Climate-FVS

Version 0.1

U S I N G T H E F O R E S T V E G E T A T I O N S I M U L A T O R T O M O D E L S T A N D D Y N A M I C S U N D E R T H E A S S U M P T I O N O F C H A N G I N G C L I M A T E

Developed by :

Nicholas L. Crookston, USDA-FS, RMRS, Moscow, ID

Gary E. Dixon, (Retired) USDA-FS, FMSC, Fort Collins, CO Gerald E. Rehfeldt, (Retired) USDA-FS, RMRS, Moscow, ID

Presentation Road Map



Background on Base FVS



Background on Climate Models



Climate-FVS Architecture



Climate-FVS “How to”

Description of FVS

    FVS is a distance-independent, individual-tree forest growth model widely used in the United States to support forest management decision-making Individual stands are the basic projection unit and projections are dependent on interactions among trees within stands, as well as site and stand conditions.

FVS allows users to compare management scenarios, to meet landowner objectives.

Extensions to FVS model the impact of disturbance causing agents (fire, insects, and disease)

Variants of FVS

   The component models differ depending on the geographic region represented by regionally specific model variants Coefficients are estimated using available data from the variant’s geographic region Each variant is a self contained program executable written in FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation) Under development

FVS Basic Operation

   FVS needs a keyword file to run Keywords are mnemonic words with associated data that provide information to FVS Keywords are used to  enter stand and tree information  describe management treatments   control the printing of output adjust model estimates

Processing Sequence

Initialize Stand Simulation Performs Cutting Activities Prior to Projection Individual Tree Growth (DBH & HT) Mortality Growth Cycle Insect and Pathogen Adjustments Fire and Fuels Adjustments 3 End Stand Simulation 2 1 Report Projected Conditions Crown Change Regeneration

General Circulation Models

   Canadian Center of Climate Modeling and Analysis  CGCM3-A2  CGCM3-B1  CGCM3-A1B Met Office Hadley Centre –UK (HADMC3)  HADMC3-A2  HADMC3-B2 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory -Princeton University, NOAA Research (GFDLCM21)  GFDLCM21-A2  GFDLCM21-B1

Emission Scenarios

Example of predicted changes in climate

Example of Viability Scores

Viability Scores* Location on Gifford Pinchot NF

CODES: PSME TSHE 1990 2030 2060 2090 0.973

0.96

0.857

0.877

0.96

0.656

0.236

0.131

* Lat: 46.67, Long: 121.54, Elev: 2583, based on Hadley A2 Scenario PIPO 0.376

0.29

0.546

0.596

Douglas-fir climate profile

-125° -120° -115° -110°

Douglas-fir

climate profile location change (current to 2060) 45° 40° new recede stays 35° -120° -115° -110° -105° -105° 45° 40° 35°

Climate-FVS: Architecture

     Base FVS assumes site is constant over time, this assumption is not tenable under changing climate.

The current structure of FVS to apply management has not changed Climate-FVS does NOT contain a climate model, it uses species viability scores. The species viability scores are for 75 western U.S. species predicted from seven future climate scenarios (presently based on Rehfeldt et al, but user could use any source of scores) Viability scores are used to compute mortality rates and modify FVS-predicted growth rates.

Changes to the model under Climate-FVS

    Carrying capacity may change Additional species specific mortality Species Establishment changes Growth is impacted  by genetics  by site quality changes

Site Carrying Capacity

    Changes maximum density as a function of climate.

Presently FVS uses Maximum SDI or BA as a measure of carrying capacity and uses it to compute density related mortality.

These maximum densities are typically species based and the maximum for the stand varies based on the basal area-weighted average maximum Climate-FVS computes a proportional change in carry capacity, where the viability scores are used instead of basal area-weighted to compute maximum density.

Additional Species Specific Mortality

   Additional species specific mortality is applied to all species with a viability score below 0.50.

As the viability score decreases, the mortality rate increases.

The mortality rate is proportional to the viability score.

Species Establishment

     Climate-FVS will establish 500 seedling/acre when stand density falls below a stocking threshold The four most viable species will be regenerated The number of trees of each species will be apportioned based on the relative viability scores The consequence is that more trees of the most viable species will be regenerated If no species are viable, none are regenerated.

Growth

 Site quality   If the stand site quality changes due to climatic change, growth will be affected. The Annual Dryness Index (ADI) is used as an indicator of site quality change. As ADI increases or decreases compared to contemporary, it proportionally affects Site Quality.  Tree genetics  Trees growing on sites they are adapted for grow faster than those growing on site they are maladapted for.

 Transfer distances, seed zones

-15 Growth modified based on Seed Transfer Distance 250 200 150 100 50 MAT at seed source: -2 C MAT at seed source: 2 C MAT at seed source: 4 C MAT at seed source: 8 C -10 -5 0 0 5 -50

Mean temp. of the coldest month transfer distance (⁰C) moved to colder climates moved to warmer climates

Leites , L. (preliminary work, Univ. of Idaho) 10 15

How To Run Climate-FVS

    Obtain climate executable from FMSC Additional input file needed that contains viability scores One additional keyword is mandatory (CLIMDATA), that specifies the location of the viability scores files, and specifies the GCM scenario to be used.

Four other option keywords can me used to change the assumptions on climate change impacts on growth, mortality, and regeneration.

Example of additional input file needed

Filename: FVSClimAttrs.csv

A source of the climate and species viability data file is at this web address: http://forest.moscowfsl.wsu.edu/climate/customData/fvs_ data.php

.

Four Optional Keywords

    AutoEstb: Signal that Climate-FVS automatic establishment logic is turned on and that the base FVS automatic establishment features are turned off. GrowMult :Specify a species-specific adjustment of the growth-rate multiplier computed by Climate FVS.

MortMult :Specify a species-specific mortality multiplier.

MxDenMlt: Specify an adjustment of the maximum density multiplier computed by Climate-FVS.

Climate-FVS Reports

  Main Output File – Options Selected by input  lists viability scores by species Climate Reports  none yet developed  see effects in standard output reports

Compare Climate Scenarios

Compare Species by Climate Scenarios

Compare Scenarios

BASE

Species Composition by Basal Area 2006

Live DF Live RC 1% 1% Live WH GCM Scenario

HADMC3_B2 Species Composition by Basal Area 2096

Live DF Live RC Live WH 1% Live GF Live WP 98%

Species Composition by Basal Area 2096

Live DF Live RC 0% 1% Live WH 99%

HADMC3_A2 Species Composition by Basal Area 2096

Live DF Live GF Live WP 100% 99%

Climate-FVS Questions?

Nicholas L. Crookston USDA- Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, Idaho [email protected]

Forest Management Service Center USDA- Forest Service Fort Collins, CO [email protected]