Murder

SOMNUS, -I, m.

EI

SOMNIUM, -I, n.

ANIMUM RECUPERARE

NIHIL MALI

MALUS, -A, -UM

OBDORMIO, -IRE, -IVI, -ITURUS

CORPUS, COPORIS, n.

STERCUS, STERCORIS, n.

SUPRA

MANE

PUNIO, -IRE, -IVI, ITUS

SURGO, SURGERE, SURREXI, SURRECTURUS

SUM, ESSE, FUI, FUTURUS

ADIUVO, ADIUVARE, ADIUVI, ADIUTUS

PONO, PONERE, POSUI, POSITUS

CONICIO, CONICERE, CONIECI, CONIECTUS

PRIMUS, -A, -UM

LUX, LUCIS, f.

PRIMA LUCE-at dawn

MORTUUS, -A, -UM

SIMULO, -ARE, -AVI, -ATUS

FINIO, -IRE, -IVI, -ITUS

SERO

COGITO, -ARE, -AVI, -ATUS

VIDETUR

INVITUS, -A, -UM

EO, IRE, II or IVI, ITURUS

PETO, PETERE, PETIVI, PETITUS

INVENIO, INVENIRE, INVENI, INVENTUS

REMOVEO, REMOVERE, REMOVI, REMOTUS

EXTRAHO, EXTRAHERE, EXTRAXI, EXTRACTUS

VIDEO, VIDERE, VISI, VISUS

IUBEO, IUBERE, IUSSI, IUSSUS

VOLO, VELLE, VOLUI

DICO, DICERE, DIXI, DICTUS

POSSUM, POSSE, POTUI

Derivatives

Latin word(s) PETERE If you are… 1. distributing a petition, you are…signatures.

2. a somnambulist, you are a 3. receiving a corporal punishment, you are receiving punishment to your… 4. immortal, you will not 5. cogitating, you are 6. a person of infinite wisdom, your wisdom has no 7. making a deposit, you are…something down 8. corpulent, you have a large 9. considering punitive measures, you are looking for ways to 10. a general’s adjutant, you are the general’s 11. in a mortuary, you are surrounded by 12. simulating, you are SEEKING

Pre-Reading…

Miles hanc fabulam narravit: “Duo amici, Aulus et Septimus, dum iter in Graecia faciunt, ad urbem Megaram venerunt. Aulus in caupona pernoctavit, in villa hospitis Septimus. Media nocte, dum Septimus dormit, Aulus in somno ei apparuit et clamavit . ‘Age, Septime! Fer auxilium! Caupo me necare parat .’ “Septimus, somnio perterritus, statim surrexit et, postquam animum recuperavit , ‘Nihil mali,’ inquit. ‘Somnium modo fuit.’

Lines 1-12

“Deinde iterum obdormivit. Iterum tamen in somno Aulus suo amico apparuit; iterum Septimo clamavit , ‘Ubi ego auxilium petivi, tu non venisti. Nemo me adiuvare nunc potest. Caupo enim me necavit. Postquam hoc fecit, corpus meum in plaustro posuit et stercus supra coniecit. In animo habet plaustrum ex urbe cras movere. Necesse est igitur cras mane plaustrum petere et cauponem punire .’

Lines 1-12

Reading Comprehension

 1. Ubi est Megara?

 2. Ubi pernoctavit Aulus? Ubi erat amicus Auli?

 3. Quando Aulus Septimo apparuit?

Quando

…? When…?  4. Quid fecit Septimus postquam animum recuperavit?

 5. Ubi caupo corpus Auli posuit? Quid in animo habuit?

“Iterum surrexit Septimus. Prima luce ad cauponam iit et plaustrum petivit. Ubi plaustrum invenit, stercus removit et corpus extraxit. Septimus, ubi amicum mortuum vidit, lacrimavit. Caupo scelestus quoque lacrimavit, nam innocentiam simulabat. Septimus tamen cauponem statim accusavit. Mox cives eum puniverunt .” Postquam miles fabulam finivit, silentium fuit. Subito Cornelius exclamavit , “Agite, pueri! Nonne vos iussi post cenam cubitum ire? Cur ad cubiculum non istis ?”

Lines 13-27

Sed Sextus , “Nos quoque fabulam militis audire voluimus. Non defessi sumus. Non sero est.

