Transcript Geen diatitel

Good Agricultural Practices
- EUREPGAP
Inge Neessen
16 May 2005
© Q-Point BV
The Program
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Background and overview
Good Agricultural Practice-Verification
Who is working with GAP?
Current situation
Future development
Verification-process options
Requirements
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EUREPGAP
1.Traceability
2.Record keeping
3.Varieties and rootstocks
4.Site history and management
GAP
5.Soil and substrate
management
6.Fertiliser use
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7. Irrigation/fertigation
8. Crop protection
9. Harvesting
10. Produce handling
11. Waste and pollution man.
12. Worker health and safety
13. Environmental issues
14. Complaint form
Reasons for EUREPGAP?
• Consumers Conscience increases:
– Food safety
– Environment
– Welfare of the employess
• Increasing demand for process control
– Product liability
– Due diligence
• Unregulated growth of quality-systems
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Reasons for EUREPGAP
Forces for Change:
• Food scares (BSE, dioxin, residues)
• Concerns on GMO
• Consumer Evironmental Awareness
• Pressure / Lobby groups
• Media
• Environmental / Food Safety
Legislation
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What do retailers want from
producers?
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Transparency!!
Insight in production process
Traceability
Product liability
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Relation between systems
Grower
Packer
Exporter
Importer
EUREP-
BRC
GAP
IFS
HACCP
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Wholesaler Supermarket
HACCP
EUREP
• Euro-Retailer Working Group on Fresh
Produce
• Started in 1997
• Represents leading food retailers,
(now 32)
• Launch of EUREPGAP in 1999 in Paris
• 2001: Foodplus = global body
(owner of document and secretariat)
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What is EUREPGAP?
Good Agricultural Practice:
• Framework with minimum standards for
horticultural products
• EUREPGAP is an accredited set of
normative documents for international
certification.
• The documents are developed by
representatives from all stages of the food
chain world-wide.
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Scope and
history of
Farm Production
“Pre-Farm Gate”
• Development since 1997
Implementation since 2001
NOT Packing/Processing
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Fresh Fruits & Vegetables
• Development since 2001
Flowers and Ornamentals
Implementation beginning 2003
• Development since 2000
Livestock (cattle, lamb, pig,
Implementation beginning 2003
poultry, dairy)
• Development since 2001
Feed and Combinable Crops
Implementation beginning 2003
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EUREP retail members
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Supplier Members
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Adviesgroep
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Supplier members
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Achievements Fruit and Vegetables
• More than 12.000 growers, more than 350.000
ha certified (more than 60 countries)
• 32 Retail members individually committed
• Over 120 supplier members
• 80 Certification Bodies approved
• 5 schemes approved by benchmarking
• EurepGAP database
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EUREPGAP-guidelines
– 3 levels: major must, minor must,
recommendation
– Based on national legislation
– Food safety, sustainability, worker
welfare and environment
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Who is working with GAP?
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Primary Producers
Retailers
Grower-associations
Traders-organisations
Trade (import/export)
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Who is who?
• EUREPGAP Members
• EUREPGAP Council
– 30 members, wide representation: NGO’s,
Consumer organisations, suppliers, retailers,
FAO, Certifiers, accreditors
• EUREPGAP Board
– 3 retailers, 3 suppliers, independent chairperson
• Technical Standards Committees
– 8 members – 3 retail, 3 suppliers, 1 “science”, 1
certifier * Fruit and Vegetables * IFA
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Who does what to who?
• EUREPGAP (Food Plus):
Licenses use of EUREPGAP Standard and
EUREPGAP name
• Certification Body:
Certifies growers against EUREPGAP
Standard
• Growers
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Who does what to who?
