower line will
extinguish.
• The VS annunciation on the upper line will then change to
ALT, which indicates that the autopilot has captured and is
maintaining the desired altitude.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Change
Middle East Region
1. Use knobs on the right to set the new
altitude in the pre-select window
2. The VS annunciation will replace the
ALT annunciation on the top line.
3. Press ALT key to toggle from ALT hold
mode to VS mode.
4. Press the UP or DN key to set the
desired vertical speed.
Set power –
The autopilot will NOT
manage power settings!
5. Confirm that ALT ARM annunciation
illuminates on the bottom line of the
autopilot status screen.
6. (If not, simply press the ARM key and
verify that ALT ARM illuminates.)
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 Altitude Change
Middle East Region
7. When aircraft reaches new
altitude previously set in the
pre-select window:
8. ALT ARM will extinguish.
9. ALT hold annunciation will
replace VS on upper line.
REMEMBER:
• Top line shows what mode(s) are ENGAGED NOW.
• Bottom line shows what mode(s) are ARMED TO ENGAGE.
• Set power – this autopilot will NOT manage airspeed!
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140- More VS/ALT Points
Middle East Region
• With ALT hold engaged, pressing the UP or DOWN
key once will move altitude by 20 feet.
• Autopilot will fly the plane into a stall if there is
insufficient power for the VS selected
• Extended manual attempts to override pitch will
cause a pitch trim lockout:
• You will hear a tone and see a PT annunciation
on the autopilot display screen and on the
G1000 annunciation window (on PFD).
• Power must be removed from the autopilot to
solve this problem (avionics bus 2 off or AP
circuit breaker).
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 - Heading Mode
Middle East Region
• Set heading bug to desired heading
• Keep heading bug synced!!
• Press HDG button
• HDG annunciation will
replace ROL annunciation in
upper left
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 - Heading Mode
Middle East Region
Use the heading
bug to steer the
aircraft when
HDG mode is
engaged.
NOTE: In a rate-based system, the autopilot
will normally turn the aircraft at standard rate.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 - NAV Mode
Middle East Region
To capture and track a selected course:
1. Ensure that AP is in HDG mode.
2. Set HSI to desired course.
Press NAV.
Unless you are already on
the course you wish to track,
NAV ARM will illuminate on
the lower line. NAV will
capture and track the course
set on e-HSI.
•
Note: Set the HSI heading
bug to a heading that will
intercept the NAV course you
wish to capture and track.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 - NAV Mode
Middle East Region
3. When the aircraft intercepts the desired course,
HDG hold mode will disengage and the NAV
ARM annunciation will extinguish.
4. The NAV tracking mode will engage and the
NAV annunciation will replace the HDG
annunciation in the upper left corner. The
autopilot will track the desired course.
Civil Air Patrol
KAP 140 - NAV Mode
Middle East Region
• NAV mode will disengage if you change the
G1000 nav source (e.g., from GPS to
VOR1) while NAV mode is engaged.
• AP will revert to ROL mode.
• NAV annunciation will flash.
• Pilot action:
• Ensure that the desired course / heading are
set.
• Press NAV (twice) to re-engage NAV mode with
new source.
Civil Air Patrol
GFC 700 Automatic Flight Control System
Middle East Region
• Does everything the KAP 140 does but operates
differently and provides improved functionality
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Better integration with G1000
2 axis autopilot
Attitude comes from AHARS not TB
Engaging AP puts it in pitch and roll mode initially
CWS available
Can fly with FD only if desired
Reads altitude bug and barometric setting from G1000
FLC available
Does vertical nav
GA mode provided
Yaw damper and auto throttles not provided