Hoc tamen dixit Sextus quod cubitum ire timebat. Dum enim fabulam militis audiebat, cauponem spectabat. Cogitabat , “Quam scelestus ille caupo videtur! Certe in animo habet media nocte me necare. Necesse est vigilare .”

Lines 13-27

Etiam Marcus timebat. Cogitabat tamen , “Si hic caupo est scelestus, gaudeo quod miles in caupona pernoctat. Eucleides certe nos adiuvare non potest .” Inviti tandem pueri cubitum ierunt, vigilare parati. Mox tamen semisomni fuerunt. Brevi tempore obdormivit Marcus.

Lines 13-27

Reading Comprehension 2

 6. Quid Septimus prima luce fecit?

 7. Quando lacrimavit Septimus?

 8. Cur lacrimavit caupo?

 9. Quid cives fecerunt?

 10. Quid Sextus facere timebat?

 11. Cur Marcus gaudet?

 12. Quomodo pueri cubitum ierunt?

 13. Quid Marcus et Sextus facere in animo habuerunt?

Translation Review

 Lines 1-5 Who is telling the story? (line 1) Where are the two friends traveling? (line 2) To what city have they arrived? (line 3) Where does Aulus spend the night? (line 3) Where does Septimus spend the night? (line 3) Fill in line 4: “In the __________________of the night, while Septimus ______________, Aulus ________________ to him in a ___________ and shouted: What does Aulus ask for?

Why does he need this?

 Lines 6-12 How does the dream make Septimus feel? (line 6) Why does he go back to sleep? Line 7) What happens again when he is sleeping?

Fill in Aulus’s statements (lines 9-10): “When ____ asked for ____________, you ____ _____ _______. No one is able to ____________ me now. The innkeeper has ___________ me.”

13. Draw a picture of to go with this caption:  Postquam hoc fecit, corpus meum in plaustro posuit et sercus supra coniecit. 14. Postquam hoc fecit, corpus meum in plaustro posuit et sercus supra coniecit. 15. Where does the innkeeper plan to move the cart? Line 11 When does Septimus have to act? Line 12 16. What 2 things does Septimus have to do?  Line 12 17. What does Septimus look for? Line 13 18. What does he do when he finds the #17 answer? (line 14) 19. What makes Septimus cry?

20. Who else cries?

21. Why does this person cry?

22. Does Septimus believe this person (ans. to 20)? 23. What happens to the person (ans. to 20)?

24. After the story is finished what does Cornelius tell the boys? (lines 17-18) 25. What arguments does Sextus use against that? (3) Lines 19-20 26. Draw the scene: Mox tamen semisomni fuerant. Breve tempore obdormuit Marcus. 27. How does Sextus really feel? Line 21 What does Sextus think the soldier might do? Lines 21-23 28. Why does Marcus also

timebat

?

29. Would Eucleides be able to help?

30. The boys are described as unwilling and prepared? What are they unwilling about? What are they prepared to do?

Verb Meanings

_____ 1.

_____ 2.

_____ 3.

_____ 4.

_____ 5.

_____ 6.

_____ 7.

_____ 8.

_____ 9.

_____ 10.

_____ 11.

_____ 12.

_____ 13.

_____ 14.

_____ 15.

iaciunt removet misimus removebant iecisti removit mittitis removeo iaciebamus mittebas iecerunt mittimus removi mittebamus iaciebas a. they have thrown b. we kept throwing c. we are sending d. they are throwing e. I did remove f. he does remove g. we were sending h. you do send i. they were removing j. you were throwing k. we have sent l. you kept sending m. you threw n. I remove o. she removed

Tense ID

1. Marcus sub arbore sedebat sed subito surrexit.

2. Iam advesperascebat et viatores aedificia urbis conspexerunt. 3. Davus in horto saepe laborabat. 4. Servi cenam paraverunt et nunc cenare possumus. 5. Aurelia in caupona pernoctare noluit. 6. “Ego,” Cornelius inquit, “in caupona numquam pernoctavi .” 7. Cornelia manum ad canem identidem extendebat. 8. Sextus a cane fugit. 9. Quamquam Marcus dormiebat, Sextus obdormire non potuit.

