Transcript Nursing Informatics

NURSING INFORMATICS
Dr. Ali M. Hadianfard
Faculty member of AJUMS
http://www.alihadianfard.info/download.html
Further reading
• Nursing Informatics Where Technology and Caring, Marion J.
Ball, 2011.
• Biomedical Informatics-Computer Applications in Health Care
and Biomedicine, Edward H. Shortliffe, James J. Cimino, 3rd Ed.,
2006 (chapter 17).
What is nursing informatics?
• Nursing Informatics is the "science and practice (that) integrates nursing, its
information and knowledge, with management of information and communication
technologies to promote the health of people, families, and communities worldwide”
(IMIA, 2009).
• A specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information
science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing
practice. Nursing informatics facilitates the integration of data, information and
knowledge to support patients, nurses and other providers in their decision-making
in all roles and settings.
• The goal of nursing informatics is to design and implement systems that improve
documentation accuracy, eliminate unnecessary work, enhance accuracy and enable
analysis of clinical data.
• Informatics is no longer an option for nurses and other health care providers. It is a
requirement.
How do Informatics Nurses Impact the Nursing Process?
o Communicate & coordinate care with all other clinical
disciplines
o Coordinate discharge planning, education & teaching,
transitions of care
o Manage all information related to the nursing process and
patient care delivery
Because informatics is integrated into nursing practice.
They are now additional steps in the nursing process.
TIGER
Technology Informatics Guiding Educational Reform (TIGER;
www.tigersummit.com) Initiative is a major resource for nursing informatics
competencies. The purpose of TIGER is to integrate informatics to the practice of
every nurse.
The TIGER was formed in 2004 to bring together nursing stakeholders to develop
a shared vision, strategies, and specific actions for improving nursing practice,
education, and the delivery of patient care through the use of health information
technology (IT). In 2006, the TIGER Initiative convened a summit of nursing
stakeholders to develop, publish, and commit to carrying out the action steps
defined within this plan. The Summary Report titled Evidence and Informatics
Transforming Nursing: 3-Year Action Steps toward a 10-Year Vision.
The TIGER Allows informatics tools, principles, theories and practices to be used
by nurses to make healthcare safer, effective, efficient, patient-centered, timely
and equitable.
Point of Care (POC) systems
POC include services provided to patients at the bedside such as diagnostic
and laboratory testing using automated information entry systems.
Clinicians want a product that can help them do everything they need to do
at the point of care.
Smart POC systems have key attributes, namely:
• They anticipate your needs – have data/information you need before you
need it
• They understand your context-dependent workflows
• They wait on you
• They hide all the complexity of underlying health IT systems with
simplicity (“magical” IT)
• They are built to bring immediate value to you
The Smart POC system is designed to:
- Automatically present relevant clinical data and
information via prefilled “Clinical Widgets”
- Offer “Executable” patient care plans
- Unobtrusively collect patient data
- Generate relevant charge or billing information as a
by-product
- Adapt to the nurse’s and communities’ best practices
Benefits of the Point-of-Care (POC) Model
-
Improvements in data completeness and accuracy, and timeliness of
reports
-
Clinical decision support
-
Encoding of clinical protocols and guidelines in the system
-
Improvements in efficiency
-
Immediate availability of information in the system to the healthcare
practitioners while managing the patient
-
Supporting a team-based approach to patient management
-
Clinical calculation
-
Noninvasive methods: The recent trend has been to design noninvasive
methods. Much of development of noninvasive technology can be
attributed to the availability of microcomputers and solid-state sensors.
Using computer in Point of Care
ICU units use computer almost universally for the following purposes:
-
To acquire physiological data frequently or continuously, such as blood pressure
readings
-
To communicate information from data-producing systems to remote locations
(e.g., laboratory and radiology departments)
-
To store, organize, and report data
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To integrate and correlate data from multiple sources
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To provide clinical alerts and advisories based on multiple sources of data
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To function as a decision-making tool that health professionals may use in
planning the care of critically ill patients
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To measure the severity of illness for patient classification purposes
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To analyze the outcomes of ICU care in terms of clinical effectiveness and cost
effectiveness
Point of Care Laboratory Testing
Many laboratory tests, including pH, PO2, PCO2, HCO3,
electrolytes, glucose, ionized calcium, other chemistries,
hemoglobin, and hematocrit, can be performed in 2 minutes using
two or three drops of blood.
Results are displayed on the bedside physiological monitor and are
stored in the monitor’s database for comparison with previous
results. These laboratory results obtained at the bedside are also
automatically
transmitted through the monitoring network and hospital’s
backbone network to the laboratory computer system, and other
systems as required, so that the results can be integrated into the
patient’s long-term records.
Automated data capture from bedside
medical devices is now possible using
the IEEE MIB 1073 communications
standards (the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers Medical
Information Bus P1073 standard) . With
these standards in place, it is possible
for vendors and hospitals to implement
“plug and play” interfaces to a wide
variety of bedside medical devices such
as bedside monitors, IV pumps, and
ventilators.