Transcript Priorities and Challenges Ahead for DELSA

TRENDS IN THE TOURISM
LABOUR MARKET
International Conference of the Czech EU Presidency
Tourism Industry: Employment and Labour Market Challenges
Prague, 10 – 11 June 2009
ALAIN DUPEYRAS
Head of the OECD Tourism Unit
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AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH OF
EMPLOYMENT IN OECD ZONE
2000/1995
Employment average annual
growth
2007/2000
Employment average annual
growth
2007
Employment
in AFS
(thousands)
OECD
TOTAL
AFS*
%
Services
%
Industry
%
Economy
%
AFS*
%
Services
%
Industry
%
Economy
%
2.6
2.5
1.0
1.9
2.2
1.6
-0.1
1.0
31 218.4
AFS
employment
as a
percentage
of overall
employment
%
6.0
SMEs IN TOURISM : AN IMPORTANT
ROLE IN EMPLOYMENT TERM
Employment by enterprise size in a sampling of OECD countries
0-9
10-19
20-49
50-249
250 et
plus
Total
Hotels
26.4
14.7
17.3
21.8
19.8
100
Restaurants
50.9
15.0
9.9
6.9
17.3
100
Travel
Agencies
33.9
10.4
11.4
15.6
28.7
100
Industry
20.3
9.7
13.9
21.9
34.2
100
Business
and
services
33.6
9.8
11.2
14.3
31.1
100
Economy
27.2
9.9
12.6
17.8
32.5
100
HUMAN RESOURCES: NEW CHALLENGES
FOR TOURISM POLICY
• Labour shortages
• Difficulty in forecasting skills needs
• Low productivity
New tasks: Attract workers, improve skills and
productivity levels
IMMIGRANTS IN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR
•
A substantial part of migration is into low-skilled occupations, even in
countries with restrictive policies favouring higher skilled migration
Source : International Migration Outlook (2008), OECD
IMMIGRANTS IN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR
• Limited evidence is available with regard to the distribution of
new migrant workers by detailed industry or occupation…
• … although it is clear that the hospitality sector received a
significant share of temporary/seasonal low-skilled workers in
several OECD countries
• This was the case, for
instance, in the
United Kingdom
in the context of
the EU enlargement.
Selected occupations in hospitality in which
registered workers are employed JULY 2004 -
Leisure and theme park attendants
Managers (bar, catering, hotel and restaurants)
Bar Staff
Waiter, waitress
Maid / Room attendant (hotel)
Hotel Receptionist and porter
Kitchen and catering assistants
Chef
Total above
Total (excld. Not stated)
• There is also
evidence of the
importance of illegal
employment of
Source : Accession Monitoring Report , Home Office UK (2009)
foreigners in this sector.
3165
1675
11250
31255
31030
7535
51360
11180
148450
875830
IMMIGRANTS IN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR
• Because of persistent hard-to-fill vacancies and of the
importance of language skills, most OECD countries have
provisions which allow for international recruitment of workers
in the hospitality sector:
– Seasonal programmes (e.g. Italy, France, Spain) and temporary
programmes (e.g. United States H-2B)
– Within highly skilled migration programmes (e.g. cooks are
included in the Skilled occupation list in Australia)
– Cultural exchanges programme, including Working Holiday
Makers Schemes, and special programmes for trainees.
Source : International Migration Outlook (2008), OECD
IMPLICATIONS FOR TOURISM AGENCIES:
A “WHOLE OF GOVERNMENT” APPROACH
Broader,
more
strategic
approach
Developing
knowledge
Leadership
Effective
collaborative
relationships
WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE?
DEVELOP STRATEGIC GUIDANCE
• Increase emphasis on supply side issues and yield per visitor
STRENGTHEN GOVERNANCE AND LEADERSHIP
• Encourage a “whole-of-government” approach
ENCOURAGE POLICY AND INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS
• Work actively with immigration agencies to develop programmes for
seasonal jobs or low-skilled workers
CONCENTRATE ON INNOVATION
• Increase product development and incentives for entrepreneurs, e.g.
Scottish Enterprise, Innotour (Switzerland)
IMPROVE SUPPORT DATA / INTELLIGENCE
• Develop indicators to measure employment features and to assess
efficiency of support programmes
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FOR MORE INFORMATION
VISIT OR EMAIL
•
•
www.oecd.org/cfe/tourism
[email protected]
PUBLICATIONS
•
•
The Impact of Culture on Tourism
Tourism in OECD Countries 2010: Trends and Policies
(forthcoming)
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