Transcript DECONFINED PHASE VIA MULTIPARTCLE CORRELATIONS

HEAVY QUARKONIA PHYSICS
ASSOCIATED WITH NEW HIGGS
EFFECTS AND TRANSITIONS
Gennady Kozlov
JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Dubna
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
1
MAIN GOAL: NP at TeV

New Family Generations
Intriguing and not solved yet in Modern Physics
- Heavy quarks 4th generation
-
U4 ,
D4 ,
(+2/3)
(-1/3)
l4 , ...
Heavy quarkonia (U 4 U 4 ), ( D4 D4 ), ...
WHERE IS TOPONIUM IN PARTICLE PHYSICS AGENDA?
In SM no explanation of why there should be just 3 generations of
quarks and leptons or their hierarchy of masses?
Fundamental mass, Mixing, N f } NOT fixed by SM
! TH motivations:
- E6 models
- heterotic string  Q4 , l4 ,  4
- Little Higgs-like models
Q  (q, q~ ), mq~ ~ O(1 GeV )
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
2
EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE (?)
Lower limits on 4th family masses
m 4  45 GeV
( LEP1)
m l4  100 GeV
( LEP 2)
m D4  199 GeV , D4  qZ
( FNAL)
m D4  128 GeV , D4  qW
( FNAL)
mU 4  220 GeV
( FNAL)
Excess of events in W + 2, 3 topologies

Superjet events
Anomalous interactions (?)
U4  t   W b   -
single jet
soft lepton secondary vertex
pp  V   U4 t
leptonically  
hadronically
30.06.2006
(CDF, 2002)
Identification of  (light Higgs?)
G.Kozlov (JINR)
3
 Vt b : Wider window
0,9990  Vt b  0,9993
3 SM generations
0.08  Vt b  0,9993
 3 generations
HEAVY QUARKONIA PRODUCTION
J PC  0  
gg  Ps (U4 ,D4 )
J PC  1 
e  e   g V (U 4 , D4 ) ILC ,
pp, pp
s  0,5  1,0 (TeV )
IF LOW Vt b ~ 0,1  Ps(U 4 , D4 ) COULD MANIFEST ITSELF AT LHC
 MEASUREMENT OF Vt b VIA s – CHANNEL SINGLE top AT THE
LHC  INDIRECT INFORMATION ON THE EXISTENCE OF
Ps(U 4U 4 ) (toponium)
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
4
LIGHT HIGGS & 4th GENERATION QUARKS
SM (MSSM):
m 0  m cos 2  M
h
Z0
m  min( M 0 , M 0 )
Z
VITAL IMPORTANCE:
Ruled out by LEP2
A
RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS
EVEN WITH 4th GENERATION QUARKS
Veff  V0  V1  V2  ...
 m 2j 3 
1
2J j
4
 1 2J j  1 C j m j  ln 2  
V1  
2
j 64
2
 Q
m j  m j ( j )
m 0  lower bound m LEP as extra generation fermions are included
h
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
5
IF NO DIRECT INDICATION OF STABLE
f 4 (Q4 , l 4 , ...), i .e .  4   universe

SEARCH FOR
f4 :
PRODUCTION (FORMATION) AND THEIR IDENTIFICATION

DECAYS
E.g., UNSTABLE
(Q4 Q4 )  (decays)
Higgs + something ( Z , Z , ... )
Why: LARGE YUKAWA COUPLINGS
Golden triangle
Higgs
Q
30.06.2006
Gauge ( Z , Z , ...)
G.Kozlov (JINR)
6
MAIN STRATEGY (for heavy quarks/quarkonia search):
 PRODUCTION
 IDENTIFICATION
DECAYS
NEW COUPLING CONSTANTS
(HIGGS, SM QUARKS, GAUGE BOSONS, …)
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
7
ARGUMENTS
 NO THEOR. ARGUMENTS TO RULE OUT Q4 at (1 TeV) Barger et al
1984
Fra mpton et al 2000
He H -J et al
2001
Nov ikov et al 2002
GAK 1999, 2000, 2004
TH MOTIVATION:
- GUT EXTENDED MODELS
- CP VIOLATION
- GAUGE-MEDIATED SUSY BREAKING
- HIGHER-DIMENSION REASON AT TeV SCALE
VECTOR-LIKE HEAVY FERMIONS OCCUR
- LATEST DATA

