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Tatau p
ē Equality
and
Talanoa
Tongan Oral Culture
Dr Amelia Afuha’amngoTuipulotu Supervisors: A/Professor Maureen Boughton Professor Jill White The University of Sydney
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Kano’i Lea
Content Overview
Background Global and Tongan Contexts The Research Approach Research in Process 3 Foundational Elements for Nursing Practice: Challenges and Enablers Tatau pē
Equality
and Talanoa
Tongan Oral Culture
The Future of Nursing and Midwifery Practice- Where to from here?
Holomui ki mu’a
Background
1. Personal Philosophical Stance 2. a. Contrasting Nursing Experiences Socrates Philosophy “I only know that I know Nothing” b. Externally driven Projects
Holomui ki mu’a
Background
Purpose of the Study To explore and identify collaboratively with Tongan nurses the foundational elements that will underpin the implementation of standards for nursing practice in Tonga
Holomui ki mu’a
Background
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Significance of the Study Gaining insights and understanding: enablers and challenges Identification of Context-specific foundational elements for standards: to inform future development of standards “Bottom up” Approach
Competency Standards in the Global Context
Western World
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Challenges b.
Why competency standards (CS) emerged?
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Other Conceptualisations surrounding CS d.
Analysis of Professional CS e.
Critiques of CS f.
Gaps in the Literature
The Tongan Context
The Four Strands for Development: The Kafa Pekepeka
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Cultural Influences b.
Economic situation c.
Political Influence d.
Geographical Influence
The Research Approach
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Constructivism Paradigm: multiples, constructed, context-specific b.
Influences from Action Research Perspective: participation, collaboration, reflection, investigation, reflective cycles c.
Data Analysis Frameworks: Thorne (1997), Sandelowski (2000)-Braun & Clarke (2006): 6 Phases-1.familiarizing, 2.coding, 3.searching for themes, 4.reviewing themes, 5.defining themes, 6.reporting
Research Process
Group meeting 1
4 focus groups with all 10 co researchers
Group meeting 2 Group meeting 3 Group meeting 4
10 co-researchers divided into two groups 6 focus groups with 5 co researchers in each Community Community Community Clinical Clinical Clinical Focus Group (10 co-researchers) Nursing Profession Final meeting with group of co researchers List of Broad Themes Emerged Endorsement Cycles Nursing leaders Community nurses School of Nursing Clinical nurses Retired nurses Nurses in the outer islands
3 Foundational Elements: Challenges and Enablers
3 Ike
wooden mallet
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Patient Care Management 2.
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Professional Comportment and Development Resource Management
1. Tokangaekina ‘a e Mo’ui ‘a e Kakai
Patient Care Management
a. Communication: Patients, Leaders, Doctors b. Quality and Safety: Practice, Workforce adequacy, Supervision, Competence Assessment
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Nurses’ Level of Knowledge 2. Attitudes of all 3. Work overload 4. Supervision of Practice
2. ‘Ulungaanga moe Tupulekina Fakapolofesinale
Professional Comportment and Development
1 ‘Ulungaanga
Attitudes
2 Ngaahi Vaa
Relationships
3 Tupulekina
Professional Development
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Nurses’ Level of Knowledge Nurses’ willingness to listen and show restrain 3. Lack of ongoing development, supervision, structure 4. Attitudes of all
3. Tokangaekina ‘o e Ngaahi Naunau Fakangaue Resource
Management
1. Understanding Scarcity of basic Resources – a Reality 2. Fakapotopoto mo Fakama’opo’opo –
Tongan economic strategy
3. Fetokoni’aki mo Fevahevahe’aki –Tongan Communal sharing 2.
1. Lack of understanding Nurses’ level of knowledge 3. Lack of maintenance 4. Attitudes of all
Ngaahi Poupou
Enablers for Nursing Practice
1. Encouraging Talanoa
Tongan oral culture 2.
Ongoing development 3. Embracing good attitudes 4. Building
Va Relationships 5. Empowering one another 6. Structures in Place 7. Safe Nurse-Patient Workload 8. Ensuring Basic Resources are Place 9.
Kau Katoa
Everyone Caring for Resources
Tatau pe Equality & Talanoa Tongan Oral Culture:
The two Strands
Tatau pē Equality
Respect Inclusiveness Recognition Empowerment Equal treatment Tongan Hierarchical Society
All stakeholders; patients, nurses and leaders are equal in relation to respect, inclusiveness, recognition, empowerment and treatment despite their individual status within the Tongan hierarchical society.
Patients
Talanoa Tongan Oral Culture
Nurses Nurses Patients Increasing Talanoa A Leaders Increasing Talanoa from A to B will lead to stakeholders coming closer together B Leaders
Koe Luva atu
Our Me’a’ofa Gift
Siueli ‘o Tonga Motu’a
Tongan Concepts
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Pukepuke
Priceless
‘a Fufula
Nurturing the
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Hoko e Fau moe Fau
Excellence woven into Excellence
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Alai-sia-alai-Kolonga
Ambidextrousness of Talent and Performance
The Future of Nursing and Midwifery where are we heading?
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Leadership 2.
Regulation (and Accreditation) 3.
Workforce Development 4.
Innovation/ Relevance in Education and Practice 5.
Working Together: The Responsibility of All-Local, Regional and Global Contexts
Sosaieti ma’ui’ui matala ‘alaha ‘i Onopooni
A fertile society blossoming into the Modern World
First International Conference for Tongan Nurses, 2010