Transcript INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR …

INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
FOR DEVELOPMENT:
PROMOTING COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN PEOPLE AND NATIONS
SIDA, STOCKHOLM
MAY 5TH 2000
IMPACT OF ICTs ON DEVELOPMENT
IN SRI LANKA:
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
PROF. V. K. SAMARANAYAKE
CHAIRMAN, COUNCIL FOR INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (CINTEC)
& DIRECTOR, INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY,
UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO, SRI LANKA
SRI LANKA AT A GLANCE
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AREA:
LOCATION
POPULATION:
ADULT LITERACY:
GDP (per capita):
LIFE EXPECTANCY
INFANT MORTALITY
LANGUAGES:
ETHNIC GROUPS:
65,610 sq.km
80E 7 N
18.5 million(1997)
91.8%
US$760
72.5 years
17 per 1000 /live births
SINHALESE, TAMIL, ENGLISH
– Sinhalese 74.0% Tamils 18.1% Moors 7.1% Others 0.8%
• RELIGIOUS GROUPS:
– Buddhists 69.3% Hindus 15.5% Muslims 7.5%
– Christians 7.6% Others 0.1%
SRI LANKA - THE PAST
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RECORDED HISTORY
VARIOUS INDIAN INVASIONS
PORTUGESE INVASION
DUTCH INVATION
BRITISH RULE ALL CEYLON
INDEPENDENCE
REPUBLIC
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543 BC
1500
1600
1815
1948
1972
THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
OF THE PAST
• EMPHASIS ON KNOWLEDGE
– PIRIVENA (TEMPLE) CENTRED LEARNING
• SEATS OF LEARNING
– MAHAVIHARA(200BC), ALUVIHARE
• ANCIENT TECHNOLOGY
– MIHINTALE HOSPITAL INCL SURGERY (400BC-1000AD)
– IRRIGATION WORKS, LOW GRADIENT CANAL (YODA
ELA), MADURU OYA DAM
– SIGIRIYA ( 500AD)
– BLACKSMITHS AT KOTMALE(1200AD-1500AD)
ICTs IN THE PAST
• COMPUTERS
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INSURANCE, ENGINEERING, ACCOUNTING
CENSUS OF 1971
BANKS
UNIVERSITI ES (1967)
SCHOOLS (1983)
• COMMUNICATIONS
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TELEPHONE
RADIO
TV (COLOUR - 1981)
CELLULAR ( 1985 )
WLL ( 1998)
INTERNET
– E-MAIL (1993)
– LEARN UNIVERSITY NETWORK (1995)
– FIRST ISP (1995)
ICTs FOR DEVELOPMENT - THE PAST
• DISTRICT COMPUTERISATION
– PENSION PAYMENTS
– DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
– INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT
• ELECTION RESULTS
• BANKS
• EDI
– MARINET AT PORT OF COLOMBO
• STD CODE FOR SINHALA/TAMIL
– ISO 10646, KEYBOARD, GLOSSARY
• REVENUE COLLECTION
– ELECTRICITY, WATER, TELEPHONE, RATES,TAXES
MAJOR IT EVENTS
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FIRST COMPUTER INSTALLATION
COMPUTING TAUGHT AT UNIVERSITIES
BANKS INTRODUCE COMPUTERS
LUMP SUM DEPRECIATION FOR COMPUTERS
MICROCOMPUTERS IN EDUCATION
COMPUTERS USED FOR ELECTIONS
CINTEC ESTB.
COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPTS IN UNIVERSITIES
INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY ESTB.
