HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL …

Transcript HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL …

ARTBEESPOORT

AM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION PROGRAMME

WISA Conference 2010

Sameer Morar Programme Manager

Rand Water: Implementing Agent www.dwa.gov.za/harties Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Presentation Outline

• • • • •

Geographical Orientation & Statistics Problem Statement Challenges Programme Background Programme Structure

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Geographical Location

 Republic of South Africa  Crocodile West Marico Catchment  Hartbeespoort Dam  Bojanala District Municipality  Madibeng Local Municipality Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

WMA 3: Crocodile (West) and Marico - Land Use

CWM-WMA total population estimated

4.9 million people (1995 data).

Lower Crocodile: 150 000 people Apies-Pienaars Sub area: 2.2 million 370 000 people Upper Crocodile Sub-

www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

• Hartbeespoort Dam 1 of 9 Hypertrophy in RSA • 7 of 9 in Crocodile Marico Catchments Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

●

What is a hypertrophic dam?

Excessively

enriched by the nutrients

phosphate

nitrogen

where algal growth is limited by

physical

biological

conditions

Solar Radiation & Temp Wind, Turbidity, Vegetation, Foodweb

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Hartbeespoort Dam 2016 hectares

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Infrastructure - Hartbeespoort Dam

• • • • • • • • • • Catchment Area: Mean Annual Rainfall: Mean Annual Evaporation: Mean Annual Run-off: Surface Area: Full Supply Capacity: Firm Yield (1990): Urban runoff/return flows: Wall height: Crest length: 4 112 km 2 670 mm 1 690 (S) / 1 246 (D) 163 million m 3 2 016 ha 195 million m 3 158 million m 3 103 million m 3 59 m 101 m Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

What does Hartbeespoort Dam Look like?

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Impacts and Challenges

       H ealth Risk E nvironmental S mell R ecreational W ater Purification P roperty D evelopment D ownstream water use and loss Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Problem Statement

• 700+ Mega Liters of purified sewage p/d

• 280 + tons of phosphate p/a.

• Depleted riparian variation & in-stream habitat • Shrinking wetlands • Toxic microcystis algal blooms • Exotic water plants (Hyacinths) • Exotic fish (Carp, Barbel, Canary Kurper) • Distorted food web and fish population • Depleted diversity in catchment and dam • Impacts from Desertification / Social Drought Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

HARTBEESPOORT DAM TOTAL PHOSPHATE MASS BALANCE USAGE FROM DAM

Volume = 176 mil m³ Concentration total P = 0.17 mg/l Load total P =

29 920 kg/a IN HARTEBEESPOORT DAM: Full level

Volume = 205 mil m³ Concentration total P = 0.122 mg/l Load total P =

25 010 kg MAGALIES RIVER

Volume = 18 mil m³ Concentration total P = 0.0582 mg/l Load total P =

1047 kg/a CROCODILE RIVER

Average inflow (Volume ) = 170 mil m³ ?

Average PO4 concentration = 0.12 mg/l Modelled load PO4 =

166 000 kg/a (80 - 300 x10³)

Point discharges = 620 Ml x 365 days x 1.0 mg/l =

226 300 kg/a

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water”

HARTEBEESPOORT DAM SEDIMENTS

Volume =(i) 194,6 mil m³ TP or = (ii) 2062 ha x 20 cm Total P = (i) 1230 mg/kg or bio-avail. PO4= (ii) 0.44 mg/kg (580 ?) Load P = (i)

1,79 X10 8 kg

or Bio-avail. = (ii)

881 kg

(1 195 653 kg)

INCOMING SEDIMENTS

THE PROGRAMME...

HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION PROGRAMME (HDRP)

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

INITIATION OF HBP DAM REMEDIATION PROJECT

• • • • State of Hbp Dam: implications on tourism industry in NW, economical growth, environmental and human health NW Gov allocated budget of R1.3 mil in 2004 Broad objective: NWP in collaboration with other dept wants specialist study + recommendations to address problems with WQ of Hbp Dam Request for proposals in April 2003 Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

PROJECT HISTORY

• • • • •

Activities started on 25 Aug ’03 and last submission was in Mar ’05 2 main final reports:

– Action Plan (2 volumes) – Oct ’ 04 – Fish Community Study HBPD – Feb ’ 05

Publish Plan – Env Man Series 5 – Oct ’05 DWAF appoint RW implementing agent Jun ’06 DG DWAF instruct fast tracking – May ’07

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

• • • • Microcystin levels in cyanobacterial algae threat to human & environmental health at times Uncontrolled development increases pressure: Integrated Catchment Management Dedicated & Committed management structure – Water Management Institutions and CMA’s NB: Every relevant authority must take up responsibility for their mandate

