Transcript Slide 1
Fuel Oil Maintenance and Filtration Selection Bob Cade 1 Agenda • • • • • • • • • • • 2 Introduction About diesel fuel Cetane Stabilization and water Fuel Maintenance 3 steps to readiness Filtration, how it works More about additives Testing details Selecting and sizing a maintenance system Conclusion Introduction • Critical Fuel Systems, div of BFS Industries, LLC • Building fuel oil equipment since 1946 • Created CFS to meet the unique needs of the Mission Critical market • Find more at www.criticalfuelsystems.com 3 Diesel Fuel • • • • How to size a system? Diesel fuel or fuel oil? Hydrophilic-fuel & water Refining fuel oil • Catalyst or hydrogen cracking • Stability 4 Diesel Fuel • Fuel Quality • Water • Cetane number • Maximum Water (and particulate) .05% • Cetane Number (CN)= ability to ignite • C16H34 (1-hexadecane) • Minimum allowed-40 • Maximum effective-50 5 Diesel Fuel • Water • • • • Delivered Atmospheric Produced in tank New tank installation • Biological contamination • Fungi, algae, bacteria 6 Basic Fuel System Total Fuel Management Fill Manifolds Day Tanks Filtration and Maintenance Pump Sets Tank Selection Valve 7 Filtration Installation Filtration return Option #1 Primary suction Filtration suction 8 Filtration Installation Filtration return Option #2 Primary suction Filtration suction 9 Fuel Maintenance • Filtration-remove water and particulate • Treatment-additives to maintain and improve fuel quality. • Testing-test and adjust until consistently good results are obtained 10 Filtration Basics 11 Separator Internals 12 Filtration Options 13 More About Additives • • • • • 14 Over 140 mfrs registered with EPA Cetane boosters Water emulsification agents Stabilizers Biocides Cetane Boosters • Typically 2-ethylhexl nitrate (EHN) • About .04% optimal concentration • Not recommended-accelerates instability 15 Water Emulsification Agents • Any water in the fuel is bad • The only solution is to remove the water • Emulsifiers will only spread the water 16 Stabilizers • Instability accelerated by: • • • • Moisture Oxygen High Temperature-generators fuel bypass Nitrates in cetane boosters • Instability results in: • Increase biological • Stratification • Varnishing 17 Biocides • Solvent base • Broad spectrum • Work in water and fuel 18 Testing • NFPA 110.8.3.8 requires annual testing to ASTM standards ASTM D-613 cetane/combustion ASTM D-1094 water ASTM D-2274 fuel stability ASTM D-500 lubrication quality ASTM D-97 cold flow test 19 Sizing and Selection • Multiple Tank • How long can each storage tank be offline? • Determine generator capacity & calculate max fuel flow • 7.1 gph per 100KWH 20 Sizing and Selection • Single Tank • As short of time as practical • 4 hour turn-over is typical • Or full flow type system 21 Conclusion • Call it fuel oil or diesel fuel. • Fuel will degrade. • Fuel must be ready to go at all times, a life may depend on it! • Fuel must be maintained to be ready! 22