Transcript ENGR-25_Lec-27_MuPAD_Intro

Engr/Math/Physics 25
Chp11:
MuPAD
Bruce Mayer, PE
Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
[email protected]
Engineering/Math/Physics 25: Computational Methods
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[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Learning Goals
 Understand and Open MuPAD
“NoteBooks”
 Work within the NoteBooks to perform
SYMBOLIC CALCULATIONS including
• Algebra
• Transcendental Equations
• Calculus
• Ordinary
Differential
Equations
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Chapter Sections NOT Covered
 §4 → Matrix Operations
 §7 → LaPlace Transforms
 §8 → Special Functions
 Carefully Study the Book for Syntax
• Learn MuPAD by
– “Stare & Compare” (examples)
– Hacking
– And, if all else fails, then HELP!
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Learning Goals
 Use MuPAD to create PLOTS of
functions
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MATLAB Symbolic MATH
 In Addition to Using NUMBERS
MATLAB can Manipulate SYMBOLS
 Basically, a Mathematics HandBook has
been codifed in Software by a group at
the University of Paderborn in Germany
 The MathWORKS Purchased The
“MuPAD” Symbolic Math “Engine” (or
“Kernal”), and Integrated it into MATLAB
• MuPAD uses Pascal-like Syntax
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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MuPAD → SYMBOLIC Calcs
 MuPAD, sort of Like SimuLink, is a
program within-a Program
• SimuLink creates Icon-based “Models” (.mdl)
of Mathematical Systems
– SimuLink produces NUMERICAL Resuls
 MuPAD creates “NoteBooks” (.mn) in
which SYMBOLIC quantities can be used
• The Symbols can be associated with NO
particular number value
– It’s similar to a Math Book that does the work
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Symbolic Computation
 The Differences Between Symbolic and
Numeric Computation
Numerical
Variables Represent
Numbers
Variables are Symbols; e.g., x,
y, z, β, θ, σ
Answers can Only be
Numbers
Answers can contain Variables
and Functions
Numeric Computation
can be done using
Standard Programming
Languages
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Symbolic
Symbolic computations are not
similar to standard programming
languages – they use symbolic
Manipulations
Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
MuPAD BackGround
 MuPAD is a part a generic class of
Software called a “Computer
Algebra System” (CAS).
• MuPAD research group at the University of
Paderborn, Germany originally developed
this symbolic-manipulation software
 The MathWORKS purchased MuPAD to
replace the previous “Symbolic Math
Kernal” written by MapleSoft
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[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Sample of MuPAD Capabilities
 Create SYMBOLIC expressions and
manipulate them algebraically.
 Obtain SYMBOLIC and numeric
solutions to algebraic and
transcendental equations.
 Perform SYMBOLIC LINEAR
ALGEBRA operations, including
obtaining expressions for determinants,
matrix inverses, and others.
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Sample of MuPAD Capabilities
 Perform SYMBOLIC differentiation
and integration
 Evaluate limits and series
SYMBOLICALLY.
 Obtain SYMBOLIC solutions to Ordinary
Differential Equations (ODEs).
 Solve ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS in terms of special
functions or series.
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
MuPAD “NoteBook”
 MuPAD creates within MATLAB its own
working SubWindows Called NoteBooks
• The User works/types in the “NoteBooks”
• NoteBooks saved with extension: .mn
 For MuPAD beginers it’s best start at
the MuPAD “Welcome” screen
 At the MATLAB Command Prompt type
mupadwelcome
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mupadwelcome Screen
 Suggest Spending Some time in the
“Getting Started” section
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Go Directly to WorkBook
 In MATLAB
command
window type
mupad
 A MuPAD
NoteBook
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NoteBook Regions Calcs
CALC Regions
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NoteBook Regions Text
TEXT Regions
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NoteBook Regions OutPut
OutPut Regions
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Importance of “Evaluation”
 The CALCULATION regions in MuPAD
can be Inserted, Deleted, Edited
 After Editing, We may have to
EVALUATE the edit using the TOOL or
PULL DOWN MENU
 If a change in an OUTPUT Region does
NOT happen as expected; then be
SURE to EVALUATE the CALC region
• “EVALUATE ALL” often works best
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Evaluate by TOOL
 Place the cursor
IN the CALC
Region
 Then Hit the
Evaluate Button
to initiate the
Calculation
 Note also the
ASSIGNMENT
Operator →
:=
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After EVALUATE
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Evaluate Options
 Use the PullDown Menu for
Different forms of
the
EVALUATION
 Use the
NOTEBOOK
Pull-Down
• “Evalute All”
works well
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MuPAD Syntax & Structure
 TEXT regions do
NOT have a left
Bracket
 CALC & OUTPUT
Regions DO have a
Left Bracket
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 Interaction with
INTEGERS
Produces a
SYMBOLIC OutPut
 Using a decimal
Point Produces a
NUMBER Result
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MuPAD Syntax & Structure
 Reserved Symbols

