Unit 1: The Sentence and The Paragraphs
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Transcript Unit 1: The Sentence and The Paragraphs
WRITING 1
L e c t u re r : T R Ầ N T H Ị N H À N
C l a s s : 1 2 C TA 1
Te x t b o o k :
E f f e c t i v e A c a d e m i c Wr i t i n g 1
Alice Savage
Masoud Shafiei
Unit 1: The Sentence and The Paragraphs
I. Rhetorical focus:
1. Paragraph organization
2. Formatting a paragraph
3. Unity and coherence in a paragraphs
II. Language focus:
1. Simple structure
2. Capitalization and end punctuation
3. Fragments and run – on sentences
I. Rhetorical focus:
The Paragraph
A paragraph is a group of sentences about a topic.
1. Paragraph organization
Topic sentence:
First or second sentence
Introduce the topic
Explain what the writer will say about = Controlling Idea
Ex:
My friend is an honest person.
Topic
Controlling idea
Supporting Sentence
Add information about the topic and controlling idea with:
Definitions
Explanations
Examples
Concluding sentence
Final sentence
Restates the main idea
Also include:
Warn the reader
Make prediction
Give an opinion about the topic
2. Formating a paragraph
Margins on the right and left ( 1 inch from the edge)
Spacing ( double space)
Indenting the first sentence
Connected sentences
Title ( 1 word or a group of words)
3. Unity
All the sentences support a single idea.
Coherence
Supporting details are organized logically
Use:
Time
Space
Order of important
Unit 2: Descriptive Paragraphs
Descriptive Organization
A descriptive paragraph describes a person, place,or
thing so that the reader can picture in in his or her mind.
Descriptive Organization
Topic sentence:
Introduce the item
Writer’s general feeling or opinion about the item
also
Ex:
My special treasure is a picture of my mother on her fifteenth birthday.
Descriptive Organization
Supporting Sentences:
Give some background information
Descriptive details: how the item looks, smells, feels,
or taste.
How the writer feels about the items
Descriptive Organization
Concluding Sentence
Restate the idea in the topic sentence using different words
Examples:
Topic sentence:
My special treasure is a picture of my mother on her fifteenth birthday.
Concluding sentence:
This picture of my mother is most valuable possession.
Unit 3: Example Paragraphs
An example paragraph gives examples to support the
topic.
Topic Sentence
Introduce the topic
Also include the controlling idea
My mother is an a good neighbor.
Topic
Controlling idea
Supporting Sentences
Middle sentences give examples to support the
controlling idea.
These examples give clear picture of the writer’s
specific meaning.
Supporting Sentences
(Effective Examples)
Using examples as Supporting Details:
Effective Examples:
Specific
Related to the controlling idea
Examples:
She always invites people from our neighborhood over for dinner.
Every year she hosts a back-t0-school party for the children on our block.
Supporting Sentences
(Effective Examples)
An example often begins with the phrases:
For example, For instance followed by a comma, or
semicolon to connect.
Examples:
He likes to play in shape. For example, he runs six miles everyday.
Our teacher is entertaining; for instance, sometimes he uses puppets to teach
Concluding Sentence
Restate the topic and what the writer has said about
Unit 4: Process Paragraphs
A process paragraph describes the steps necessary to
perform a process or a task.
Process Paragraph
Topic sentence: Introduce the process
Supporting Sentences:
Describe a sequence of steps with detail information
Also give background details or explain why it is
useful
Also include the tools needed for the task
Concluding Sentence:
Restate the topic
Also include suggestion or warning