IT LAW COMMITTEE
ACADEMIC NETWORK LEARN
EVIDENCE ( SP. PROV.) ACT
INTERNET INTRODUCED ON A COMMERCIAL BASIS
NATIONAL EDI COMMITTEE
IT LAW CENTRE
SL TELECOM PRIVATISED
DUTY AND TT REMOVED
IT YEAR
1964
1967
1970
1977
1980
1982
1984
1985
1987
1986
1990
1995
1995
1996
1997
1997
1997
1998
THE MOBILE UNIT -ESTB. 1987
CREATING IT AWARENESS TO THE “VEDDA” CHIEFTAN
USE OF IT IN LOCAL LANGUAGES
• ISO 10646 / UNICODE STD FOR SINHALA &
TAMIL
• MULTI LINGUAL WEB SITES
• LOCAL LANGUAGE NEWSPAPERS ON
INTERNET
• E-MAIL AND PAGING IN SINHALA/TAMIL
• WINDOWS COMPATIBLE MULTI LINGUAL PC
PACKAGES
• R & D IN NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
THE IT INDUSTRY
• LOCAL DEVELOPMENT OF S/W
– TRILINGUAL PRODUCTS
• PARTNERSHIPS
– STOCK MARKET AUTOMATION
• BODY SHOPPING
– US, UK, EUROPE, SINGAPORE
• OUTSOURCING
– S/W DEVELOPERS FROM US AND EUROPE ( e.g. IFS)
– SOUTH ASIANS ARE CONSIDERED CREATIVE - AN
APTITUDE MOST SUITED FOR THE IT INDUSTRY
COMMUNICATIONS
• SRI LANKA TELECOM PRIVATISED WITH 35% SHARE
SOLD TO NTT OF JAPAN IN 1997
• TWO PRIVATE WLL PROVIDERS
• FOUR CELLULAR SERVICES
• FIVE PAGING SERVICES
• FIVE PAY PHONE OPERATORS
• NINE DATA COM SERVICES
• ONE MOBILE TRUNCKING OPERATOR
• SE-ME-WEE II & III AND SATELLITE LINKS
• 20 ISPs SO FAR
• SLT MONOPOLY ONLY ON INTL. VOICE TILL 2002
INTERNET
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LEARN ACADEMIC NETWORK
20 ISPs , 25,000 CONNECTIONS
CINTEC ACTS AS DOMAIN NAME REGISTRY FOR .lk
ISP ASSOCIATION TO ESTABLISH INTERNET SWITCH
E-MAIL & WEB SITES IN LOCAL LANGUAGES
CINTEC MAINTAINS NATIONAL WEB SITE
INTERNET ON THE RADIO & TV
COMMUNITY RADIO & TELE CENTRES WITH INTERNET
LIVE ELECTION RESULTS ON INTERNET & TV
SIMULTANEOUSLY
• EXTENSIVE USE OF MULTI MEDIA
THE NATIONAL PORTAL - WWW.LK
RADIO & TV PROGRAMS
NATIONAL ELECTION RESULTS (TRILINGUAL) LIVE TO TV & INTERNET
INTERNET FOR COMMUNITY RADIO WWW.KIRANA.LK
AN EXAMPLE OF A NATIONAL
INTEGRATED PEOPLE DATABASE
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DATA INPUT AT BIRTH REGISTRATION
ISSUE OF NIC NUMBER AT BIRTH
ISSUE OF NIC AT 16
RECORD OF MARRIAGE,DIVORCE
ISSUE OF PASSPORT
RECORD OF DEATH
OTHER USES INCLUDE HEALTH,
EDUCATION ETC.
LEGAL INFRASTRUCTURE
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IT BASED EVIDENCE (1995)
COMPUTER CRIME (2000)
DATA PROTECTION
IPR (1978, 2000)
ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE/CA (2000)
AWARENESS AMONG LEGAL
PROFESSION
HUMAN RESOURCES
• TRADITION OF HIGH PRIORITY FOR
EDUCATION
• AVAILABILITY OF TALENT AS SHOWN BY
PERFORMANCES AT COMPETITIONS
• MIS -MATCH OF MANPOWER NEEDS & SUPPLY
• SKILLS CERTIFICATION
• CONVERSION OF GRADUATES FROM OTHER
DISCIPLINES
• NEW JOB CLASSIFICATION
• LOW SALARIES OF TRAINERS
• NATIONAL PLAN FOR HRD IN IT
INFORMATICS OLYMPIADS
• INTRERNATIONAL OLYMPIAD IN INFORMATICS
(IOI)
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– 1992
FIRST YEAR OF PARTICIPATION
– 1993
ONE BRONZE
– 1994
ONE SILVER
– 1995
ONE GOLD, ONE SILVER
– 1996
ONE BRONZE
– 1997
ONE SILVER, ONE BRONZE
– 1998
ONE BRONZE
– 1999
ONE BRONZE
SRI LANKA NATIONAL OLYMPIAD IN INFORMATICS (SLNOI)
– INAUGURATED IN 1998
IT IN UNIVERSITIES
• 13 STATE UNIVERSITIES, 8 INSTITUTES, 2
PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
• B.SC/B.ENG SP. DEGREES IN 4
• PG COURSES IN 2 & ICT
• EXTERNAL DEGREE (BIT)
• LEARN ACADEMIC NETWORK
• SRI LANKA INTER UNIVERSITY
COMMITTEE ON COMPUTING
• R & D AND CONSULTANCY
• TRAINING OF TRAINERS
• THIRD COUNTRY TRAINING PROGRAM
THE LEARN NETWORK
• ESTABLISHED IN LATE EIGHTIES FOR EMAIL
• INTERNET CONNECTIVITY IN 1995
• MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
• SERVICES ALL UNIVERSITIES AND SOME
R&D INSTITUTES
• UNIVERSITIES PAY FOR SERVICE
• SLT PROVIDES INTL. CONNECTIVITY
• SUNTEL & SLT PROVIDE LOCAL
CONNECTIVITY (2MB & 128K)
EXPLOITING IT FOR NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
• THE USE OF IT FOR EFFICIENT ADMINISTRATION AND
MANAGEMENT
• THE USE OF IT FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN
FINANCE, TRADE AND COMMERCE
• THE CAPTURE OF PART OF THE GLOBAL SOFTWARE AND