 3d & 4th SM FAMILY SIMILAR STATUS
- VACUUM STABILITY REASON  UPPER BOUND OF HEAVY QUARK MASSES
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
8
HISTORICALLY
FIRST SIGNALS OF c- and b-quarks:
J / (c c)  leptons,
CAN
(b b)  leptons
Q4 ALSO BE DISCOVERED THROUGH DECAY OF (bound state)4 ?
T (Q Q )  Z Higgs, T (Q1Q1 )  T (Q2Q 2 ) Higgs, T (Q Q )   Higgs
T (Q Q )  gg Higgs, T (Q Q )   Higgs
T (Q Q ) : J PC  1  , 0 -
KNOWN:
t  Wb t  c (cg, cZ ) t  cHiggs : BR ~ 1013  1011
SHOULD BE SEARCHED FOR
Q4  Wq Q4  q ( gq, Zq) Q4  q Higgs ?
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
9
CREATION OF
Q Q OUT OF VACUUM

SCREENING OF
Q COLOR CHARGE AT x  
 BREAKING OF COLOR FLUX TUBES
 SPLITTING OF QUARKS
BEYOND E SPLIT  HADRONIZATION OCCURS
INTERACTION BY:
- ONE-GLUON
- SCALAR BOSON EXCHANGE (HIGGS-LIKE)
- …….
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
10
EFFECTIVE HIGGS-BOSON-LIKE INTERPLAY

Q Q LOCATED AT r ~ [mQ   ( mQ )]1 ,
 BOUND STATE WAVE FUNCTION
r  rstrong
~ exp(   r ),   mQ  ( mQ )
 HEAVY QUARKONIUM SYSTEM : POTENTIAL APPROACH
sin( qr ) 2
V ( r ) ~  dq  S (q )
, q  (k  k )2
0
qr
TO AVOID ln ln q DIVERGENCES AT LARGE q

1
2
2
SCREENING FUNCTION Y (q , m ) 
1  q2 / m2

2
ASYMPTOTIC CONDITION:
30.06.2006
Y  1 as screeningmass m 2  
G.Kozlov (JINR)
11
SCREEN-MODIFIED POTENTIAL
sin( qr )
V ( r ) ~  dq  S (q ) Y (q , m )

qr

2
2
2

WELL-DEFINED FUNCTION
 (q )   (q )
2
S
2
S
0
AS
q 2 LARGE. WEAK q -DEPENDENCE
2
 1 exp(  mr ) 
V ( r ,  )   S ( q0 )   
as 2  0

r
Q
 r

2

ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION DUE TO
SCALAR (Higgs) BOSON WITH SCREENING MASS
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
m
12
EFFECTIVE POTENTIAL
 ( mQ ,  Q )
CF
Veff ( r ) ~   S ( mQ ) 
exp(  m  r )
r
r
mQ2 2
 ( mQ ,  Q ) 
 Q
2
4 v
as stronger as mQ heavier
  1
SM
  1
Beyond the SM
Q
Q


,

comb
S
30.06.2006

comb
4
  S ( mQ )   ( mQ ,  Q ) exp(  m  r ),
3
G.Kozlov (JINR)
4
3
  
S
S
13
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
14
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
15
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
16
GUARANTEE CRITERION FOR HEAVY BOUND STATE T (Q Q)
c
tot

 1 (! )
B
USE:
 STRONG ATTRACTIVE FORCES VIA HIGGS-LIKE EXCHANGE
 STRONG YUKAWA COUPLING  ( mQ ,  Q )
tot  T  U
T (U U )  hZ ,  Z,  H , W W  , b b, t t ,    , ggg, ...
  Z,  h - suppresed by 
 b b, t t  large QCD bgrd .
     suppressed due to two  loop couplings
 ggg  small contribution due to  S3
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
17
SINGLE HEAVY QUARK DECAYS
U  DW  , bW  , bH 
U  bH 
neglected
m 2   ( m A2  mW2 )(1   ),   0.1
H
OR EVEN NOT ALLOWED BY KINEMATICAL REASON
IN THE DECOUPLING LIMIT:
( m W / m A ) 2  1.
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
18
TEVATRON DATA RESTRICTIONS
BR( t  H  b )  (0.5  0.6) at 95% CL
CDF ( 2000)
if 60 GeV  m
H
 160 GeV
and if BR( H     )  1
D0 ( 2002)
BR( t  H  b )  0.36 at 95% CL
0.3  tan   150
m
H
30.06.2006
 160 GeV
G.Kozlov (JINR)
19
THE CASE OF U 4 QUARKS
tot  T (T (U U )  hZ , W W  )  U (U  DW  , bW  )
SPIN-1
(UU ) BOUND STATE
 mU 2 
1 2  mU   3
2
  f 
   (T (U U )  hZ ) 
 hU  Z vU   W 
1
16
2  mW  

m Z2
 hU  1  2 sin 2 cos 2 tan 1  ,  W   / sW2 ,  Z   W / cW2
mA
4
3
(mU ) 2  m 2
f  f  , mU , m   
, M T  2 mU
2
2
(  mU )  2 m 
vU  1  8 s W / 3 ,   1 - 4m h / M T 
2
30.06.2006
2
2
G.Kozlov (JINR)
1
2
20
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
21
PSEUDOSCALAR 4-QUARKONIUM CASE
3 mU 2 2  mU  3
   (T (U U )  h Z ) 
 hU Z   f 
0
32
 mZ 
4
3
   (T (UU  h Z )  6.80  hU2 GeV
0
RESULT: 3 TIMES MORE THAN THAT OF 1