Recycling Bin

1. Subject of narravit (1) 2. Accusative singular noun (2) 3. Verb-Perfect Tense (3) 4. Genitive Singular Noun (3) 5. Ablative Singular Noun (4) 6. Infinitive (5) 7. Ablative singular noun (6) 8. Verb-Perfect tense (8) 9. Verb-Perfect Tense, 2 nd Singular (9) 10. Direct Object of posuit (line 10) 11. Accusative singular noun (11) 12. Direct object of punier (12) 13. Ablative singular noun (13) 14. Verb-Imperfect Tense (line 15) 15. Genitive singular noun (19)

ID these verbs: PRES, IMP, PERF, INF

Narravit Faciunt Venire Dormiebant Apparuit Clamabat Parat Necare Posuit petere Apparebat Habet Necavit Extraxit Accusare Ibant Dixit Timebat Videt adiuvare

Fill in the Blanks

1. “______________________ ______________________,” inquit caupo. “Intrate, viatores!” (There is nothing wrong) 2. Aurelia ______________________ cauponam intravit. (unwilling) 3. Postquam cenam ______________________, miles fabulam narravit. (we finished) 4. “Meum ______________________ valde timeo,” ______________________ Septimus. (dream) (thought) 5. Aulus ______________________ ______________________ non poterat. (to regain his sense) 6. Caupo ______________________ ______________________ corpus iecit. (dung) (on top of) 7. Septimus ad cauponam ______________________ ______________________ iter fecit. (at dawn)

8. Caupo ______________________ scelestus ______________________. (to him) (seems) 9. Septimus Aulum ______________________ sub stercore invenit. (dead) 10. Pueri, ______________________ fabulam audiverunt, valde timebant. (after) 11. Sextus, quamquam ad cubiculum iit, non ______________________. (did…fall asleep) 12. Pueros, quod ______________________ cubitum ierunt, pater ______________________. (late) (punished) 13. Canes latrantes Marcum e ______________________ mane excitaverunt. (sleep) 14. Ubi corpus ______________________ vidit, caupo ______________________ simulavit. (of Aulus) (innocence)

Form that verb!

1. Cur vos nondum ________________________, pueri? (surgere) 2. Valde doleo, domine, quod ego fossam non ________________________. (videre) 3. Caupo servos ad raedam statim ________________________. (mittere) 4. Quo vos equos ________________________, servi? (ducere) 5. Servi cauponis raedam e fossa non ________________________. (extrahere) 6. Quid tu ________________________, Aurelia? (dicere) 7. Ego, mea domina, alium lectum tibi ________________________. (invenire)

8. Nos laeti amicos ________________________. (adiuvare) 9. Quando tu cubitum ________________________? (ire) 10. Illa nocte nos omnes defessi ________________________. (esse) 11. Ego te ________________________ fabulam narrare. (iubere) 12. Caupo corpus Auli in plaustrum ________________________. (iacere) 13. Septimus e plaustro corpus amici ________________________. (removere) 14. Cives statim cauponem scelestum ________________________. (petere) 15. “Cur tu me ________________________, domine?” rogavit caupo. (accusare)

Sextus Can’t Sleep

Sextus tamen non obdormivit, nam de militis fabula cogitabat. Itaque diu vigilabat et de Aulo mortuo cogitabat . Tandem, “Marce!” inquit. “Tune timebas ubi illam fabulam audivisti ?” Sed Marcus nihil respondit. Iterum , “Marce!” inquit. “Tune cauponem

replied

spectabas ?” Iterum silentium! Deinde Sextus, iam timidus, “Marce! Marce !” inquit. “Cur tu obdormivisti? Cur tu non vigilavisti?” Subito sonitum in cubiculo audivit . “O Eucleides!” inquit. “Cur ad

sound

cubiculum nondum venisti? O pater! Cur me in Italia reliquisti? Voluistine

Left behind

ita me ad mortem mittere? In Asiam ad te ire volo. Ibi enim nullum est

thus To my death

periculum, sed periculosum est hic in Italia habitare .” Multa se rogabat Sextus, nam, quamquam puer temerarius esse solebat, nunc media nocte in cubiculo tremebat.