EUREPGAP
Licenses use of EUREPGAP Standard and
EUREPGAP name
Certification Body
– Accreditation body (e.g. RvA)
– Approves competency of certification Body (to
EN45001 or ISO Guide 65)
Certifies growers against EUREPGAP
Standard
Growers
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EUREPGAP licence /
certificate options
a. Option 1: Individual grower/farmer
b. Option 2: Groups
c. Option 3: National
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Option 1 – Individual grower
applying for EUREPGAP
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Certified by approved Certification
Body
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Certificate issue
Certificate suspension and withdrawel
Annual inspection
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1 announced per annum (minumum)
10% unannounced random audits or
inspection
Option 1 – Individual grower
applying for EUREPGAP
• Individual inspector and auditor
qualification
• EUREPGAP Farm inspection report
format
• Reporting in English
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Option 2 – Produce Marketing
Organisation (PMO) or Grower
Organisation applying for EUREPGAP
• Approved Certification Body: complies
with EN 45011/ISO Guide 65
• PMO has a written control and
procedures manual
• Registered farms under the same
system
• All farms are audited either internally or
by external auditor
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Option 2 – Produce Marketing
Organisation (PMO) or Grower
Organisation applying for EUREPGAP
• Internal audit includes all control points
of EUREPGAP each year
• Certification Body verification
– Annual System check
– Shadow audit of internal inspectors
(Square Root of number)
– Audit of Growers – IAF guidance
– 10% unannounced audits
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Option 3 – National or
company scheme
• Benchmarking with EUREPGAP
– Scheme not owned by the CB
– Scheme owned by the CB, benchmarking
by third CB
– CB accredited to EN 45011 or ISO Guide
65
• Written control and procedures manual
• All registered farms under the same
system
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Option 3 – National or
company scheme
• CB verification
– Annual Scheme audits of each farm
– Sample size according to IAF guidance of
number of registered farms by the CB
• Including 10% unannounced inspections
– PMO or GO management system checked
as in option 2
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Recording/documents
• Pesticide and fertilizer use
• List of pesticides and MRL’s of country
where product wil be exported to
• Complaints
• Annually self audit of EUREPGAP list
• Map of facilities and greenhouse
• Signed hygiene instructions
• Emergency procedures
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Pictograms
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Documentation of suppliers
• Propagation material (plant health
certificate)
• GMO-free declaration of seeds
• Seed quality
• Knowledge of advisers on crop protection
and fertilizers
• Water quality analysis
• Clean produce containers
• Substrates (recycling and product
information)
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EUREPGAP chapters
• 1. Traceability
• 2. Record keeping and
internal self-inspection
• 3. Varieties and
rootstocks
• 4. Site history and
site management
• 5. Soil and substrate
management
• 6. Fertiliser use
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7. Irrigation/fertigation
8. Crop protection
9. Harvesting
10. Produce handling
11. Waste and pollution
management, recycling and
re-use
• 12. Worker health, safety
and welfare
• 13. Environmental issues
• 14. Complaint form
1. Traceability
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Products must be traceable back to
the farm (receipts, labels with name
and codes etc)
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Tracking & Tracing
Downstream Tracing
Growers
Trader
Foodprocessor
Distribution Centre
Retailer
Upstream Tracing
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Case - discussion
• What is the current status traceability at
producers at this moment?
• How would you handle this in Bulgaria?
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2. Record keeping and
internal audit
• Minimum 2 years
• Annual self inspection
• Registation of crop protection, fertiliser,
cleaning, maintenance etc
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Case - discussion
• How is the current situation of
registration at farmer/grower level? So
what is registered already now?
• How would you handle this in Bulgaria?
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3. Varietes and Rootstock
1. Choice of variety and Rootstock
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Effective crop husbandry in relation to
‘mother crops’
Specific requirements of customers
2. Seed quality
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Seed certification
3. Varieties and Rootstock
3. Pest and disease
Resistance/Tolerance
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Susceptibility to pests and diseases
4. Seed treatments and dressing
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Justification of treatments
3. Varieties and Rootstock
5. Nursery stock
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Approved health certificate
Health quality control system in-house
propagation
Crop protection registration when inhouse propagation
6. Genetically Modified Organisms
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Follow regulations
Inform customers
Case - discussion
• Are there enough reliable suppliers?
• Is there enough choice in varieties and
high quality?
• How is Quality Control arranged on
nursery stock and seeds (plant health)?
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4. Site History and Site
management
1. Site History
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Record system per production unit
Visual identification system
Risk assessment new location
Management plan by risk assessement
2. Rotations
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Proven rotation systems
Case - discussion
• Do farmers/growers consider the soil
history and perform risk assessment on
it?
