Transcript Cubism – JC
CUBISM
Jong Ho Chong
Basic History of Cubism 1. Place 2. Timeline 3. Definition
Place
Paris
Timeline
• Early Cubism or Cézannisme (1907-1910) • Analytic Cubism (1910-1912) • Synthetic Cubism (1912- 1914) • Late Cubism (1915- Present)
Definition
• A movement in art • in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned (simultaneity) • Made of simple geometric shapes (geometricity) • interlocking planes, and, later, collage (passage)
What makes an artwork “Cubism”
1. Simultaneity 2. Geometricity 3. Passage
Simultaneity
• Having Various Views on objects in picture • Developed from the desire of depicting a three-dimensional objects • Examples) - The Table by Georges Braque - Le Jour by Georges Braque
Example of Simultaneity
The Table Le Jour Braque, Georges, The Table 1928 oil on canvas 81.3 x 130.8 cm, Chester Dale Collection,
http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/ chester_dale_collection/cdc_nga_2010-11_78.htm, September 15, 2013
Braque, Georges, Le Jour 1929 oil on canvas 81.3 x 130.8 cm, Chester Dale Collection,
http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/ chester_dale_collection/cdc_nga_2010-11_80.htm, September 15, 2013
Geometricity
• Having simple shapes to make an artwork • Developed from desire for abstract art • Examples) - Girl with a Mandolin by Pablo Picasso - Portrait of Ambroise Vollard by Pablo Picasso
Example of Geometricity
Girl with a Mandolin Portrait of Ambroise Vallord
Picasso, Pablo, Girl With a Mandolin 1910 Oil on canvas,100.3cm x73.6cm Museum of Modern Art, http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/cubism /, September 15, 2013 Picasso, Pablo, Portrait of Ambroise Vallord 1910 Oil on canvas,92cm x65cm Pushkin Museum of Fine Art, http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/cubism /, September 15, 2013
Passage
• Objects penetrating other objects • Desire from showing various angles in drawing • Examples) - Chair Caning by Pablo Picasso - Violin and Glass by Juan Gris
Example of Passage
Chair Caning Violin and Glass
Picasso, Pablo, Chair Caning 1912 Oil on canvas,27cm x35cm Musee Picasso, http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/picasso/chairca n.jpg.html, September 15, 2013 Gris, Juan, Violin and Glass 1915 Oil on canvas,92cm x60cm Fogg Art Museum, http://www.pixel77.com/the-influence-of-art-history on-modern-design-cubism/, September 15, 2013
How did Cubism Originate
1. Development of Camera • 2. Radical Approach “New way of seeing”
Development of Camera
• From 1870-1910, development of technology • Realistic Artworks - replaced with photographs • New kinds of art works were needed for Radical Approach
Radical Approach
• “New way of seeing” - expand the field of art • Geometricity – various objects • Simultaneity – various views • Passage – objects penetrating other objects
Who is responsible for the birth of Cubism 1. Paul Cézanne 2. Pablo Picasso 3. Georges Braque
Paul Cézanne
• January 19 th , 1839 - October 22 nd , 1906 • French Painter who influenced Cubism • 3 major characteristics of his paintings • Passage, Geometricity, Stimultaneity • Early Cubism is called Cézannisme
Comparison Between the artwork of Cézanne’s and Picasso’s
Paul Cézanne Pablo Picasso
Cézanne, Paul, Still Life with Basket of Apples 1895 Oil on canvas, 65 cm x 80 cm Art institute of Chicago, http://www.paul-cezanne.org/Still-Life-with-Basket of-Apples.html, September 15, 2013
Picasso,Pablo, Still Life with Biscuits1924 Oil with sand on canvas; 80.8 x 100.4 cm The Cleveland Museum of Art,
http://cleveland.about.com/od/artmuseumsandgalleri es1/ig/From-Monet-to-Picasso/Still-Life-with Biscuits.htm, September 15, 2013
Pablo Picasso
• October 25 th , 1881 – April 8 th , 1973 • Spanish Painter • Co-founder of Cubism • Famous Paintings - Les desmoiselles d’Avignon - Guernica