CONDITIONS IN THE DAM CAN BE IMPROVED SIGNIFICANTLY

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

MAIN ISSUES IDENTIFIED

Water quality management (point and non-point

sources)

Fisheries management (bio-manipulation)

Recreational Activity Control & Boating regulations

Recreational access opportunities

Ecologically valuable areas

& land management Public awareness & education programs Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

MANAGEMENT MEASURES

WATER QUALITY

• • • • • • Enhance wastewater treatment: external P loading to be reduced Improve management of urban & farming activities Study required to assess remediation of sediment in dam Physical removal of algal scums Regular monitoring of microcystin levels Possible instream treatment - Croc River Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

MANAGEMENT MEASURES

FISHERIES

• • Community based fisheries: • • First 2 years – carp and catfish Estimated annual income is R 768 000-R 1 152 000 for 1st year and R 1 536 00-R 2 304 000 for 2 nd yr Third year – Mozambique tilapia Estimated income is

R 3 840 000 – R 11 520 000,

depending on amount of fish (200 – 300 t/y) and market price (R10 - 20/kg) Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

MANAGEMENT MEASURES

RECREATIONAL USE

• • • • • Zoning of dam Boating regulations Fishing regulations Public access Develop & implement Resource Management Plan (RMP) – 3 rd draft Feb 2010 Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

MANAGEMENT MEASURES ECOLOGICALLY VALUABLE AREAS

– Shoreline habitat assessment & management plan – Shoreline and wetland restoration – Revegetation – Establishment of Floating wetlands

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Implementation

• • • • • • • •

Draft 1 BP Oct 2006 BP Feb 2007 Draft 1 fast track BP May 2007 Draft 2 fast track BP July 2007 BP 2007/08 Oct 2007 BP 2008/09 Oct 2008 BP 2009/10 BP 2010/15 April 2010

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Overall Objectives: HDRP

•

Implement IWRM principals in Catchment to enhance Growth, Development and Work Creation.

•

Determine, Optimise & Manage Physical and Biological conditions in the dam to ensure reduction in algae (blue-green) and biomass.

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

ob

reation

E stablished jobs: • • 19 people as part of shoreline & floating islands 47 people as part of algae and hyacinth & debris removal In process: SME Development • Large opportunities during Silt removal • • Recycling project will create jobs for local communities – vermiculture Aqua Culture, Recreation Guiding & Fly Fishing Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

apacity

uilding

• • • • DWA Regional Staff knowledge transfer Develop & implement tools to improve cooperative governance in terms of Environmental & Water Authorisations Communities, Mining & Industry, Local Authorities to implement waste minimisation, recycling and rainwater harvesting.

SME development: Floating Islands Organic recycling & vermiculture Sediment treatment Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

perational Challenges

T iming 3 years extensive implementation program towards institutional development:

• • •

Regulate recreational use and implement RMP Biomass management, labour vs. mechanised Establish artificial vegetation – floating wetlands (Resourse Q uality Objectives)

• •

Point source vs. catchment management Water allocation: – fluctuating level & Operating rules – Socio Economic impact balanced with G&D Alternatives

•

Research & Development

• • •

Interdependencies Practical implementation Cost benefit analyses

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

• • Overarching Infrastructure Focus Areas • • • • • Inter Governmental Forum(HDSC) Project Management (HDCC/PCO) Communication and Awareness – Communication Centre – Interactive Website – School Projects Integrated Monitoring Programme Data & Information Management • Supporting Research & Development Environmental Management Fund Raising & Sponsorhip • • • Dambasin Focus Areas • Fisheries management and monitoring • • Biomass Management – Control and removal of Algae and Hyacinths – – Shoreline vegetation Floating mezocosms Control of recreational activities – Assistance and enforcements Sediment management Resource Management Plan Water Management Institute Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

• • • • • • Catchment Management Focus Areas • River water diversion and treatment options (pre impoundment) • • Wetlands and riverbank remediation Phosphate reduction at source and compliance Aquaculture hub Vermiculture Fly fishing Waste minimisation Socio-economic model Compliance and enforcement

HARTBEESPOORT DAM INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION PROGRAMME Programme Control {PC

}

[PC1] Programme Coordination

* 1.1 Project Co-ordinating Office (PCO) * 1.2 Office management * 1.3 Administration & Invoicing * 1.4 Steering Committee & Development of IGF * 1.5 Coordinating Committee * 1.6 General Coordination & Programme Meetings (Internal) * 1.7 Programme Meetings (External) * 1.8 Documentation and Reporting

[PC3] Transformation, Community Development and Support

* 3.1 Private and Corporate Support and Coordination * 3.2 Training, Capacity Building and Skills Transfer * 3.3 SMME Development

