Energy and Power Management

The Project By Adithya Sridhar (TU Chemnitz )

Theme

1) Increased applications and usage of high technology gadgets 2) Drastic intake of energy resources from nature in the form of petroleum , fuels, mine for minerals etc.

3) Deforestation, resource exploitations leading to resource crisis and Global Warming.

The main focus

 Need to balance the global energy crisis  Focus towards Renewable energy  Reducing the usage of Non Renewable energy reserves.

 Law of conservation and energy transformation principles .

The topics for analysation

       Solar energy Wind energy Hydroelectricity Energy Harvesting Nuclear energy Oil reserves and its usage Thermal energy.

Preview about solar energy usage THE FACTORS TO BE NOTED       regional programs led by national or state governments and the extent of subsidies within these the enthusiasm of customers for green energy especially solar local electricity tariffs (high electricity rates encourage alternative sources of energy) solar (sunlight) conditions (solar electricity prices fall as sunlight levels increase) marketing strategies by solar companies the extent of the "delivery infrastructure" (the number of local suppliers and qualified installers)

Solar Energy consumer      One kilowatt-hour (kWh) equals the amount of electricity needed to burn a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hours. Prices up to $15,000 are also possible as are lower prices depending upon a) the kind of PV System, b) country of purchase c) how the system is purchased and d) the surface to which the system is attached.

A 1-2 kilowatt (1000-2000 watts) one and two days to install. costing $9 per

watt peak about 25-30 US cents per kilowatt hour in a sunny climate.

silicon cell Solar Module will have a life in excess of 20 years ,electric generating capacity may degradate between 0-20%. Although warrantied for 20 years or more, the warranty on the, inclusive of the other components, is usually 5 years or less.

Installation and Budget

Wind Energy

 succesful and efficient method of Generating power  used in 2000 BC by Egyptions to sail along Nile  16th century,used in Europe as Windmills and to pump water from wells.

 where the success ratio and gestation period for reaching profit is very less which is beneficial..

Reasons for fast improvisation

 High Strength Fiber composites for constructing large,low cost blades  Falling prices of the power electronics associated with power system  Variable Plant operation ,pushing the availability upto 95% work  Accumalated field experience improving the capacity factor upto 40 %

Offshore plantation

Introduction of Offshore plant increased the potential with ist high effeciency level.

An offshore installation density of 8 MW capacity per square kilometre of area.

 3,000 equivalent full load hours per year on average, this would result in an electricity production of about 61,660 TWh a year.

 Belgium,Netherland,Finland,Germany,England lead the way for offshore installation.

Hydro Electricity

 Major source for power generation in the mode of renewable resource.

 Has a high efficiency and long yield time .

 Clean power generation and solves multipurpose  Application is limited, the net potential is high.

 Longer time to reach the comercial profit but a stable long run plant

Energy Harvesting

     Principles of conservation Principles of energy Transformation but Installation of Piezo ,pyro electric crystals Modern day advancement in Nano Fabrication and smart film enables the process The bright future expected as the days progress Sensors and transducers plays a major role

Nuclear Energy

   Energy with big processing needed Used in a higher ratio when compared to last 2 decades Involves high risk in Fuel Disposal  Requires skilled operators in executing plant  Nuclear accident and radiations are fatal

World Nuclear status

Thermal power plant

      It is one of the oldest power generating methods Used high value of coal and petroleum resources Takes upto 40% efficiency and gestation period is low and profit is reached faster Remains as one of the major world power source Established in 19th century 1st for running engines High CO2 emition rate and resulting in pollution and more fly ash

Global Future ??????

 We live in the world of Gadgets  Machines and technology rules everyone.

 Consumption level increases by 8% every year  Power generated from renewable sources increasing by 2 % every year when compared to efficiency and cost.

 Developed country consume 5 % more  Developing countries consume 10 % more

Generalised plan for power management with renewable sources

Problems and Flaws in plans

    The cost of power development was 4 % more than the power investment during the year 2003 The cost for power development and resource management during 2007 was 4.2 % more During the year the sudden hike in Oil Price resulted in costing 8 % more This rise in prices will vary as the resources like oil , petroleum and coal still remains unsure.

Market trends for solar energy

Market trend in Solar energy still remains a puzzle with respect to the consumers The types of consumers are classified 1) 2) 3) The technicial crue The economically strong section The real thriving consumers

High Project costings

    The field of Thin films, Nano fibrated waffers has resulted in developing PV with 16 % efficiency The success ratio of the projects are very less and resulting in the high price burdened on the users High capital investments required and the resourced used at the places where efficiency is low Global Economy crisis Hit the primary research centres in their funds

Wind energy potential     Large agencies work with improvising the Wind energy systems.

Private Firms establishing the wind plants were hit by the lack of funding agencies There were 16 major bank funding sources for energy management out of which 12 were closed and only4 of them persits This affected the whole set up and plans by the global nations in their power outlook

Blessings

    Field of High Voltage has played major role Steady and slow progress helped in improving the effiency in power gain as the Transmissional losses were over come The improvement in the field of Nano technology gave the scientist bright hopes and success in transmission through underwater lines.

Researches in HVDC is reaching success and is predicted to assist in the power transmission needs

Need for a global governing organisation To solve all the power and energy crisis ,to maintain global awareness and peace, we have a need to come up with a global body governing power and management for the whole world Like UNESCO ,UNICEF or WHO To balance the energy consumption and production level To provide the scientic technology to the parts of the world lacking them and to explore the un explored part.

Factors of concern 

What to start ?

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How to start ?

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For Whom to start ?

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Impact ?

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Duration to achieve results ?

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Benefits ?

1 $ per person

 If the each and every individual in this world can give 1 $ , this would be good enough to have a strong support for scientific and research exchange.

This results in Global Peace.

We are united by science and Energy crisis is problem for every individual consumer of this world.

Problems to be expected

 The Gloabal climatic changes that may hit the plans and energy consumtion and energy generation#  Cost involved in the Research and Developments in Technology  The global Market Trend and economy and per captia income which may change in the negative side.

 Reduction or extinction of species of Bird becuase of High Wind plants .

Conclusion

   With millions of scientist working, Billions of consumers , Trillions of gadgets In an never ending field of science, For the sake of humanity lets unite ourselves and explore the best methods of power generation and make the efficient resesource management..

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Its NOW or NEVER

Lets honour the Men who worked in developing science Let Honour the science what brought us here Lets honour the science what shows us the future For the science for the future all the Human in this known world.

Adithya Sridhar Technical University Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany Student from the chair of Electrical energy and high Voltage

References            High voltage technology- HM Ryan Wind and Solar Energy – M.Patel

PV technology – Hymen Roth Regenerative technique –TMH publications Electriche Energietechnick – Prof W.Schufft

Oslo International group for energy statistics NationMaster.com for statistical references UNO research papers Power outlook Germany 2030 Thermal plants – Steven Kingston Google and some internet sources

Special Thanks

  Special thanks for Prof.Wolfgang Schufft and the Chair of Electrical Energy and High voltage (TU Chemnitz) for providing me a chance to do this small project Thanks for all the listeners for their patience and support in listening to the presentation.