Artwork of Picasso
Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon Guernica
Picasso, Pablo, Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon 1907 Oil on canvas,243.9cm x233.7cm Museum of Modern Art, http://www.pablopicasso.org/avignon.jsp, September 15, 2013 Picasso, Pablo, Guernica 1937 Oil on canvas,349cm x776cm Musio Reina Sofia, http://www.pablopicasso.org/guernica.jsp, September 15, 2013
Georges Braque
• May 13 th 1882 – August 31 st 1963 • French Painter • Co-founder of Cubism • Famous Paintings - Bottle and Fishes (Bouteille et Poissons) - Le bougeoir (The Candlestick)
Artwork of Braque
Bottle and Fishes Le bougeoir
Braque, Georges, Bottle and Fishes 1910,61.9cm x74.9cm Tate Gallery, http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/ bottle-and-fishes-bouteille-et-poissons-197983, September 15, 2013 Braque, Georges, Le bougeoir 1911,49.2cm x38.2cm Tate Gallery, http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/l e-bougeoir-the-candlestick-211173, September 15, 2013
Two styles of Cubism
1. Analytical Cubism 2. Synthetic Cubism
Analytical Cubism (1910-1912)
• Developed in 1909-1910 Winter • “Analyzed” natural parts in geometric shape • Many different view points • Fragmented images unified • Limited colors – Earth Tone or Magnetized
Synthetic Cubism (1912-1914)
• Developed around 1912 • Overlapping planes • “Collage” – Interpenetration • Colorful • Fragments of everything • Newspaper, paper cards Cigarette Packs
Comparing Analytic & Synthetic Cubism
• Analytic Cubism 1910-1912 • Synthetic Cubism 1912-1914 • Followed a standard form
• Painting itself • Dull Colors • Did not have a standard form
• Collage • Colorful
Analytic Cubism
Artworks
Accordionist - Picasso
Picasso, Pablo,Accordionist 1911, Oil on Canvas 130cm x89.5cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum http://www.thegreatgodpanisdead.com/2013/05/picass os-1911-accordionist-some-related.html, September 15, 2013 Braque, George, The Portuguese 1911 Oil on Canvas,119cm x81cm, Kunstmuseum Basel http://www.abcgallery.com/B/braque/braque138 .html, September 15, 2013
Synthetic Cubism
Artworks
Three Musicians- Picasso
Picasso, Pablo, Three Musicians 1921 Oil on Canvas,205cm x188cm, Museum of Modern Art http://www.pablopicasso.org/three musicians.jspl, September 15, 2013 Braque, George, Guitar 1919 Oil on Canvas,61cm x116.2cm, Private Collection http://www.goodreads.com/topic/show/1116883 -cubism, September 15, 2013
Comparing Artworks
Accordionist - Picasso Chair Caning
Picasso, Pablo,Accordionist 1911, Oil on Canvas 130cm x89.5cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum http://www.thegreatgodpanisdead.com/2013/05/picass os-1911-accordionist-some-related.html, September 15, 2013 Picasso, Pablo, Chair Caning 1912 Oil on canvas,27cm x35cm Musee Picasso, http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/picasso/chairca n.jpg.html, September 15, 2013
How did Cubism revolutionize the art world
1. Broke Traditional Rules 2. Revolution of Collage 3. Evolution to different art movements
Broke Traditional Rules
• Depicting Objects in New Ways • Realistic Shapes Geometric Shapes • Depicting Objects in more than one angle • 2-dimension 3~4 dimensional shapes
Revolution of Collage
• Collage had evolved from Synthetic Cubism • Pasting Fragments of various things • Assemblage of different objects • Interpenetration of art works
Evolution to Different Art Movements
• Futurism (1909-1914) • Orphism (1910-1913) • Vorticism (1914-1915) • Constructivism (1919-1932) • Purism (1920-1925)
THANK YOU
Bibliography
• " The Art Story.org - Your Guide to Modern Art." Cubism Movement, Artists and Major Works. Art Story Foundation, n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013.
Web. 15 Sept. 2013.
Web. 15 Sept. 2013.