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C.S. Holling Father of Resilience Theory Awards and Honors Austrian Cross for Science and Art Seven principles for building resilience in social-ecological systems: 1) Maintain diversity and redundancy 2) Manage connectivity 3) Manage slow variables and feed backs 4) Foster complex adaptive systems thinking 5) Encourage learning 6) Broaden participation 7) Promote polycentric governance systems Ecology and Society Editors –in- Chief Carl Folke, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden Lance Gunderson, Emory University, USA Founding Editor- in- Chief C.S. Holling • • • • An electron journal Peer- reviewed Multidisciplinary Devoted to the rapid dissemination of current research Carl Folke and Lance Gunderson Publications Books Three Memorable Points • Resiliency • Adaptability • Panarchy Engineered Resilience Vs. Ecological Resilience comiteresources.net b.wagner Theoretical Framework Behaviors of a system The Basin of Attraction Resilience Four aspects: 1. Latitude: the maximum amount a system can be changed before losing it ability to recover 2. Resistance: the ease or difficulty of changing the system; how “resistant” it is to being changed 3. Precariousness: how close the current state of the system is to the limit 4. Panarchy: how the above three attributes are influenced by the state of dynamics of the system at scales above and below the scale of interest Bayouwoman.com b.wagner Adaptability Actors can: 1. Move the current state of a system away from or closer to the threshold 2. Make the threshold more difficult or easier to reach 3. Manage cross-scale interaction to avoid or generate loss of resilience 4. Managing for single state equilibrium can be a paradox mauricekerrigan.com How Ecosystems Function: The Adaptive Cycle Connectedness Ecology Economics Social Systems Panarchy Local Regional Global Thoughts? References • Resilience Alliance www.resalliance.org • Ecology and Society www.ecologyandsociety.org • Holling, C S. "Resilience And Stability Of Ecological Systems." Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics (): 1-23. Print. • Holling, C. S.. "Cross-Scale Morphology, Geometry, and Dynamics of Ecosystems." Ecological Monographs (): 447. Print. • Gunderson, Lance H.. Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2002. Print. • Holling, C. S.. Adaptive environmental assessment and management. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis ;, 1978. Print • Gunderson, Lance , C.S. Holling, L. Pritchard, and G.D. Peterson. ”Resilience” Encyclopedia of global change: environmental change and human society. Volume 2: The Earth system: biological and ecological dimension of global environmental change pg. 530-531.