IT SERVICES MARKET
• THE USE OF IT IN PROVIDING INFORMATION ON THE
COUNTRY AND ITS CULTURE TO THE WORLD AT LARGE
AND AS A TOOL FOR THE ACQUISITION OF
INFORMATION BY ALL SECTORS OF THE POPULATION
• CREATION OF AWARENESS AND AN IT CULTURE
• THE USE OF IT IN ALL OTHER ASPECTS OF THE
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EFFORT
1998 - THE YEAR OF IT
IT 2000 +
MESSAGE OF H.E.THE PRESIDENT
“The Government of Sri Lanka has identified IT as one of the major
thrust areas in our development plan. Information Technology is
essential for all our development goals such as
* good governance,
* efficient services,
* increased productivity and
competitiveness in
international trade and commerce,
* facing up to the challenges of
globalisation,
* development of Sri Lanka as a
commercial hub for the region,
* increased value addition to our
exports and
* the general improvement of the
quality of life of our people”
E-COMMERCE/BUSINESS
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NATIONAL EDI COMMITTEE
MEMBER OF CEFACT/AFACT
SRI LANKA EDI NETWORK SERVICES LTD.
E-COMMERCE ACTIVITIES
CINTEC INITIATIVE FOR
– CERTIFICATION AUTHORITIES
– DIGITAL SIGNATURE ACT
– SECURITY CONCERNS
• PROMOTION OF USE OF E-C BY SME’S
E-GOVERNMENT
• INTERCHANGE OF INFORMATION
• USE OF LOCAL LANGUAGES
• TRANSPARENCY THROUGH
AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION
• DISSEMINATION
• WEB BASED PROVISION OF
INFORMATION
• MTC BASED ACCESS TO INFORMATION
E-EDUCATION
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IT IN EDUCATION
IT EDUCATION
IT AS A FACILITATOR FOR LEARNING
WEB BASED LEARNING
TELECONFERENCING
DISTANCE LEARNING
INTERACTIVE MULTI MEDIA
LOCAL CONTENT
ICT’S FOR SOCIETY
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NON FORMAL DISTANCE EDUCATION
INFORMATION ACCESS BOTH WAYS
CONTENT CREATION
MARKET INFORMATION
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
TELE MEDICINE
AWARENESS OF DEVELOPMENT
INITIATIVES
• LOW COST COMMUNICATION SERVICES
ICTs FOR R&D
• ACCESS TO R&D LITERATURE
• PEER CONTACT VIA THE INTERNET
• DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY FACILITATING
DATA CAPTURE & PROCESSING
• SHARING OF FINDINGS GLOBALLY
• EXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCES
• FACILITATES JOINT R&D BETWEEN
REMOTE PARTNERS
THE NEEDS
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HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOP LOCAL EXPERTISE
LEGAL INFRASTRUCTURE
COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE
THE THREE C’S
– COORDINATION
– COLLABORATION
– COOPERATION
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ATTITUDINAL CHANGE
INVESTMENT
IPR VS AFFORDABLE COSTS
EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE
• BUILD ON EXISTING SUCCESS STORIES
STATE ASSISTANCE
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FREE EDUCATION UPTO UNIVERSITY
FREE HEALTH SERVICES
FREE SCHOOL BOOKS & UNIFORMS
NO TAX ON PUBLIC SERVANTS
POVERTY ALEVIATION PROGRAMS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
DECENTRALISED BUDGET FOR
DEVELOPMENT
• PRIORITY FOR IT
EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE
• PROJECT BASED DEVELOPMENT
ASSISTANCE FROM MANY INTL &
NATIONAL AGENCIES
• THIRD COUNTRY TRAINING PROGRAMS
• SUSTAINABILITY AFTER COMPLETION?
• INTEGRATION & LOCAL EXPERTISE
– NEED FOR USE OF IT
– NEED TO STENGTHEN LOCAL EXPERTISE
– RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT?
SIDA INITIATIVES
• UPPSALA PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY
PROJECTS
• ASSISTANCE TO MAHAVELI PROJECT
• SAREC RESEARCH PROJECTS/GRANTS
• GRANTS TO NARESA/NSF
• SIDA-IT PROJECT
• REPUTATION FOR GENUINE SUPPORT
THE SIDA-IT PROJECT
• SPLIT Ph.D.’s IN IT ( 8 FROM 4 SL
UNIVERSITIES LINKED TO 4 SWEDISH
UNIVERSITIES)
• DEVELOP ELECTRONIC
INFRASTRUCTURE IN 3 UNIVERSITIES,
1 RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND LEARN
ACADEMIC NETWORK
www.dsv.su.se/~gds/SidaIThomepage.htm
www.dsv.su.se/~gds/SidaIThomepage.htm
SIDA-IT SPLIT Ph.D. PROJECT - PARTICIPANTS
STUDENT
SL UNIV.
