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Setting up Sector Skills Councils (SSCs): Key issues to make operational our mandate J. Manuel Galvin Arribas (Bishkek, 14 April 2014) OUTLINE 1.The ETF working in SSCs with PCs: key principles to organize working cooperation. 2. SSCs in motion linking EDUC & LM: envisaging implementation of objectives & functions in the Kyrgyz regulation. 3. Some recommendations and issues for discussion. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 2 ETF & SSCs : Our key principles SSCs can facilitate to move beyond uncoordinated/ad hoc employer involvement towards more structured sectoral/industrial cooperation to meet current/future skills gaps in the LM. SSCs foster social partners involvement in policy making: > VET relevance. SSCs is not limited exclusively to social dialogue (multi-participatory, technical support /analytical cooperation, etc. ). SSCs leverage for multilevel governance: But: Do SSCs have real autonomy?. The commitment among public and non-state actors: crucial. Added value of sectoral approaches to LLL for articulating more demand-driven skill policies. But: industry voices should jointly identify benefits to be effectively involved (ownership). The ETF: openness & flexible approach towards PCs own SSCs models and activities (not cut and paste if possible please !). The use of pilots schemes: actors will asses real needs, concept/mission/scope/feasibility (etc.) Working challenges: (implement) legislation; status and institutionalization; effective identification of roles, tasks and rules; funding and expertise provision. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 3 SSCs: What, why, who and how? WHAT ? SSCs promote skills development in a given economic sector. They are permanent working structures to identify or analyse skill needs or to otherwise contribute to education and training that will prepare the work force for the specific economic sector. SSCs are platforms of cooperation in which at least two types of stakeholder are involved. These stakeholders may include public authorities, social partners (the representative organisations of employers and employees) and education, vocational training and research institutes/expertise. WHY ? -Identified sectoral gaps/needs: Improve matching between demand & supply in the LM (Quantitative/jobs/ & Qualitative /skills/). -More relevant VET/CVT learning outcomes : Value/ currency of Skills/Competencies in the LM. WHO ? PARTNERSHIP HOW ? -Labour market actors: EmployersEmployer Org.- Business Assot.Chambers, Companies-Workforce-Trade Unions- Professional Assot. -Public Sector: Ministers/National VET agencies/Education & Labour authorities/Sectoral relevant ministers/ VET Schools//Training centres. (1) Analyse of labour market (trends) affecting quantitative/qualitative skill needs. (2) Forecasting skills needs (3) Match training provision to LM needs. (4) Preparation of occupational and/or qualification standards. (5) Policy advice on LLL /VET . (6) Foster cooperation between educational providers and employers. (7) Provision of training for work force (8) Funding of training. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 4 SSCs paper (FOCUS 2): Policy development in ETF PCs Table 1. Sectoral Skill Councils (SSCs): Overview on on-going experiences and policy development in ETF PCs ETF Regions & PCs Western Balkans SERBIA European Neighbourhood East ARMENIA FORMATION- LEGAL STATUS-POLICY FOCUS (4)ITC; Agriculture; Food Industry; Tourism. EU -IPA project- (coming to end). Focus: Review of occupations, jobs, skills, qualification profiles development. 15 sectoral committees which cover big range of economic activities. AZERBAIJAN (7)Construction; Tourism; Energy; Processing industries; Agriculture Transport; Trade and Retail. BELORUSSIA Information Technologies;Managerial activities. GEORGIA (14)Geo-Engineering; Mechanics/Metallurgy; Arts; Business Admin; Tourism; Health; Transport; Energy & Commerce; Agriculture; Mass Media; Construction; Environment-IT; Architecture; Natural Science. REP. of MOLDOVA (4)Construction; Agriculture & Food Processing; Transport; Communications. RUSSIAN FED. UKRAINE Central Asia SECTORS INVOLVED KYRGYSZTAN Multi-sectoral & regional driven initiatives: Network of regional professional agencies. (2)Metallurgy & Mining; Chemical. (7)Light industry; Construction; Agriculture, Tourism; Service (food service); Energetic and Mining. MoE & National Council VET Development (NCVD) Tripartite commissions (chaired by employers). Focus: educational standards /curricula. SSCs exist within project on occupational standards development (Ministry of Labour). Other line Ministries, Employers, Enterprises, Trade Unions, Training providers. State-driven initiative. Decree approved on sectoral qualification councils. Coordination: National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement (NCEQE). Focus Occupational Standards and analysis sectoral labour market and qualifications. Involvement of Business associations, Employers, Professional Organisations Led by Minister of Labour (tripartite approach): Sectoral Commissions for Social Dialogue. Focus: occupational standards, skill need analysis in the labour market. Professional Communities. Government decree. Led by MoE & Agency for Strategic Initiatives. Main focus: occupational standards. Employers-driven initiative. On the basis of Ukrainian Federation of Metallurgy producers. Trade Unions & providers on board. SSCs: Envisaged to be recognised by professional training law. National VET Agency regulation under MoL & National Skills Council. State-driven exploring private actors’ involvement. Focus: occupational standards, certification & matching graduate employment, practice dissemination (etc.) ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 5 How to organise SSCs? A typology Table 2. Typology of Sectoral Skill Councils (SSCs) Classification Type of coverage Scope/Nature Focus on 1 economic sector Focus on more than 1 sector (Transversal ) Regional approaches Institutional mandate Specialized bodies Profile of initiator State-Led/Driven Employer-led Role in the policy making process Decision making Policy functions Limited functions Working Bodies Advisory role Extended functions LLL policy coverage I-VET CVT Both (I-VET+CVT) Key characteristics/features & remarks Sometimes, a National VET Council can be operating by covering all sectors at National or Regional level. Country examples (*) CZ-RO-FIN-DENCAN-UK- KYRG Some SSCs can be operating under umbrella organisations (e.g. tripartite institutions/bodies; Minister departments/Directions; Agencies for VET Quality; National Qualification bodies/authorities, etc.). FR-SPA-BEL-DEN -UKBEL/UK/DEN/FRA /NL/RO (Trans) Own resources/staff/expertise (full-time employees); legal status & permanent public and/or private funded (levy/payroll systems etc.). Represent different sectoral interest groups. Members are employed in represented organisations. Policy dialogue/initiator is mainly led/ funded by Government or state organisation, either or by employer organisations (or by both). The role of the firsts is to become the final decision makers whereas the seconds are limited to deliver advice/non-binding recommendations in skill policies to final decision making actors. UK-NL-CAN CRO BIE-KYRG-SING UK- INDRO CRO-KYRG Ensuring qualitative match between skills demand and VET supply. In addition, members extend their advice/analysis to other policy areas/stakeholders (e.g. VET planning, quantitative skill gaps; skill programmes; education & business partnerships etc.). SSCs can cover I-VET, CVT policies and/or both. They can be sector focus or transversal oriented whilst operating at national either or regional levels. SVK/FRA AUST/BANG/ NETH/ KYRG FRA/POL/SVK SPA/SWE/BEL FIN/EST//ROM/ Source: Buić, N. & Galvin Arribas, J. M (*) Some country examples given are selected due to they might cover more than one category according to their scope/nature. They can be consolidated and/or on-going SSCs experiences’ (in particular, in ETF PCs). Some of them can correspond to sectoral either or transversal councils covering I-VET, CVT or both. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 6 Regulating SSCs system: Check list LEGAL STATUS -Legal entity. -Private/Public. FUNDING VOLUNTARY vs. MANDATORY -Sources . -Funding regulations. ORGANISE WORK -Agenda meetings. -Managing meetings (negotiation/agreements/ voting/minutes approval etc.). MANDATE -Function/Role. -Time frame. SSCs basic Regulation (example) COORDINATION -Relationships SSCs & Public actors. -Coordination among different SSCs. -Secretariat& Experts. -Working groups use. FORMAL NOMINATION -Selecting chair person and other key people COMPOSITION & MEMBERSHIP -Stakeholders on board. -Organisations propose/nominate individuals. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 7 Sector Skills Councils (SSCs) : Contributing to feed back loop between Labour Market & Education LABOUR MARKET DEMAND FOR COMPETENCES FORMULATION OF COMPETENCES REQUIREMENTS ASSESMENT/ CERTIFICATION of COMPETENCES (According to assessment standards) (Expressed in Occupational Standards) LEARNING PROCESSES (According to Educational/ Qualification Standards COMPETENCE BASED-EDUCATION ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 8 Practical process: Linking skills & Labour Market Has need for Who has Verified through Education Program Education system Obtained at Offers program Which gives Required for IT Programmer Occupational Standards Qualification Standard Informs VET provider Y Informs IT competences Expressed in format of Can work at Company X Labour Market needs Qualification of IT technician Employers Education sector ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 9 SSCs contributing to outcome-oriented E&T process PROCESS INPUT Teaching methods, organization/form of classes, didactic concepts etc. Resources- syllabi, teaching material, programs etc. Steering through context variables OUTCOME Knowledge, skills, competences, occupational performance (capacity to implement what was learned in the job). OUTPUT Learning Objectives (learning results in educational context) Steering through outcomes –oriented standards ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 10 Occupational standards formulation & Outcome oriented qualification standards in EU countries 1 OS group: Occupational Standards expressed as classification systems providing statistical categories for the labour market (e.g. ISCO-88) (FR/GR/ROM/SLV/SWT ). 