• Are the labs accredited and employed
with qualified employees?
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5. Soil and substrate
management
1. Soil mapping
2. Cultivation
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Improve and maintain soil structure
3. Soil erosion
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5. Soil and substrate management
4. Soil fumigation
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Exploit alternatives
5. Substrates
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Inert: recycling
Non-inert: demonstrate suitability
Case - discussion
• Are there good laboratory’s that can
perform analysis on soil (elements)?
• How is the soil structure?
• Are substrates used
(rockwool/cocos/peat etc)?
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6. Fertiliser usage
1. Advice on quantity and type of
fertiliser
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Demonstrate competence and
knowledge of technical responsible
person
2. Records of application
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Location, date, type of fertiliser, amount,
method of use, operator name
Up to date stock inventory (every 3
months)
6. Fertiliser usage
3. Application machinery
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Suitable for land in question
4. Fertiliser storage
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Not with crop protection chemicals
Not with nursery stock or fresh produce
No risk of contamination of water
sources
Stored in a covered clean an dry area
5. Organic manure
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No raw untreated human sewage sludge
Analysis recommended
Case - discussion
• And are consultancy companies
available on good advise on use of
fertilisers?
• Is the application machinery in good
state of repair?
• Are storage facilities appropriate?
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7. Irrigation
1. Predicting requirement
2. Method
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Most efficient and commercially practical
3. Quality of water
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No sewage water
4. Supply of irrigation water
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Sustainable sources
Risk analyses of used water
Case - discussion
• What water sources are used?
• Are the water sources safe (no
residues of heavy metals,
microbiological organism or other
contamination)?
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8. Crop Protection
1. Basic elements
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IPM, minimum environmental impact
2. Choice of chemicals
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Selective products
Officially registered and not banned in EU
Responsible person must have certificate or
training
3. Records of application
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Cropname and variety, location, date, product
trade name and active ingredient(s), operator
name, justification, technical authorisation,
quantity , machinery used and pre-harvest
interval
8. Crop Protection
4. Pre-harvest interval
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Single harvested products
Continuously harvested products
5. Spray equipment
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Suitable
When mixing, follow label instructions
Local regulations + minimum
requirements
Product inventory documented and
readily available
8. Crop Protection
6. Disposal of surplus spray mix
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Prevent with proper calculation
Surplus on untreated part fallow land
7. Residue analysis
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Evidence must be available
Frequency based on risk analysis
Farmer must be aware of the MRL
restrictions in the country(ies) where the
EUREPGAP registered product(s) is
intended to be traded
8. Crop Protection
8. Storage
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Local regulations + minimum
requirements
9. Empty regulations + minimum
requirements
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NO re-use
10. Obsolete pesticides
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Appropriate (waste contractor)
Enverionmentally sound
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Case - discussion
• Is integrated pest management know?
• Are there good consultants in this field?
• Is the label information observed (quantities,
response time, method of application etc)?
• What kind of application machinery is used?
• Are there appropriate protective clothing available
and used?
• Is the crop protection storage in accordance with the
requirements?
• Are there obligatory courses on spraying (license)?
• Are there accredited labs for residu-analysis?
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9. Harvesting
1. Hygiene
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Hygiene risk analysis been performed for
the harvest and pre-farm gate transport
process and implemented?
Basic hygiene instructions
Clean handwash facilities and toilet
2. Packaging
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Avoid contamination
Clean
3. Produce packed at point of harvest
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Case - discussion
• Are there basic hygiene instructions?
• Are there appropriate facilities for toilet
and hand washing?
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10. Produce handling
1. Hygiene
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Hygiene risk analysis been performed for
the produce handling process and
implemented
Post-harvest washing
2. Washing
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Potable water
3. Post-harvest treatments
4. On farm facility for produce
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Case - discussion
• Are there a lot of producers who pack
there products?
• How is grading done?
• Are there quality regulations for fresh
produce (class, size, weight, damage
etc)?
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Hygiene rules for staff
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Clear away material and product waste immediately.
Cover wounds.
Put on clean work clothing before starting work.
Ensure good personal hygiene.
