Transcript Western Australian success story

Crop Specific Foliars
Tank Mix with Liquid Urea, Flexi, Easy N (UAN)
For Maximum Yield, Protein and Profit
Gents,
Please find attached the pictures of my mixing tank and
the crops that we are spraying now with 2L of Cereal Plus
and 10kg of Urea in 60L of water with 800mls of Ester
and a 20% of normal wetter rate. Conditions are excellent
and there is no leaf burn.
Please note the Urea mixing tank was a quick fix and
only temporary to get us going but very effective, we are
dissolving 1500kg of Urea in 8000L of water in 20-30
minutes and at 60L of total water rate we are applying
10kg of Urea per hectare which is 4.6 kg of N per
hectare.
So far this crop has had 60kg of Agstar and 25kg of Urea
spread on two weeks ago before a 6mm rain event.
I spoke to Hooshang about my N rate from here on,
deciding between 10 or 20kg through the leaf and he
advised to just apply 10kg.
He said if we push N to high in the foliar we will encourage
more weak tillers which most likely won’t finish, instead go
with a moderate rate of N with the Cereal Plus to balance
up the Phosphorus and trace elements and that will make
the tillers stronger and more viable, we call it “tiller
maintenance” we want to encourage big heads and grain
fill not excessive vegetative growth.
We are growing grain crops not hay crops the golden rule
is be economical with Nitrogen and back it up with the
other essential nutrients which are found in Cereal Plus.
Grant Borgward
RLF
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Note good tillering
Do not make the tillers weak by applying too much Nitrogen
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Crop has good potential but we want to keep the tillers strong and viable so
they will make grain. That is why every time we apply Nitrogen, we also apply
Cereal Plus with Phosphorus and Trace Elements.
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION BULLETIN
Foliar Spraying Nitrogen
Urea is a preferred form of nitrogen for foliar application. As urea and UAN prices are generally comparable, the agronomic
advantages of urea over UAN should be remembered when foliar nitrogen is applied. These advantages are as follows:
1.
Per unit nitrogen supplied, urea has a lower osmotic pressure (higher water potential) than UAN; it therefore has less
danger of causing plasmolysis when used at high concentrations or in dry conditions.
2.
One quarter of UAN nitrogen is nitrate; nitrate needs to be reduced in the plant to ammonia in order to be incorporated
into amino acids and proteins. The reduction of nitrate to ammonia uses photosynthetic or respiratory energy thus
slowing down other metabolic pathways.
3.
Urea converts to ammonia once absorbed. It saves the plant energy which is otherwise used in reduction of nitrate.
4.
One quarter of UAN nitrogen is as ammonium ion (NH4+). Ammonium ion being a cation competes for entry into free
space and uptake sites with cations like trace elements that are often used in tank mixes to correct trace element
deficiencies. Thus urea not having a charge has no such suppressive action on uptake of zinc, copper, manganese etc.
unlike UAN or ammonium nitrate.
5.
Ammonium ion of UAN at high concentrations could replace calcium in the cell membrane and thus increase
membrane permeability, the result of which is to reduce net uptake of nutrients (due to increased efflux). Urea does not
have a charge to interfere with calcium status of the cell membrane or cell wall.
For the above reasons, when there is a need to apply high rates of nitrogen, the choice of product is urea rather than UAN.
Dr. Hooshang Nassery (Ph.D.)
Phone: (08) 8367 9842
Mobile: 0403 016 369
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Urea Hopper
2000 Kg
Cereal Plus
1-2 L/Ha
Mixing Tank
9000 Litres
Equipment Setup
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Two inch (2”) Poly Pump for Agitation
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Dissolving Urea
It takes approximately 20 minutes for 1500kg of Urea to dissolve in 9000 L of
total water volume
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Nurse Truck for Fast Filling
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Spraying recommendation:
Start spraying your crop from the 3-5 leaf stage.
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Spraying recommendation:
Spray twice if possible for maximum yield and protein, as well as reduced
screenings.
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My aim is to grow healthy crops from the base to the tip. We like to split apply
nutrients as much as possible. The more we foliar spray, the better the root
systems and they are the key to accessing the soil reserves of nutrients and
moisture for extra profit.
