Transcript Ch 19 - Mr. Zittle`s Classroom

Name this place!
• One of the world’s oldest civilizations with over 4,000
years of continuous history
• This society has one of the world’s oldest written
language systems
• Borders 14 countries and 4 seas
• The official language has over 20,000 characters
although the average person only learns about 5,000
• The most populous country in the world with 1.4 billion
• This countries Great Wall is over 1,500 miles in length
Chapter 19.2
40a - describe the policies of the
Tokugawa and Qing rulers, to
include Oda Nobunaga and
Kangxi (include how Oda
Nobunaga laid the groundwork for
Tokugawa rulers)
40b - analyze the impact of
population growth and its impact
on the social structure
Essential Questions
• Who were the late dynasties in China?
• Why did they practice isolationism and
how did this affect their society?
• What is isolationism?
The Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644)
• The first Ming
Emperor, a peasant’s
son Hongwu, drove
out the Mongols in
1368
• Helped China return to
health and prosperity
• Reformer
•
•
•
Confucianism
Land
Agriculture
• Ruthless ruler
• Moved the capital to
Beijing
Manchus and the Qing Dynasty
• The Manchus were a people from Northeast China
(think Manchuria); not ethnically Chinese
• The Manchus took a Chinese name for their dynasty –
Qing Dynasty
• Last dynasty in China
• The Dutch won favorable status for trading by paying
tribute and “kowtowing”
Kangxi
• Ruled for 60 years starting in 1661
• Reduced government expenses and lowered taxes
• Put intellectuals into government positions; patron of the
arts
• What does patron mean?
Review
• Who were the people that took over China from the Ming
Dynasty?
• What was their name?
• What was one contribution of Kangxi?
Why? Get with a partner and write down
two reasons why you think this population
boom may have occurred.
Life under the Qing
• Food production increased, nutrition improved, and
families expanded
• Presided over a time of peace
• Practiced isolationism with the outside world
• Confucianism values agriculture over commerce/trade
3-2-1
• Here’s What: Describe one very important concept that
you learned during this lesson.
So What: How can you study/connect this concept so
you will know that you understand/remember it?
Now What: How can you use this concept to help you
become a better social studies reader, writer, or problem
solver?
19.3
• Essential Questions
• What social, social, political, and economic changes
occurred in Japan starting in the 17th Century?
• Who were the leaders of this change and how did
they facilitate it?
What is this country?
What does this pyramid represent? Get with
a partner and let’s discuss for two minutes.
Setting the stage
• Civil war shattered Japans old feudal system
• 1467 – 1568 is known as the Sengoku Period – “warring
states” period
• The Daimyo seized control and offered protection to
peasants in return for their loyalty
• The Emperor become only a “figurehead”
• What do we mean by “figurehead?”
Oda Nobunga
• Powerful Daimyo – seized power from rivals and capital
in Kyoto
• Was still not able to unify Japan so he committed
seppuku (ritual suicide)
• “Rule Empire by force”
• His successor was Toyotomi Hideyoshi
• Hideyoshi unified most of Japan
Tokugawa Shogunate unifies Japan
• Tokugawa Ieysu successfully unified Japan in 1600
• Asked the Daimyo to spend every other year in the
capital to prevent them from rebelling – alternate
attendance policy!!!!
• Moved capital to small fishing village called Edo… which
would later become…. Take a guess…
• Tokugawa Shogunate – dynasty that ruled Japan from
1603 – 1867
• Military government
• Absolute Power
Review
• What is the name for the powerful lord equivalent to a
European Noble?
• Who seized power from rivals and capital but was unable
to unify Japan?
• Who successfully unified Japan and stated a
dynasty/shogunate?
Life in Tokugawa Japan
• 200+ years of prosperity, peace, and isolation
• Peasants and farmers faced most difficulties
• More food produced – what does this do to
population?
Shogun
• Social Structure
Daimyo
• New feudal structure
Samurai
Peasant/Artisans
Merchant Class
Culture
• Haiku
• 5 – 7 – 5 syllable, 3 line poetry
Culture (continued)
• Kabuki Theater – Actors in elaborate costumes perform
skits about life
Contact between Europe and Japan
• Japanese first encountered Europeans in 1543 after a
Portuguese ship shipwrecked on their coast
• They began a trading relationship
• Tokugawa Shoguns took steps to suppress Christianity
• Instituted a “closed door policy” for more than 200 years
Review
• Describe a Haiku?
• What is Kabuki Theater?
• Why do you think the Japanese instituted a policy of
isolationism?
Summarize
• Summarize what you learned today in ONE WORD!