Transcript Understanding The New Stormwater Regulations ~ An

Understanding The New
Stormwater Regulations
~
An Introduction For Municipal Officials
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Stephen J. Souza, Ph.D
Princeton Hydro, LLC
Suite 1, 1108 Old York Rd.
P.O. Box 720
Ringoes, New Jersey 08551
Understanding The New
Stormwater Regulations
~
An Introduction For Municipal Officials
Ten Towns Committee
Great Swamp Watershed
Management Committee
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Why Bother ???
• Over 60% of existing water quality problems are
the result of non-point source pollution linked to
stormwater runoff
• Stormwater runoff can degrade the quality of
wetlands, surface water and groundwater
• This impacts the ecological, recreational and
aesthetic attributes of of these resources
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• Degraded surface and groundwater can cause
or lead to human health impacts
Hydrologic Response
Pre- Development
40% EvapoTranspiration
10-15%
Runoff
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45 - 50%
Recharge
Hydrologic Response
Post- Development
30 %
Evaporation
55 %
Runoff
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15 %
Recharge
10% or greater
impervious cover
enough to impact
stream channels
Watershed Development
and Water Pollution
Increase in the rate, amounts and types of pollutants
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Particulate Matter (TSS)
Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus)
Heavy Metals (lead, zinc, copper, etc.)
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Pathogenic Organisms
Others (acid rain, pesticides, road salt,
algal by-products)
Types of NPS
Pollution
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Litter
Lawn Fertilizers
House/garden Pesticides
Household Hazardous Products
(e.g. paint thinner)
• Motor Oil
• Car Washing
• Pet Waste
Phase II - Municipal
Regulations
• In 1999 the USEPA adopted rules for the nation-wide
NPDES permits for municipal stormwater discharges
from small construction sites and municipalities
(implement Section 402(p)(6) of the Clean Water Act)
• States were required to adopt municipal stormwater
management rules by March of 2003
• The rules pertain to MS4s – Municipal Separate Storm
Sewer Systems
• Intent of new rules is to improve the quality of surface
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ter Management Rules
• Statewide Requirements
– Nonstructural SWM Strategies
– Groundwater Recharge
– Quantity Control
– Quality Control
• Municipal Stormwater Planning
• Regional Stormwater Management Planning
• Protections for Special Water Resource
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Two Separate But
Related Elements
• Stormwater management regulations for
new construction
– Addresses flooding, infiltration and pollutant
loading issues associated with stormwater
– Standardizes the methodology associated
with the management of stormwater
• Phase II NJPDES permits for MS4s
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NJ Stormwater Program
Stormwater Pollution Prevention
Best Management Practices
New Development
Stormwater
Management Plan
Existing Development
Statewide Basic
Requirements
Stormwater Control
Ordinance
Stormwater Q/Q/R Reqs
Additional
Measures
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Optional
Measures
Who Do These
New Rules Affect?
General Permit (GP) must be obtained by:
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Large municipalities (Tier A) – population >10,000
Rural municipalities (Tier B) - population <10,000
Public Complexes
Highway Agencies
The General Permit entails implementation of
general “pollution prevention practices and
engineering controls”
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Municipal Tier
Assignments
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467
Tier A
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Tier B
Requirements for
BOTH Tier A and Tier B
• Develop and adopt stormwater
management (SWM) plan
• Develop and adopt SWM ordinance
• Conduct public education
• Implement as needed additional
measures
Discussed later
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Regulation Timetable
• December 1999 Final Rule (EPA)
• January 2003 - NJDEP draft Stormwater
Management Regulations published
• Rules officially adopted 2 February 2004.
• RFA mailed out in early February
• RFA to be returned by March
• Upon acceptance of General Permit, meet
requirements following schedule established for
Tier A and Tier B municipalities
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The General Permit –
Step 1 of Compliance
March
2004
• The RFA vehicle for regulated entity to apply
for General Permit
• The RFA a simple 2 or 3 page form with a
certification
• In the RFA, the NJDEP will request most
basic information, specific contents of the
form is contained in each general permit
• Completed RFA returned to NJDEP
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Phase II NJPDES
General Permit
Minimum Control Measures
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• Public education and outreach concerning NPS
pollution
• Public involvement
• Map location of all outfalls and identify illicit
connections
• Runoff controls for construction sites
• Runoff controls for post-development and
redevelopment
• Pollution prevention and implementation of
“good housekeeping” at municipal facilities
Public Education
Public Involvement
• Must make efforts to inform public about
the potential environmental impacts due to
NPS pollution such as improper disposal
of household hazardous material,
excessive fertilizer and pesticide use, etc.
• Involve public in NPS control efforts such
as stream sampling, storm drain stenciling,
stream cleanups, etc.
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Public Education
Public Involvement
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• Must make efforts to inform public about
the potential environmental “grassroots”impacts of NPS pollution such as
improper disposal of household hazardous
material, excessive fertilizer and pesticide
use, etc.
• Involve public in NPS control efforts such
as stream sampling, storm drain stenciling,
stream cleanups, etc.