Was trembling

Itaque Sextus, per totam noctem vigilare paratus, diu ibi

whole

sedebat . “Quomodo iam e manibus cauponis scelesti effugere

Was sitting To run away

possum? Suntne omnes caupones scelesti? Fortasse caupo me, filium civis praeclari, necare in animo habet. Quamquam Aulus aurum habuit, ego nihil habeo, neque aurum neque pecuniam .”

gold money

Ita cogitabat Sextus. Iterum sonitum audivit. Timebat sed tandem surrexit invitus, nam omnes cubiculi partes inspicere

To examine

volebat. Mox tamen risit. Ecce! Sub lecto erat feles, obesa et

laughed cat

semisomna. Prope felem Sextus murem mortuum vidit. Mussavit

mouse

Sextus , “Non necesse est hoc corpus sub stercore celare!”

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ID Verbs: Sextus Can’t Sleep

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

Translate into Latin:

1. Once Aulus was making a journey in Greece.

2. He could not find his friend’s country house, and so he spent the night in an inn.

3. When the innkeeper saw the tired traveler, he ordered slaves to help him.

4. But that night he killed (his) poor guest.

5. In the morning he hid the body under the dung in a wagon.

6. When the citizens removed the dung and saw Aulus dead, they loudly accused the innkeeper and punished him.

Culture: EAVESDROPPING

Silver Denarius Falernian wine Agricola, governor Of Britain

Early the Next Morning

Nondum lucebat, sed Cornelia, ut solebat, iam surgebat. Tunicam induit et tacite e cubiculo exiit, quod matrem excitare nolebat. E cubiculis cauponae nihil nisi silentium. Omnes adhuc dormiebant, sed Cornelia audire poterat vocem ancillae quae iam in culina laborabat.

kitchen

Cornelia igitur ad culinam appropinquavit et feminam conspexit. Dum Cornelia spectat, femina cibum coquit et

Caught sight of

cantat. Cornelia intrat.

sings

CORNELIA:

Nonne tu es femina quae saltat? Quid tibi nomen est?

dances ANCILLA:

Ita vero! Saltatrix sum. Me appellant Elissam. Quis es tu?

dancer They call CORNELIA:

Ego sum Cornelia. Quis te saltare docuit?

taught ANCILLA:

(

cum risu

) Ubi in urbe Gadibus habitabam cum

Gades, Cadiz-town in Spain

parentibus, mater me cum crotalis saltare, cantare, multa alia

castanet

facere docuit.

CORNELIA:

Si tu saltatrix es, cur cibum coquis?

ANCILLA:

Quamquam sum saltatrix, ancilla tamen sum.

CORNELIA:

Tu ancilla es? Quomodo ad Italiam venisti?

ANCILLA:

Piratae me me in Hispania ceperunt et ad Italiam tulerunt.

pirates captured brought

Apollodorus me in urbe Roma emit.

bought CORNELIA:

Si tu saltatrix es, cur cibum coquis?

ANCILLA:

Quomodo effugere possum? Nullos amicos in Italia habeo et ad Hispaniam sola redire non possum. Praeterea Apollodorus dominus bonus est quod ipse servus fuit. Me numquam verberat et omnia dat quae volo.

gives CORNELIA:

Praeter libertatem.

except freedom ANCILLA:

Ita vero! Praeter libertatem.

MythBuster: Phaethon

 Epaphus (son of Zeus and Io, grandson of Inachus-river god) was a friend of Phaethon  Phaethon bragged that his father was HELIUS  Epaphus, tired of the bragging, told him to prove it

  

Phaethon Runs to Mommy

Goes to Clymene and asked for a sign about who is father is Clymene cries out “My son, I swear to you by the radiance of Helius, which you now look upon, that from him you have been sprung. It is not hard to find your father’s home; the place where he rises borders our own land. If you are so worried, go and get answers from him yourself.” Phaethon jumped up and crossed over the continents until he came to the place where his father rose each morning

Helius’ Palace

  Phaethon was overwhelmed by the palace of Helius   Lofty columns Gold, bronze, silver, and ivory Came face to face with his father  Had to stand back because of the luminous rays of the sun  Helius sat on a throne, cloaked in purple with emeralds  Attendants surrounded him ○ Day, Month, Year, Century, Hours, Spring (with a flowering crown), Summer (garland of ripe grain), Autumn (grape stained), and Winter (old white locks)

Helius offers to grant Phaethon a wish

 Helius asked why he was there  Wants proof that he is his father  Helius embraced his son and said he is his father  So Phaethon doesn’t doubt Helius, he promises to grant a gift of his wish to Phaethon  Phaethon wanted to drive Helius ’ chariot with winged horses for one day ○ Only thing Helius can’t give him-gods can’t even control his chariot