 Log Examples
 PI
e

i  j  1 
E
I
 The Logarithms
log b
 Base - b log
ln
 Base - e log
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A Decimal
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FLOAT command
 The float
command produces
a DECIMAL Result
for an otherwise
integer display
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 Caveat on float(%)
 The float(%)
command changes
the LAST
EVALUATED result
to a decimal; not
necessarily the value
right above (or below)
the float(%)
command
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Float(%) Confusion
 Bottom Expression
Evaluated LAST
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 First Expression
Edited then Eval’d
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Command Bar
 ShortCuts to
Commands in:
The General Math Menu
Expand
Simplify
Factor
Combine
Normalize
Rewrite
Evaluate
Solve
Items on the Command bar
Derivatives
Integrals
Solve Equations
Numerical Evaluation and Rounding
Math Operators
Trig Functions
Reserved Symbols
Matrices and Vectors
Limits
Rewrite Expressions
Simplify
Equality Tests
Factorials
Exponentials and Logs
Greek Letters
2D Plot
Sums
Products
Evaluate with x = a
Assignment
Function Definition
Piecewise Definitions
Physical Units
3D Plot
 Items on the
Command Bar use
# as a PlaceHolder
that MUST be
replaced
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Expression vs. Function
 An EXPRESSION
Example
 A MuPAD Function is
called a Procedure
• Construction looks like
an anonymous fcn
– Use “->” in place of @
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Plots are Easy
 Plot from a
Procedure (UDF)
 Plot from an
Expression
No SemiColon
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[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Printing from MuPAD
 Each NoteBook must
be Printed Separately
 Use standard Windows
Pull-Down Menu:
• File → Print
 These should appear in
all Notebks
• Student Name
• ENGR25
• HW Problem Number
• Date Created/Printed
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 The TEXT regions
can be copied &
pasted in the normal
fashion
 In MSWord The
BLUE “Hand Math”
must be copied and
“Pasted Special” as
a “Device
Independent
Bitmap”
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 In PPT A Plain
“Bitmap” PasteSpecial also works
 Examples of the two
Bitmaps into PPT
shown below
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Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 Pasting in MSWord requires TWO
Copy-n-Paste Operations
1. Paste TEXT Regions NORMALLY
2. Paste “Script Math” Using “Paste Special”
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[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 Copying GRAPHS
requires at THIRD
Operation
 Click the Graph to
Activate the Plot
Menu Bar
 Make the Graph
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Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 Use Pull-Down
Menu
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 The Thick border
indicates graphic
has been copied to
the clipboard
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Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 Then NORMAL Paste into Word
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Copy-n-Paste in MuPAD
 To AVOID All this Copy-n-Paste Hassle
• Simplest is to just PRINT the MuPAD
NoteBook
– Only get one Problem per sheet
• Do an alt+PrtScrn to copy the MuPAD
window, then paste the whole window into
MSWord
• Do an entire SCREEN-SHOT and crop it
back to the MuPAD part
– If MuPAD window not maximized
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Example  Algebra
 Given Expressions
A  y  15 y  75 y
3
2
B   y  5  20 y
2
 For This situation find
• The Product A∙B in Simplest Form
• The Quotient A/B in Simplest Form
• Evaluate A+B at y = 8.3 in
– Symbolic form
– Numeric form
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Algebra Example
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Solving Equation  solve(eqn)
SOLVE
in here
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Solve Systems of Eqns
 Solve by MuPAD
1x

1y

2z

11
1x
1x


1y
2y


3z
1z


14
5
1
2
3
 Note the use of
SQUARE Brackets
 and
2x

4y

3z

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x
4x


2y
y


z
z


0
6
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1
2
3
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solve::numeric
5
X: -2.76
Y: 0.1141
X: 2.76
Y: 0.1141
0
 Some eqns do NOT
have Algebraic
solution, such as
x
2
 14  7 cos x 
-5
-10
-15
-20
Solutions ≈ x = ±2.76
-25
-5
 Solve by regular
MATLAB → fzero
 Use fplot for
x  14  7 cos x   0
2
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-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
ParabCos = @(x) x.^2-14 - 7*cos(x);
fplot(ParabCos,[-5 5]), grid
sL = fzero(ParabCos, -3)
sR = fzero(ParabCos, +3)
RESULT:
sL =
-2.7460
sR =
2.7460
Bruce Mayer, PE
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solve::numeric
 Now use numeric
modifier in MuPAD
 Chk with MuPAD
No Symbol Soln
Only ONE Solution
LEFT Solution
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RIGHT Solution
Bruce Mayer, PE
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Formatting Plots
 Make a plot, then
click the plot to
CHANGE the tool
Bar
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 Click the “Object
Browser” Button
 Explore the options
in the two boxes at
right (click upper
item first)
Bruce Mayer, PE
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After some menu Exploration
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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EXPORT Graphs
 RIGHT Click the Graphic, then Follow
the “Wizard” instructions
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Graph Export (JPEG) Result
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Derivatives  diff(f,x)
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Example  diff at a value
 A chance to use the
subs command
 Given:
u  cosh 5v sinh(3v)
 Find by MuPAD
du
dv v 0.3
Engineering/Math/Physics 25: Computational Methods
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Integrals 
int(f,x)
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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ODEs  solve(ode(#, #(#)))
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Bruce Mayer, PE
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Example  assume
 Solve this ODE
d2y
 ky  0
2
dx
 The assume
command notifies
MuPAD about the
Constraint
 With Boundary
Conditions
y 0   1
dy
dx x 0  0
 With Constraint
k 0
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
All Done for Today
MuPAD
used to
be Free
A 523 Page MuPAD Tutorial
http://www.calvin.edu/~tmk5/research/mupad_tutorial.pdf
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Engr/Math/Physics 25
Appendix
f x   2 x  7 x  9 x  6
3

2

5 y  3 y  7 y  f t 
Bruce Mayer, PE
Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
[email protected]
Engineering/Math/Physics 25: Computational Methods
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt
Tutorial on Plot Formating
 Use
ENGR25_MuPAD_t
utorial_format_plot_
1111.mn
 Solve Make Graph
 Format with
OBJECT
BROWSER tool
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Bruce Mayer, PE
[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-25_SimuLink-2.ppt