Public Education
Public Involvement
• Must make efforts to inform public about
the potential environmental impacts due to
NPS pollution such as improper disposal
of household hazardous material,
excessive fertilizer and pesticide use, etc.
• Involve public in NPS control efforts such
as stream sampling, storm drain stenciling,
stream cleanups, etc.
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Good Housekeeping
The permittee must implement
stormwater pollution prevention
measures at municipally owned facilities
such as DPW yards, fueling depots,
vehicle maintenance facilities, salt/sand
storage areas, etc.
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Construction Site Runoff
Control Practices
• Erosion control practices must be
enforced at construction sites
• Pollution prevention measures must be
implemented at construction sites
• Applies to disturbances of greater than
one (1) or more acres of land
• Doesn’t do away with need for County
SCD permit for disturbances of >5,000 ft2
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Post-Construction
Stormwater Management
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Adopt SWM Plan
Adopt and implement SWM ordinance
Ensure maintenance of SW BMPs
Implement NJDEP stormwater management
regulations pertaining to new development,
compliance with RSIS
Peak flow mitigation,
Water quality enhancement,
Recharge
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• Meet design standards for storm drain inlets
Outfall Mapping and
Illicit Connection ID
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Locate outfalls
Develop database
Integrate with GIS
Use for record keeping
– Last inspection
– Last cleanout or maintenance
• Tie in with monitoring program
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Source Control
Activities
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Reduce or Eliminate Potential Stormwater Impacts
• “Pooper-Scooper” ordinances
• Lawn waste management
• Pollution prevention at municipal facilities
• Salt and sand storage
• Floatables control - trash cans, litter ordinances,
outfall collection, street sweeping
• Road erosion control
• Stormwater facility maintenance
Optional Source
Control Measures
Ways to Further Enhance
a Stormwater Program
May Result from a TMDL or WQMP
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Increased infiltration/groundwater recharge
Alternative road deicing techniques
Orphan stormwater detention basin adoption
Wildlife management (concerns about geese)
Retrofit / upgrade of existing SW controls
Additional Measures
• Inclusion of Additional Measures, which
are requirements that go beyond the
SBR’s of the General Permit,
• May be a triggered by a Water Quality
Management Plan (WQMP), a TMDL, or
regional stormwater management plan
• Protection of a unique surface water
• Restoration of a stressed or impaired
surface water
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Special Water
Resource Protection
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• The rules also provide the special
protections needed for the state’s high
quality waters,
• Includes drinking water reservoirs and
streams that provide critical natural
resource habitat,
• Will require the maintenance of vegetated
areas (buffers) along waterways
designated as Category One (C1) water
resources.
Special Water Resource
Protection Area – Proposed Buffer
• 300-foot buffer along waters and their
tributaries within HUC14 for C1 waters
• Encroachment within the area allowed if
previously disturbed or for stabilization
– Must meet 95% TSS removal and address
loss of function
– Encroachment limited to 150-foot from top
of bank or centerline where no bank is
defined
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Municipal SWM Plan
• Address water quality, groundwater
recharge, and water quantity impacts
from stormwater
• Must include SW rule performance
standards or conform with RSWMP
• Develop mitigation plan in order to grant
variance or exemption from standards
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Regional SWM Plan
Regional Stormwater Management Plans
• Lead planning agency, regional stormwater
committee integrated with watershed plans and
TMDLs
• Characterize drainage area, rank quality and quantity
issues, develop drainage area specific objective and
performance standards, and BMP implementation
plan
• Adopt as an amendment to area-wide water quality
management plan
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Stormwater Management for
New Development
• Flood control – same as existing, must
reduce peak flow of 2, 10 and 100-year storm to
50%, 75% and 80% of pre-existing condition
• Quality – Must decrease post-development
total suspended solids load by 80%
• Infiltration – Must recharge 100% of the
volume recharged prior to the site’s
development, provisions included for
redevelopment
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Groundwater Recharge
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• Groundwater recharge: infiltrated water
that is not evapotranspired
• Maintain existing (100%) average annual
groundwater recharge OR…..
• Infiltrate the increase in the 2-year storm
• Groundwater shall not be recharged in
areas with high pollutant loading
• Waiver available for urban redevelopment
Groundwater Recharge
• Computational Methodology Developed
by NJDEP with Joe Skupien, NJGS,
and USGS
• Simplified and Refined by Kaveh
Zomorodi - Dewberry & Davis
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Water Quality
• Reduce Post-construction TSS Load by
80%
– TSS Removal Rates Based on BMP Manual
• Reduce nutrients to the maximum extent
feasible
– Minimize nutrient input
– Select BMP for optimum nutrient removal
– Design BMP so nutrients are not imported
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Summary of New
Regulations
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• Improved controls for management of
runoff from new developments
• Promotion of recharge and NPS control
• Issuance of Phase II NJDES general
permits to regulated entities, RFA
requirements of municipalities
• Municipal and Regional SWM Planning
• Additional protection for high quality
waters
Thank You!
Questions?
Stephen J. Souza, Ph.D.
Princeton Hydro, LLC
1108 Old York Rd, Suite 1
P.O. Box 720
Ringoes, NJ 08551
908-237-5660
[email protected]
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