Do not smoke, eat or drink in areas where the product is
present.
Wear as little jewellery as possible.
Keep nails short and unvarnished or wear gloves.
Wear long hair tied back.
Wash hands with soap after each toilet visit and before
starting work.
Notify a contagious disease to your supervisor.
People with infections, open wounds or skin diseases on
head, neck, arms or hands must not come into contact with
the fruits and vegetables.
Take joint responsibility for a healthy and safe product
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11. Waste and pollution
management recycling
and re-use
1. Identification
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All possible waste products
All possible sources of pollution
2. Action plan
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How to avoid and reduce waste and
pollution
Case - discussion
• How is collection of waste arranged?
• Are there any recycling systems?
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12. Worker health, safety and
welfare
1. Risk assessments
2. Training
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Using agro chemicals
Dangerous or complex equipment
3. Facilities and equipment
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First aid boxes on permanent sites and
fieldwork
12. Worker health, safety and
welfare
4. Pesticide handling
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Annual health checks recommended
5. Protective clothing/equipment
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12. Worker health, safety and
welfare
6. Welfare
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Comply with local regulations
Consult customers on specific company
policies
Living quarters are habitable and have
basic services and facilities
7. Visitors safety
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12. Worker health, safety and
welfare
Hygiene rules for visitors:
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Check in with the farmer.
Phone:…………………………
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Wear clean clothing or an overcoat.
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Do not smoke.
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Do not eat or drink in production rooms.
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Avoid contact with the product.
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No pet animals allowed.
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Thank you for your co-operation
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Case - discussion
• Are the facilities and working
circumstances on the farm safe?
• Is attention paid to the occupational
health while working with chemicals or
machinery?
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13. Environmental issues
1. Impact of farming on the environment
2. Wildlife and conservation policy
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Enhancement of bio-diversity
Regional or individual activity
3. Unproductive sites
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Conversion to conservation areas
(consideration)
Case - discussion
• Is there enough understandig on the
environmental impact of the farming
and growing techiques?
• Is the environmental impact minimised
to an acceptabel level?
• Is there enough education on these
aspects?
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14. Complaint Form
1. Complaint document available
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Benefits of EUREPGAP for
growers
• The European standard for Fruit &
Vegetables
• Market driven
• EUREPGAP: license to deliver for
many EU supermarkets
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Certification
• Valid for 1 year
• By accredited Certification Body
(Foodplus website)
• Timing: product or plants available
(harvest interval can be checked)
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Implications for growers
• Recording and documentation
• EUREPGAP: will be license to deliver
for many EU supermarkets
• Growers do not get higher price for the
products!!
• Costs of compliance: 500 euro/year
certification costs, excluding
implementation costs
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Experiences with
EUREPGAP
Bottlenecks:
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Surplus value?
Interpretation
Paperwork
To meet 100% of major musts all the time
Difficult topics like
– residues
– hygiene
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Experience Q-Point with
implementing EUREPGAP
• Implementation of EurepGap > 1.450 producers (In NL > 3000
producers);
• Auditing/certification of EurepGap > 300 (for ECAS BV);
• Technical support to Albert Heijn for development of EurepGap
standards;
• Benchmarking EurepGap standards with national standards as
Florimark, MPS, IKB, VVA etc;
• Training EurepGap for producers, processors, retailers (The
Netherlands, Albania, Estonia, Macedonia, Poland, Romania,
Serbia);
• Training EurepGap for auditors (Macedonia, Albania);
• International conferences on EurepGap;
• Member of Dutch EurepGap platform;
• Associate member of EurepGap;
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Conclusions
• Certification of growers ongoing trend
(consumer’s concerns)
• Supermarkets require EUREPGAP per
1-1-2004
• EUREPGAP expected to be the most
important and widely supported food
safety scheme in Europe
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Internet adresses
• www.eurep.org
• www.foodplus.org (EUREPGAP)
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More Information
Q-Point B.V.
PO Box 38
2670 AA Naaldwijk, The Netherlands
Phone: 0031-174-282888
Fax: 0031-317-491441
[email protected]
Inge Neessen
Phone: 0031-620496860
Email: [email protected]
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