2 OS group: Benchmarks for measuring/ assessing occupational performance, in either a work or educational context (BEL/LITH/MT/POL/UK/) 3 OS group: Describe occupations to which a specific qualification (AT/BEL/EST/FRA/HUNG/ITA/LTV/LUX/NETH/PORT/SPA/SWT/TURK). should lead Table 3. OUTCOME ORIENTED QUALIFICATION STANDARDS IN EU (2010) OUTCOME ORIENTED Belgium-Croatia-Denmark-EstoniaFinland-France-Germany-HungaryIceland-(Ireland-Latvia-Lithuania-MaltaNetherlands-Norway-Poland-PortugalSlovenia-Spain-Sweden-Switzerland-UK- PREPARED (AND INTRODUCED ) NO FORMULATED OUTCOME ORIENTED Austria-BulgariaCzech Republic-ItalyLuxemburg-RomaniaTurkey Cyprus-GreeceLiechtenstein-Slovakia ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 11 SSCs matching & anticipating skills: The case of employer surveys’ Table 4. Drawing up scope of pilot surveys on skill needs in EU Item/Category/Variable TASKS (current & future) Range of definitions -Core tasks -Detailed tasks (microcensus) -Sector Specific Tasks Sources -Occupation Specific Tasks -Existing classifications/Evaluation/ NESS(2009) (current & future) -Generic Skills -Sector Specific skills -Occupation Specific Skills -National Sectoral Studies/ Analysis; DG Employment EU Sectoral Studies/ O* NET /NESS(2009) PIAAC (2014) OCCUPATIONS ISCO 1-digit ISCO 2-digit ISCO 3- digit -National Classification of Occupations (NCOs) SKILLS (current & future) Current & Future Tasks, Skills & Occupations Source: Own elaboration based on Dworschak B, Green, F and Gensicke (2010) LINKS • http://ec.europa.eu/social/keyDocuments.jsp?pager.offset=0&langId=en&mode=advancedSubmit&year=0&country=0 &type=0&advSearchKey=sectors new skills • http://www.onetonline.org/ • http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.ukces.org.uk/press-release/national-employer-skills-survey-forengland-(ness)-2009-full-report-published • http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/ ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 12 SSCs & Public Private Partnerships (PPP) : Case Study (UK) ‘Employer ownership of skill pilot’ 1. Background Competitive fund open to employers to invest in workforce (employer led skills solutions). Training system fully focused on costumers (businesses & employees) thus aligning skills potential with growth investment. The UK Government invests £90 million alongside £115 million of private investment. 2. Recommendations to draw lessons: Funding employers, rather than colleges, for the delivery of apprenticeship schemes. Making public & private investment work harder by measuring the impact on people and business performance rather than simply counting qualifications. Bringing trusted Labour Market Information (LMI) together and making it freely accessible to answer questions like “how many of this type of job will be available in the future?” and “what do people doing that job get paid?” Incentivising employers to work collaboratively and with TU to form industrial partnerships, taking end to end responsibility for skills within a sector or locality by setting standards and defining quality and career pathways. http://www.ukces.org.uk/ourwork/investment/employer-ownership ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 13 Some recommendations and issues for discussion (I) SSCs should focus on a sector rather than a specific or few occupations: skill development, occupational standards and solve skills-matching problems of the respective sector. There must be a recognized need for skills development (e.g. shortage of skills in sector). Financial support : based on performance of SSCs. Success of the work: depends on existence of a sound work plan and strategy . Link mandate with operational objectives & activities. The number of activities: limited (PRIORITIZE ). The quicker and more visible outputs/outcomes are, the more likely that it would have positive impact on VET sector. ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 14 Some recommendations and issues for discussion (II) TERMINOLOGY (big issue): common understanding among labour and education actors (Sector; Competence; Qualification/Educational; Demand-driven curricula Standards, Skills; key competences , etc.). Successful SSCs: ensure participation of social partners, VET providers and government. Companies can support SSCs updating training materials. Such strategic partnerships at sectoral level requires sufficient time to be rolled out. But effective (implementation) of COUNCIL REGULATION is key. SSCs should not substitute conventional social dialogue negotiations. Have you identified already which are the capacities you need to learnt to implement technical tasks in your council? ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development 15 We do what we love, we love what we do! jose-manuel.galvin-arribas@ etf.europa.eu ETF CoP Governance, Partnerships & Regional Development