Transcript Psychoanalytic Therapy

Family Systems
Therapy
Dr. Alfred Adler
Dr. Murray Bowen
Dr. Virginia Satir
Dr. Carl Whitaker
Dr. Salvador Minuchin
Dr. Jay Haley
Dr. Cloe’ Madanes (Haley)
Basic Assumption
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Serve a purpose for the family
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Be a function of the family’s
inability to operate productively
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Conflict
The Cause
Be handed down across
generations
Primary Goal of Therapy
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To bring about change in the
family system, which is
assumed to produce change in
the individual members of that
family unit…
Adlerian Family Therapy
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Basic Assumption: Both parents
and children become stuck in
repetitive negative interactions,
which become motivators for the
type of behavior displayed by the
entire family…
EX: Arguing, Tobacco & Alcohol
Use, Trouble with authority, etc…
Family Power & Authority
Decision
Maker
Decision
Maker
1
F
F
P
2
TYPICAL
3
2
P
1
2
3
DYSFUNCTIONAL
Role of Therapist
The role of the therapist is that of a
“Collaborator” who actually seeks
to join the family unit…
Goals of Adlerian Family Therapy
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Unlock mistaken goals and interactional
patterns
Engage parents in a learning experience
and joint assessment
 Of

the family
Place emphasis on the family’s
motivational patterns
 What

makes them tick
To initiate a reorientation of the family
 Teach
them new ways
Multi-Generational Family
Therapy: Murray Bowen
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Bowen the original developer of
mainstream family therapy
A family can be best understood
when it is analyzed from at least a
three-generational perspective…
Basic Concept of Differentiation
of Self & Triangulation

 The
psychological separation of
intellect and emotion and
independence of self from others
Central
To
Therapy
Model
Differentiation of Self

Triangulation
 Eliciting
the support of a third
party to lessen emotional tension
between other family members
Multi-Generational Goals

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To change the individuals within the system
To end generation-to-generation
transmission of problems by resolving
emotional attachment
To lessen anxiety and relieve symptoms
To increase the individual member’s level of
differentiation
Human Validation Process
Model: Virginia Satir
The model is called: “Con-Joint Family Therapy”

Her approach emphasizes:
Communication
 Emotional Experiencing
 And, stresses the involvement of the
therapist with a family

Validation Process
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Enhancement and validation of self-esteem
Family Rules
Congruence and openness in communication
Sculpting
Nurturing Triads
Family Mapping and Chronologies
Goals of Conjoint Therapy
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Open Communication
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Enhancement of Self-Esteem
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Family decisions are based on individual
needs
Encouragement of Growth

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Individuals are allowed to honestly report their
perceptions
Differences are acknowledged
Transforming extreme rules into useful and
functional rules

Families have many spoken and unspoken
rules
Experiential Family Therapy:
Carl Whitaker
This approach stresses:
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Choice
Freedom
Self-Determination
Growth
Self-Actualization
Therapist Emphasis

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Unmask pretense, create new
meaning, and liberate family
members
Techniques are secondary
Creates family turmoil
Phases of Family Therapy
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Engagement
Involvement
Disentanglement
Goals of Experiential Family
Therapy
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Individual autonomy
Achieve more intimacy
Encourage free expression
Promote spontaneity, creativity, the
ability to play, and the willingness
to be “Crazy”
Structural Family Therapy:
Salvador Minuchin
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An approach to understanding the
nature of the family, the presenting
problem, and the process of
change…
An approach that stresses action
over insight…
Family Structure
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Basic Family
Family Sub-Systems
Spousal sub-system
 Mother/father sub-system
 Sibling sub-system
 Extended family sub-system
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Strategic Family
Therapy: Jay Haley
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Focus is on solving problems in the
present
Therapy is brief
Therapist designs strategies
Change results when family follows
therapist directions
Goals of Therapy
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Resolve presenting problem
Change Behavior
Shift family organization
Move family toward an appropriate
stage of development