[PC2] Rand Water Implementation

* 2.1 Office Support * 2.2 SHEQ Compliance * 2.3 Policy and Legal Issues * 2.4 Assets (Equipment) * 2.5 Assets (Infrastructure) * 2.6 Technical and Maintenance support * 2.7 Engineering Services * 2.8 Scientific Continuous Development

Support {SP} [SP1] * Communication and Awareness [SP2] * Information Management LEGEND { } Sub-programmes [ ] Key Focus Areas * Overarching Projects (PEPs) * Dambasin Projects (PEPs) * Catchment Projects (PEPs) Information, Communication & Knowledge Centres {ICC} [ICC1] * Information & Communication Centre ( Tan’ Malie & Dam Wall) [ICC2] Kommando Nek & Oberon - Knowledge & Eco Centres

* Fish and foodweb restructuring information hub * Shoreline & Floating wetlands information hub * Sustainable development information hub * Waste minimisation information hub

[ICC3] Ifafi Wetland Information Centre

* Wetland information hub

[ICC4] Aquaculture Information Centre

* Aquaculture information hub

[ICC5] Vermiculture Information Centre

* Vermiculture information hub

Medium to Long Term Catchment {MLC}

[MLC1] Support to Harties Metsi a me programme (HWAG, NGO’s) [MLC2] * Artlure-Fishing in support to WfGD [MLC3] Nutrient Management [MLC4] Downstream Eutrophication Control [MLC5] Pre-impoundment, River diversion and Treatment of Inflowing Water [MLC6] Instream and Stormwater Litter Traps

Operation and Maintenance {OM} Compliance and Enforcement {CE} [CE1] * Water Use Authorisations for Dam Basin and Surrounding Catchment

- Interim Resource Quality Objectives - Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations - Water Use Auditing - Stakeholder engagement

[OM1] * RMP Development and Implementation -

RMP Development - Implementation and Regulation of Local Rules - Control of recreational activities

[OM2] Foodweb Restructuring

2.1

* Foodweb monitoring 2.2 * Parallel Fish Harvesting

[CE2] * Water Use Authorisations for Hartbeespoort Catchment

- Interim Resource Quality Objectives - Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations - Water Use Auditing - Stakeholder engagement - Socio Economic Modeling & Decision Making

[OM3] * Biomass Harvesting, Removal and Treatment

- Algae harvesting and pumping - Hyacinths & Debris removal - Vermiculture to support waste minimisation (Dam Wall etc.) - Roodeplaat Biomass management

[CE3] * Water Use Authorisations for Crocodile (West) Marico Catchment

- Interim Resource Quality Objectives - Operational Guidelines & Practices - Concept Water Use Authorisations - Water Use Auditing - Stakeholder engagement

[OM4] * Biomass Establishment -

Shoreline remediation - Floating wetlands - Wetland establishment

[OM5] * Sediment Management

- Pilot & Feasibility - Implementation

[CE4] Operational Best Practices

4.1 * Waste Minimisation & Recycling 4.2 * Wetlands & Instream habitats

[CE5] * Integrated Monitoring Programmes

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water”

[OM6] * ICC Operations

- School programmes - Information centre programmes - Communication Centre Information Exchange - Knowledge Centre operations www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Programme Coordination

• • • • • • • • Project Co-ordination Office (PCO) Office Management Administration and Invoicing

Steering Committee

and Development of IGF Coordination Committee General Coordination & Programme Meetings (Internal) Programme Meetings (External) Documentation and Reporting Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

• • •

Foodweb Restructuring

Fish – Removed substantial volume – Decline in carp/catfish Zooplankton – Increase in species Daphnia pulex/D magna a Phytoplanton – Microcystis replaced as dominant species (Jul – Nov) – Filamentous algae in littoral zone (evident of positive plant succession) d h e

Energy and nutrient flow more efficient

b f i c ) g Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Dam Basin Projects

Species Composition Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique Tilapia)

Chetia flaviventris

(Canary Kurper)

Tilapia sparrmanii

(Banded Tilapia)

Pseudocrenilabrus philander

(Southern Mouthbrooder)

Micropterus salmoides

(Largemouth Bass) Cyprinus carpio (Carp) Barbus unitaeniatus (Longbeard Barb) Barbus paludinosus (Straightfin Barb) Labeobarbus polylepis (Smallscale Yellowfish) Labeobarbus marequensis (Largescale Yellowfish) Barbus trimaculatus (Threespot Barb)

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water”

Barbus mattozi (Papermouth

) e-mail: [email protected]

Dam Basin Projects

Evaluation of the Trophic Structure of the Fish Community

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Dam Basin Projects Restructuring the Fish Community

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Biomass Removal

• •

Prioritised Areas

– Dam wall – Crocodile River inlet – Magalies River inlet – Leeuwen Spruit inlet

Removal of:

– Algae & hyacinth – Debris & litter Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

1 2 Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

4 3

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Litter and Debris Removal

Objectives:

Remove where possible urban litter and debris (visible solid waste) emanating from the urban environment in the catchment

Deliverables

• Assessment of where litter and debris are generated • Implement a pilot litter trap in the Crocodile (upstream of dam)

Challenges

• Effective trapping of urban litter & debris which obstruct algal and hyacinth harvesting • Operation and maintenance e-mail: [email protected]

Vermiculture

Why do we need VermiCulture?