CASE
PSEUDOSCALAR 4-“TOPONIUM” IS THE BEST CANDIDATE
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
22
(Q4Q4 ) - PRODUCTION. CROSS-SECTION
 mQ  1

QCD:  c ~  S 
  s
 Q
3
FALLS DOWN AS mQ INCREASES
 (Higgs) - boson effect:
    ~ ( m , m  ,   )
S
S
Q
Q
2
3
m
m
Q
2
~
 ( mQ ,  Q ) 
 Q exp(  ),  
1
2
16 v
 mQ
   (1  3~  3~   ~  )
1
eff
30.06.2006
c
S
2
2
S
3
3
S
G.Kozlov (JINR)
23
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
24
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
25
T (Q4Q4 ) PRODUCTION IN DARIATIVE DECAYS OF HIGGS – BOSONS
  T (Q Q )  
  h, H 2 HDM
Q  b, t ,...
1
1


P   P   
A(  T ) ~ 2 4 gV eQ Q

k
2
v 1  ( m / m Q )
gV :
T (Q Q ) Q   Q 0  mT2 gV  
4
g V estimation : (T (Q Q )  l l )   (eQ gV ) 2 mT
3
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
26
BR(  T (Q Q ) ) (  T (Q Q ) )
f 


BR(  Q Q )
(  Q Q )
 m 
64eQ 2  mQ  2
 K ( y ,  S )1   T 

gV 

m 
3
m
   
 
2
2

K ( y ,  )  1  C ln 2 ln 4 y ,

S
S
F

important for decays
30.06.2006
2



1 / 2
 m 

y  

2
m
Q 

2
h   (b b )
H   (b b )
G.Kozlov (JINR)
27
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
28
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
29
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
30
ON LEPTONIC DECAY OF T (Q Q) WITH A HIGGS-BOSON EMISSION
T (Q Q )  V  H  l l H ,
V  : Z , Z ,...( E 6 , Little Higgs,...)
 Low-Energy Theorem Small momentum of Higgs-boson External Higgs Field
1 / 2 ( mT , m H , sl ) 2
(T (Q Q )  l lH ) sl
R
  dsl
 HQ 
2 2
0
(T (Q Q )  l l )
24 v sl
m ax
 4m l  
2m l2   ( mT2 , m H2 , sl )  6mT2 sl
 1 
  1 

2
2
2
2


s
s
m

s


m

 

l
l
T
l
T
T
2
sl   pl  pl   2m l2  pl  pl 
2
1/ 2
HU
z  m Z / m A   1
HD
tan   vU / v D
  1  z sin( 2 ) cos(2 ) tan  ,
  1  z sin( 2 ) cos(2 ) tan  ,
1
2
F   1 (T (Q Q )  l l ) d(T (Q Q )  l lh) / dsl
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
31
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
32
30.06.2006
G.Kozlov (JINR)
33
INSTEAD OF CONCLUSIONS …




Higgs-boson potential model
Phenomenological “hard” Yukawa couplings 
Non-perturbative fluctuations of gluon field rather small GAK (2004)
Conformal properties of QCD are essential for lighter
hadrons (c c ), (b b)
 Binding critical ratio c is strongly sensitive to  Q (beyond the SM)
 Crucial role of Q4 :
- Enhancement factor

  8.9
h  gg
  (4.5  5.5)
  8.5
h  
h  gg
  (4.0  5.0)
h  
Higgs  gg, Higgs  
114 GeV  m h  180 GeV ( light CP  even Higgs  boson )
30.06.2006
for decays
mQ4  200 GeV
mQ4  600 GeV
G.Kozlov (JINR)
34
for 180 GeV  m H  800 GeV
( heavy CP  even Higgs  boson)
9    13
H  gg
mQ4  200 GeV
15    25
9    27
H  
H  gg
mQ4  600 GeV
15    57 H  
 If m  ~ (100 GeV )

  Q ~ O(1) appropriate for mQ  2m t
 For ( t t ) bound state with   t ~ O(1) SM

m   m LEP  unsafely below the LEP lower bound
 t  1 beyond the SM !
 MINOR DEPENDENCE ON
30.06.2006
tan 
G.Kozlov (JINR)
35