SW SUPERVISOR
KdeZ
SJP
UOC
SM/SU
UOC/ICT BW/SU
SL SUPERVISOR RESEARCH TOPIC
DNR/UOC
APM/UOC
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SECURITY
REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING & SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING PROCESS MODELS
PJ
KMSL
DEWVN
MALK
MKS
HLP
UOR
UOP
UOM
UOR
UOC
UOC
PJ/SU
ST/CUOT
ST/CUOT
RW/MSU
RW/MSU
BS/HU
GNW/UOC
KL/UOP
HYRP/UPM
DNR/UOC
ARW/UOC
ARW/UOC
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
COMPUTER NETWORKS & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
COMPUTER NETWORKING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
USING NEURAL NETWORK TYECHNIOQUES FOR
IMAGE PROCESSING/FEATURE EXTRACTION
OTHER SWEDISH INITIATIVES
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VOLVO
SKANSKA - KOTMALE MAHAVELI PROJECT
INDUSTRIAL & FINANCIAL SERVICES (IFS)
ERICSSON REGIONAL CENTRE
TELIA (SUNTEL)
THE LIFE ACADEMY
OTHER INITIATIVES
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UNDP
UNESCO
BRITISH COUNCIL
JICA
CIDA
COMMONWEALTH SECRETARIAT
ITU
US AID
WORLD BANK
THE ADVANTAGES
• EMPHASIS ON EDUCATION
• IMPORTANCE OF CREATIVITY &
INNOVATION
• MOVE TOWARDS INTERACTIVE MULTI
MEDIA
• KNOWLEDGE BASED TECHNOLOGY
• RE-EMERGENCE OF TRADITIONAL
VALUES
• COMPETITIVE COSTS
• BENEFITS TO ALL
• ACCEPTANCE OF ROLE OF IT BY ALL
CONCERNS
• GAP BETWEEN HAVE’S & HAVE-NOT’S
• UNEMPLOYMENT IN GENERAL
• UNEMPLOYMENT OF HUNDREDS OF
THOUSANDS “TRAINED” IN IT
• COMPUTER CRIME & FRAUD
• RELATIVELY HIGH COST OF H/W & S/W
• NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF INTERNET ETC.
• DONOR POLICY
THE FUTURE
THE FUTURE
• THE GLOBAL VILLAGE
– THE BANGALORE DECLARATION
• PARTNERSHIPS
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CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE
DONOR RECEPIENT COLLABORATION
THE MODE 2 APPROACH TO R&D
NETWORKING
• KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
– THE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE INITIATIVE
• ACCESS TO INFORMATION FOR ALL
– UNESCO/ITU INITIATIVES
– MULTI PURPOSE TELECENTRES
• GOOD GOVERNANCE
The Bangalore Declaration
on Information Technology for
Developing Countries in the Global Village-1998
Information Technology presents developing
countries with a historic window of opportunity
that enables them to create national wealth and
break the cycle of poverty and dependence they
have been caught in and leverage their wealth of
human resources to finally secure a rightful
place for themselves in the Global Village.
From all perspectives
humanitarian, moral, ecological, economic and
social Information Technology has the potential to
elevate the quality of human life everywhere.
It is imperative that we, the citizens of this
Global Village, seize this historic opportunity.
LET US SHARE OUR KNOWLEDGE,
RESOURCES, CAPABILITIES &
POTENTIAL FOR A TRULY GLOBAL
VILLAGE WHERE WE LIVE IN
PEACE AND HARMONY AS A SINGLE
WORLD COMMUNITY
SOME USEFULL WEB SITES
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www.lk
NATIONAL WEB WINDOW
www.cintec.lk
CINTEC
www.cintec.lk/policy
CINTEC - IT POLICY FORUM
www.ac.lk
LEARN
www.ict.cmb.ac.lk
ICT
www.priu.lk
PRESIDENTIAL RESEARCH & INFN. UNIT
www.kirana.lk
KIRANA COMMUNITY RADIO
www. csa.iisc.ernet.in/bangit/global/index.html
BANGALORE ITCOM
www.globalknowledge.org
THE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE PARTNERSHIP
www.dsv.su.se/~gds/SidaIThomepage.htm SIDA-IT HOME PAGE
www.unesco.org/webworld/future
UNESCO FORUM FOR IIP
THANK YOU
[email protected]