Helius gravely warns Phaethon of danger

“When my horses first set out at dawn, they can hardly mount up, straining upwards along the steep arduous way, the summits of the highest heavens tower up to incredible heights. If I momentarily happen to glance down at the sea or lands from those dizzying heights, even I can’t help quaking and my heart races with anxiety. The way down is much worse with its swift and precipitous decline, requiring the surest and steadiest of drivers. Moreover, the rapid, whirling motion of the spinning universe brings on sudden dizziness, overcoming anyone except me alone, as I plow through the heavens in a direction opposite to the spinning of the earth



The perils of the constellations

“Imagine that you have been given that chariot. What would you do with it? Would you be able to hold fast in it against the spinning poles so that their revolving axes would not carry you away? No! And you would face these other dangers among the heavenly constellations: the Horned Bull (Taurus), the Haemonian Archer (Sagittarius), the Savage Lion (Leo), the Crab (Cancer), and the Scorpion (Scorpio) curving his wild arms in a long wild arc while the Crab swings out with his arm in the other direction. And what about my spirited horses? They breathe out fire from nose and mouth. I can scarcely manage them myself.”

 “Ah, child, beware in case I have granted you a deadly gift! Change your wish while there is still time! You have arrived here asking for a sign that I’m your father. Here’s a sure sign: I give you all the proof you need by the way in which I fear for your life. I have a father’s unselfish concern for your welfare. Come on, look all around, see all that is in this rich world and choose some other good thing. I will deny you nothing! I beg you not to ask of me this one request, which is not an honor and privilege, but instead, a dreadful punishment!”

Phaethon chooses to drive the chariot

    Phaethon insisted Helius led Phaethon to the chariot  Made by Hephaestus   Golden wheels, silver spokes Encrusted with chrysolites and other gems Aurora, goddess of dawn, began to open her purple gates; Lucifer, the morning star, went off Helius ordered the goddess Hours to yoke the horses; he put an ointment on the on Phaethon’s face to protect him from the sun’s rays



Fatherly Advice

“If, at least, you can obey your father’s warning, spare the lash and use the reins more strongly. The horses will go forward of their own will; the harder task will be to hold them back. Follow the course of my tracks in the skies —you’ll see them. Don’t wander too high off course or the heavens will burn; don’t go too low or the earth will be scorched. Stay between the writhing Serpent on the right and the Altar of Heaven on the left. Hold tight to the wheel! I leave the rest to Good Fortune who will help you and guide you better than you can yourself.”

Phaethon sets out but quickly loses control

 Phaethon got into the chariot and thanked his father   Horses exploded forward, because of the lightness of Phaethon the horses ran wild Phaethon didn’t know the course or how to handle the reins  Looked down and became fearful; what should he do?

 Overcome by fear of the constellations, he dropped the reins; the horses broke loose  Horses reared up towards the stars and then plummeted toward Earth  Set clouds and land on fire  Cities perished  Phaethon was at the mercy of the horses as he watched earth burning

Phaethon’s blazing chariot scorches the earth

     Heat dried up Northern Africa, creating a desert Nile River fled to the outer limit of the earth and hid its head, which still lies hidden, seven mouths lay dry, filled with silt Rivers of the West, the Rhone, Po and Tiber dried up Mountains sprang from the sea  Poseidon tried three times to lift himself from the sea, he failed because he could not stand the heat Mother Earth cried out to Zeus for mercy

Zeus hurls a thunderbolt to stop the chariot

 Zeus called upon the other gods, especially Helius to act as witnesses  Zeus flung a three-fold thunderbolt at the chariot and Phaethon, extinguishing fires with fire

The death of Phaethon

 Flames turned Phaethon’s hair red as he was flung from the chariot  Phaethon fell like a start through the sky  Naiads of the western land provided a tomb for his smoking remains  His tombstone read: SON of mighty Father SUN Here lies young, noble PHAETHON, Chariot Driver, Devastator.

He held not the well-worn course, But rashly dared with cart and horse .

 Myth explains the

aetiology

(cause) of the sun’s rising, just as the myth of Demeter and Persephone explains the natural phenomenon of the season of the year