• • • The average person produces approximately 1 ton organic waste/year Vermiculture = most effective means of waste management Vermiculture using compost worms can achieve waste elimination and value added conversion on the same site forever.

Value added products derived from Vermiculture

•Solid vermicast (Organic Compost) •Liquid vermicast (Organic Liquid Fertilizer) •Surplus worms for further process enhancement

Vermiculture: A Solution for Organic Waste

Vermiculture can be utilised as a solution for the treatment of organic waste in the following sectors: Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” Commercial e-mail: [email protected]

Biomass Removal

Roodeplaat Dam Achievements

• Created income for 27 local people. • Remove 8 616 tons of hyacinths at dam wall and inlet.

• Construct (Prototype 3: R5 – 600/m) 790m of booms. • Construct 3,500m containment booms (R32/m).

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Shoreline Vegetation

Objectives:

Re-establish shoreline vegetation along the rivers and dam to enhance micro habitats for fish, control pollution and prevent erosion

Deliverables

• Preparation of shoreline for planting when water level drops • Large portions of Magalies River has been prepared for rehabilitation.

• Plant species have been identified & are collected from local rivers & alternative wetlands.

Challenges

• Full scale planting will commence as soon as the dam water level drops. (September to November) • • Educate Local Land Owners as to shoreline rehabilitation requirements.

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Areas identified for shoreline vegetation

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Establishing Shoreline Vegetation

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Floating Wetlands

Objectives:

Establish habitat to support foodweb restructuring – enhance zooplankton and macro-invertebrates. Supplement floating wetlands for equivalent degraded shoreline.

Deliverables

• 600 x 20 m 2 floating wetland units during the • • year Distribute the wetlands to respective shoreline locations where they will be the most effective Establish enough plant stock to supply different requirements

Challenges

• Protection and Management • Algae build-up within the islands • Support from shoreline property Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Biomass Establishment

Shoreline severely impacted Need to be replaced with floating wetlands

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Wetlands

• • • • •

Objectives:

preservation of them. Storm water reduction, dissipation & retention reducing

Deliverables

Restoring of biodiversity in the wetlands and rivers & sediments • Compiled Info booklet, Factsheet & Posters.

Identified 9 new wetlands at HBPD.

Compiled Concept doc, Main strategy, Artificial wetlands roll-out strategy & HBPD wetlands roll-out strategy.

Arranged World Wetland Day 2 Feb 2008 fieldtrip for Remediation Team.

Arranged “Wetlands Team” Workshop June 2007.

Obtained commitment from WfWetlands, WfWater and Rand Water Foundation

Advantages

• • • Diminish amount of toxic algae that occurs in HBPD.

Maintaining surface water flow during dry periods & storing and slowing of floodwaters, thereby re charging groundwater.

• Part of Team to arrange and host Wetland Awareness Weeks in May 2009 for Schools, Developers & Specialist Task Team Providing livelihoods (e.g. crafts & food production), thereby creating sustainability Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Hartbeespoort Dam Wetlands

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Sediment Removal and Management

Objectives:

Reduction of internal nutrient load in the dam by means of sediment removal in an environmentally safe manner.

Deliverables

• Detailed analyses of sediments completed • • Pilot project – Elands Mine (jelly layer) & Oberon Evaluate potential uses of the nutrient enriched silt material within environmentally & economically sound practices

Challenges

• Develop economic viable sediment recovery practices (from the dam) • Source willing local partners to use material • Acquire land for sediment Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]

Information, Communication & Knowledge Centres

•

Information & Communication Centre (Tan’Malie & Dam Wall) [ICC1] * Information & Communication Centre ( Tan’ Malie & Dam Wall)

•

Komanndo Nek & Oberon – Knowledge & Eco Centres [ICC2] Kommando Nek & Oberon - Knowledge & Eco Centres

* Fish and foodweb restructuring information hub * Shoreline & Floating wetlands information hub * Sustainable development information hub * Waste minimisation information hub •

Ifafi Wetland Information Centre [ICC3] Ifafi Wetland Information Centre

* Wetland information hub •

Aquaculture Information Centre [ICC4] Aquaculture Information Centre

* Aquaculture information hub

[ICC5] Vermiculture Information Centre

* Vermiculture information hub •

Vermiculture Information Centre

Harties, Metsi a me – “My water” www.dwaf.gov.za/harties e-mail: [email protected]