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Product
Analysis
G/L
%W/V
Nitrogen
57.50
5.75
Phosphorus
116.20
11.62
Potassium
35.00
3.50
Sulphur
28.00
2.80
Magnesium
20.60
2.06
Iron
2.90
0.29
Copper
3.20
0.32
Zinc
18.40
1.84
Manganese
28.20
2.82
Boron
3.00
0.30
Molybdenum
0.20
0.02
Cobalt
0.10
0.01
Nitrogen
108.60
10.86
Phosphorus
124.40
12.44
Potassium
33.00
3.30
Sulphur
21.00
2.10
Magnesium
19.20
1.92
Iron
2.80
0.38
Copper
3.00
0.30
Zinc
20.00
2.00
Manganese
13.30
1.33
Boron
7.00
0.70
Molybdenum
0.40
0.04
Cobalt
0.10
0.01
Crop Specific Foliars
Source: RLF Pty Ltd
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Crop
Litres/t of
target yield
Best timing
Wheat, Oats
1.00 to 2.25
Early to mid-tillering
Barley,
Triticale &
Rye
0.75 to 1.0
Early to mid-tillering
Maize,
Sweet Corn,
Popcorn
0.75 to 1.0
4 to 8 leaf
Sorghum &
Millets
1.0 to 1.5
4 leaf stage to
flowering
Rice
0.5 to 0.75
Mid-tillering to
panicle Initiation
Canola &
Linola
1.0 to 2.0
Safflower
1.0 to 2.0
Good canopy
formation
Linseed
1.0 to 2.0
Sunflower
1.0 to 2.0
Program
Analysis and Rate
matched to target yield
Example:
• Wheat crop target yield of 2.5 t/ha
• Seed primed with 5L/tn of BSNSS
• Seeding rate 75kg/ha
• Foliar sprayed with 2.5L/ha
Cereal Plus
Example:
• Canola crop target yield of 1.8 t/ha
• Seed primed with 10L/tn of BSNSS
• Seeding rate 5kg/ha
• Foliar sprayed with 4.0 L/ha
Canola Plus
Notes:
Product
Analysis
G/L
Nitrogen
57.00
5.70
Phosphorus
124.40
12.44
Potassium
34.50
3.45
Sulphur
30.00
3.00
Magnesium
20.00
2.00
Iron
2.90
0.29
Copper
3.10
0.31
Zinc
21.30
2.13
Manganese
28.00
2.80
Boron
7.40
0.74
Molybdenum
0.40
0.04
Cobalt
0.60
0.06
Nitrogen
90.50
9.05
Phosphorus
103.70
10.37
Potassium
27.50
2.75
Sulphur
29.40
2.94
Magnesium
16.50
1.65
Iron
2.30
0.23
Copper
2.50
0.25
Zinc
41.00
4.10
Manganese
11.10
1.11
Boron
5.80
0.58
Molybdenum
0.33
0.033
Cobalt
0.08
0.008
Crop Specific Foliars
Source: RLF Pty Ltd
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%W/V
Crop
Litres/t of
target yield
Best timing
Lupine,
Faba Bean,
Lentil,
Vetches
1.0 to 2.0
Field Peas,
Chickpea &
Cowpea
1.0 to 2.0
Peanut
1.0 to 1.5
Soybean
1.0 to 1.5
Lucene,
Forage &
Silage
4L/Ha
From 2 weeks after
emergence and/or
after each cut
All cereals
2L/Ha
Between
emergence and
mid-tillering
Legumes,
Lupins,
Peas, Beans
4L/Ha
4 to 10 weeks after
emergence
Canola
4L/Ha
From emergence to
9 leaf stage
Good canopy
formation
Program
Analysis and Rate matched to target
yield
Example:
• Lupin crop target yield of 1.5 t/ha
• Seed primed with 5L/tn of BSN12
• Seeding rate 100kg/ha
• Foliar sprayed with 2.5 L/ha
Legume Plus
Notes:
What is Fertiliser Integration?
• Fertiliser integration is a process in which seed, soil and foliage are employed to
synergistically improve nutrient & water use efficiencies
• “Fertiliser integration starts when metabolic events following
seed and foliage treatment are translated to the root.”
• “Increased root efficiency results in changes in metabolism and
hormones interacting with rhizosphere and plant top.”
• “Plant growth, stress resistance and yield is improved.”
• “The nature and mechanism of this translation is complex and is
generally little known in the agriculture industry.”
Dr Hooshang Nassery
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The success of Fertiliser Integration depends on;
• Treating seeds with penetrating solution to raise nutrient levels to optimum/above
optimum.
This enables seedlings to set a higher yield potential, form greater root exploring
ability and better stress resistance.
• Applying fertiliser to soils at optimum but not excessive levels.
This is determined by fertiliser history, soil test and potential/expected yield.
• Using foliar fertilisers to avoid ‘hidden hunger’& ‘hidden yield loss’.
This is achieved by using especially formulated foliar fertiliser that could sustain the
momentum of root efficiency/ exploration.
• The success of fertiliser integration is jeopardized when soil input exceeds crop
demand, thus moderate fertiliser input and stepwise nitrogen applications should be
practiced.
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