Transcript Medication - Network North

Medication used in Mental
Health
GSHarnisch
August2013
Common used drugs in Psychiatry
 Anti-psychotics
 Anti-depressants
 Anti-anxiety
 Mood stabilisers
 Sleeping pills
 Medication to manage side-effects
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
All Medication
 All medication have side effects
 All medication interact with each other
 Some medication, herbs, drugs or food
should not be taken together for example:
champix with clozapine
citalopram with alcohol, St. John’s Wart
Tegretol and grapefruit juice
http://www.health.harvard.edu/fhg/updates/
update0206d.shtml
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Name of commonly used
antipsychotics
 Clozapine - Clozaril
 Olanzapine - Zyprexa
 Quetiapine - Seroquel
 Risperidone - Risperdal
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Anti-psychotics: Administration
 Some are given by injection
 Others are given by tablets
Injections have the advantage that one does
not have to remember to take the medication
every day.
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antipsychotics: Effects
They are not a cure but are given to manage the
symptoms of psychosis for example they may:
 control anxiety and serious agitation, so that
the person getting the medication feels less
threatened
 reduce incoherent speech and muddled
thinking
 reduce confusion
 lessen delusions and hallucinations
 reduce violent, disruptive behaviour
 reduce mania.
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
How do antipsychotics work?
 Most antipsychotics block one of the brain
chemicals that carry messages between cells
in different areas of the brain (dopamine).
 Blocking that chemical reduces the flow of
messages
 Most antipsychotics affect other brain
chemicals too, and this causes some of the
side effects.
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Side - Effects








GSHarnisch
effects on the heart
drowsiness
dry mouth which can cause tooth decay
blurred vision
dizziness
feeling sick
difficulty passing water
rapid heartbeat
16/06/2013
Side - Effects






weight gain and obesity
high blood sugar and diabetes
high blood pressure
high cholesterol.
eye problems – cataract
constipation which may be severe enough to be lifethreatening if not treated
 low blood pressure
 restlessness
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
How can I persuade my relative to
take medication?
http://www.mentalhealthcare.org.uk/view_all_videos/dr
_juliana_onwumere_video_4
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Medication
Obtain information on medication including hand-outs
only from the medsafe website:
http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/
Or from:
http://www.sane.org/information/factsheetspodcasts/201-antipsychotic-medication
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antidepressant Drugs
Types of antidepressants used most commonly:
(there are more than 10 types)
 Tricyclics
 Amitriptyline
 Clomipramine
 Imipramine
 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
 Citalopram
 Paroxetine
 Fluoxetine - Prozac
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antidepressant side effects summary









GSHarnisch
Drowsiness
Dry mouth
Blurred vision
Constipation
Urinary retention
Dizziness
Delayed orgasm and low sex drive, particularly in men
Increased heart rate
Disorientation or confusion
16/06/2013
Antidepressant side effects summary
 Low blood pressure, which can cause lightheadedness
 Increased appetite
 Weight gain
 Fatigue
 Headache
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antidepressant side effects summary







GSHarnisch
dizziness
dry mouth
feeling agitated or shaky
not sleeping well or, alternatively, feeling very sleepy
loss of appetite
yawning
excessive sweating
16/06/2013
Antidepressant side effects summary
Serotonin syndrome:
 confusion
 agitation
 muscle twitching
 sweating
 shivering
 diarrhoea
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antianxiety-Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines:
 Lorazepam - Ativan
 Oxazepam - Serax
 Diazepam - Valium
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Antianxiety-Benzodiazepines
side effects - summary
 Addictive
 Paradoxical syndrome
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Anticonvulsants
 Carbamazepine – Tegretol
 Sodium Valporate - Epilim
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013
Anticonvulsants – side effects
summary








GSHarnisch
sedation
cognitive impairments
Tremor
low blood pressure
liver and kidney effected
dizziness
Tiredness
lowered white blood cells
16/06/2013
Statins- cholesterol lowering
medication side effects







GSHarnisch
nose bleeds
cold-like symptoms
headache
feeling sick
muscle and joint pain
difficulty sleeping
constipation, diarrhoea, indigestion and/or flatulence
(passing wind)
16/06/2013
High blood pressure
(hypertension)medication – side
effects





feeling drowsy
pain around your kidney area (on the side of the lower back)
a dry cough
dizziness, faintness or light-headedness
a skin rash
GSHarnisch
16/06/2013