Morphology (review exercises for midterm)
Download
Report
Transcript Morphology (review exercises for midterm)
MORPHOLOGY
(REVIEW EXERCISES)
LI 2013
NATHALIE F. MARTIN
What you should know:
MORPHOLOGY
(chap. 4, Rowe &
Levine)
Def: Morphology
Morphemes:
Free, bound morphemes
Analysing Word Structure
Root, affix
Base
Affix: prefix, suffix, infixes, circumfix
Derivation:
English
derivational affixes
Constraints in derivation
Trees
MORPHOLOGY
(continued)
(chap. 4, Rowe &
Levine)
What you should know:
Inflection:
Inflection in English
Inflection vs. Derivation
Compounding:
Properties of compounds
Other Morphological Phenomenon:
Processes: Compounding, Conversion,
Clipping, Blending, Back-formation,
Acronyms, Onomatopoeia, Eponyms &
Trade names, Derivation, Other word
formation processes, Foreign word
borrowing
TABLE OF CONTENT
Morphemes
Lexical Categories
Compound Words
Affixation and Trees
Bound Morphemes: Inflectional or Derivational?
Word Formation Process
Overall Review
Morphemes
WORDS: SIMPLE OR COMPLEX?
MORPHEMES: FREE OR BOUND?
Simple or Complex Words/Bound Morphems
Are these words simple or complex?
Circle the bound morphemes.
a. Anyways Complex -s
b. Forget
Forget Simple
c.
d.
e.
no bm
Undo Complex,
unTonight
Tonight Complex, no bm
Spleeny
Spleeny Complex, -y
O’Grady, 2009
Free & Bound Morphemes
Put a plus (+) sign between morphemes.
Label each as bound (b) or free (f)
e. Discredit dis (b) + credit (f)
Using Use (f) + ing (b)
g. Tricycle Tri (b) + cycle
h. Delight Delight (f)
i. Justify Just (f) + ify (b)
f.
Free & Bound Morphemes
Put a plus (+) sign between morphemes.
Label each as bound (b) or free (f)
a. Television
a. Tele (b) + vision (f)
b. Informatory b. In (b) + form (f) + atory (b)
c. Farming
c. Farm (f) + ing (b)
d. Reformation d. Re (b) + form (f) + ation (b)
e. Ranch
e. Ranch (f)
Lexical Categories
Exercise: Word class
Determine the word class of each of the following words.
Is it a content word of a function word?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Establishment
a
to
lovely
inconvenience
adversely
submit
or
from
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Noun
Determiner
Preposition
Adjective
Noun
Adverb
Verb
Conjunction
Preposition
Compound Words
REVIEW
Determine the lexical category of these compound word.
a. Makeover
a. VERB
b. Ladybug
b. NOUN
c. Workbook
c. VERB
d. Downcast
d. ADV
e. Firefly
e. NOUN
f.
*Downtrodden f. ADV
ADV = N
NOUN = N
NOUN = N
VERB = Adj
NOUN = N
V
= Adj
Affixation
and Trees
Word Structure – Morphological Trees
Draw the trees.
a)
b)
Reference: O’Grady & al. (2009)
Word Structure – Morphological Trees
Draw the tres.
c)
Reference: O’Grady & al. (2009)
Word Structure – Morphological Trees
Draw their tree structure.
Label the root, the base and the affix
Dis
satisfi
d) Dissatisfied
ed
Word Structure – Morphological Trees
Draw their tree structure.
Label the root, the base and the affix
d) Activation
Bound Morphemes:
Inflectional or Derivational?
Looking at the AFFIX:
Inflectional or Derivational?
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
impermeable
plagiarized
plagiarize
Cats
despair
fragility
slowest
1) Derivational prefix
2) Inflectional suffix
3) Derivational suffix
4) Inflectional suffix
5) Derivational prefix
6) Derivational suffix
7) Inflectional suffix
Looking at the AFFIX:
Inflectional or Derivational?
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
premade
undo
whiten
beaten
oxen
slower
teacher
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
Derivational prefix
Derivational prefix
Derivational suffix
Inflectional suffix
Inflectional suffix
Inflectional suffix
Derivational suffix
Looking at the AFFIX:
Inflectional or Derivational?
Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme
Label each BM as derivational (D) on inflectional (I).
a. Bill’s
a. BILL +
b. Running
b.
c. Player
c.
d. Action
d.
e. Roughest
e.
Comes
g. Friendly
f.
f.
g.
‘S (I)
RUN +
ING (I)
PLAY +
ER (D) *
ACT +
ION (D)
ROUGH + EST (I)
COME +
S (I)
FRIEND + LY (D)
Rowe & Levine, 2012
Looking at the AFFIX:
Inflectional or Derivational?
Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme
Label each as derivational (D) on inflectional (I).
h. Unfriendly
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
Longer
Loveable
Judgment
Banana
Slowest
Quicker
h. UN (D) + FRIEND + LY (D)
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
LONG +
LOVE +
JUDGE +
BANANA
SLOW +
QUICK +
ER (I)
ABLE (D)
MENT (D)
EST (I)
ER (I)
Rowe & Levine, 2012
Looking at the AFFIX:
Inflectional or Derivational?
Place a plus (+) sign between each morpheme
Label each as derivational (D) on inflectional (I).
o. Unhappy
o. UN (D) +
p. Semicircle
p.
q. Nobody
q.
r. Aaron’s
r.
s. Broken (adj) s.
s. Broken (v)
t.
Happily
u.
t.
HAPPY
SEMI (D) + CIRCLE
NO + BODY
AARON + ‘S (I)
BROKE + EN (D) *
BROKE + EN (I) *
HAPPY + LY (D)
Rowe & Levine, 2012
Word Formation Process
HOW TO NEW WORDS ARE CREATED
New Word Formation Process
Name all ten word formation processes seen
in class:
Derivation
Compounding
Conversion
Clipping
Blending
Back-formation
Acronyms
Onomatopoeia
Eponyms & Trade names
Foreign word borrowing
SUFFIXOCATING !!!
What was the word process used for the
word « suffixocating »
Homework - Ex 19, p. 144
a) Automation automate
a) Backformation
b) Humid humidifier
b) Derivation
c) Information, entertainment c) Blending
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
infotainment
Loveseat loveseat
d)
Progress progress
e)
Typographical error typo
f)
Aerobics, marathon aerobathon
Act deactivate
h)
Curve, ball curve ball
Compounding
Conversion
Clipping
g) Blending
Derivation
i) Compounding
O’Grady, 2009
Homework - Ex 19, p. 144
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Perambulator pram
(the) comb comb (your hair)
Beef, buffalo beefalo
Random access memory RAM
Megabyte meg
Teleprinter, exchanger telex
Influenza flu
GST Goods and Services Tax
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Clipping
Conversion
Blend
Acronym
Clipping
Blend
Clipping
Initialism
O’Grady, 2009
Overall Review
Morphology
Invent a word using this root : VACUUM
1.
2.
3.
4.
by adding a prefix to this base (make sure that there are
no constrains to the combination).
And then adding a suffix.
Draw the structure (tree) of the two words that you have
just created.
What are the lexical categories of these words?
Morphology
Invent a word using this root : WORSHIP
1.
2.
3.
4.
by adding a prefix to this base (make sure that there are
no constrains to the combination).
And then adding a suffix.
Draw the structure (tree) of the two words that you have
just created.
What are the lexical categories of these words?