Transcript A Wasteful World

Types of Waste
 Biodegradable/Non Biodegradable
 Domestic/Industrial
 Hazardous/Non-Hazardous
 Solid/Liquid
 Come up with an example of each if you can
HIC/MIC/LIC
 HIC stands for Highly Industrialised Country e.g. USA
 MIC stands for Mostly Industrialised Country e.g.
India
 LIC stands for Less Industrialised Country e.g.
Bangladesh
Who produces more waste?
 HIC countries usually produce more waste as they have
higher levels of disposable income and the constant
need to have the latest and greatest gadgets
 20% of the worlds population who live in HIC’s
produce 86% of the consumption of the worlds
products
 Poorest 20% consume only 1.3% of the worlds products
 Copy figure 1 pg 124 into your books to explain this
more
 Look at the table on pg 124 (figure 2)
 What is it showing us?
 Look at the following countries information: USA,
Australia, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Germany. What
do you notice?
 Look at the following countries information:
Cameroon, Kenya, Ethiopia, Congo, Bangladesh. What
do you notice?
 What is the map showing us on pg 125?
 How is it different to a normal map of the
world?
 The map is showing the amount of waste collected
from homes, schools and businesses
 How it is different to a normal map is that the more
waste a country produces, the fatter that country
seems on the map. Look at the size of the US for
example
 Look at the size of Africa on the map, what do you
think this tells us about the amount of waste produced
there?
What is the waste made up of?
 Look at figure 4. It breaks down how domestic waste is
created. Over a third of it is from packaging
 This diagram has changed over time. 50 years ago the % of
fires/ashes would have been much higher, why do you
think this?
 Nappies would not have been invented either, as babies
would have had cloth nappies instead of disposable ones,
so they would be reused
 E-waste didn't exist really either, now it is a massive
contributor to domestic waste due to the demand to have
the latest and greatest gadgets even if we don't need them!
United Kingdom: What happens to
the waste?
 2003/04: 72% went into landfills (hole in ground), 9%
incinerated (burned) 19% was recycled
 By 2007 it was up to 31% recycled
 This is good because it means less in landfills and
being burnt, this means less greenhouse gases in the
environment
How is waste recycled at local level
 Most councils or local authorities in the UK and other
countries have set up recycling centres.
 These centres are specifically set up to deal with
certain types of recycling e.g. cans, glass, paper
 Usually the recycling is put into specific bins by the
public and put out to be collected on certain days (see
the pictures pg 126)
How is the recycled material used?
 Look at the 4 orange boxes on page 127
 Read through each box carefully. You then need to
write what you consider to be the 4 most important
pieces of information for each box in your book. We
will then share these as a class and come up with what
we consider to be the most important points
 Don't just pick the first 4 points either as I could assess
you on this in tests and/or the exam!
HIC’s...How do they get rid of the
rubbish?
 Many different types of waste e.g
municipal waste, nuclear waste, other
types of toxic waste
Municipal Waste
 Germany known as recycling capital of Europe,
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produces 14 million tonnes of municipal waste each
year of which 60% is recycled
Quarter of a million people employed in waste
management industry
1970’s 50,000 landfills in Germany, now only 160 and
waste has to be treated
They also incinerate rubbish
People who run these plants are exempt from carbon
emission rules which creates problems (see pg 128)
 They also send rubbish to other countries and other
countries also send their rubbish to be disposed of by
Germany, its a big business!
 But there are problems with the recycling system, copy
the 4 bullet points from pg 129 that explain these
problems
Nuclear Waste
 Doesnt have any sites to reprocess or treat this kind of
waste, so it has to be sent overseas
 Doing this is very expensive for Germany to places like
France, UK and Siberia
 Hopefully they will eventually be able to deal with all
their nuclear waste. They are hoping to be able to do
this within the next few years
Other toxic waste products
 Most of this type of waste is sent overseas
 Alot of it was sent to Eastern Europe
 One famous example of this going wrong involved shipping
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toxic waste to Albania
The waste was labelled as aid for use in farming
But it had dangerous pesticides in it like toxaphene
If you put a litre of toxaphene into water it can contaminate
2 million cubic litres of water
There was 6000 litres of it in the 480 tonnes. It would cost
$5500 a tonne to get rid of the pesitcides
This caused many problems
Questions
 Answer the Foundation questions and then the Higher
questions from pg 130. You need to show me these
questions next week (Sunday for girls, Tuesday for
boys) for your second homework
Test: How and what to study, up to
you if you follow these tips!
 Pgs 124-130
 Types of Waste and its production/Recycling and disposal of
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waste
Look at the notes we have made in class
Look at the headings in the blue boxes on each page
Make sure you understand in particular the diagrams/tables and
what they are showing
Look at the learning outcomes/objectives of the two sections
The review boxes on pg 125 and 130 explain what you should
know
Orange boxes pg 127-know this!-you should already if you did
you homework!
Sources and Uses of Energy
 Look over the table on pgs 131-132. You dont need to
know everything on it, just be able to refer back to
maybe 1 or 2 examples of types of fuel if asked to do so
in an assessment
Ground Source Heating
 Can save you 70%
 Does not give off greenhouse gases
 Cheap in the long term as infinite resource (never run
out), but its expensive to build in first place
 Need space to build it
 It works by taking heat from the ground into pipes
filled with chemicals and water that are then heated
Power from the Sun
 Two options- photovoltaic cells and solar panels
 PC- expensive to install, but is fitted onto buildings.
Also not nice to look at
 They are panels/tiles which produce energy from light
 SP- can provide you with most of your hot water, no
ongoing costs, fitted to building, but not good in
places with not much sun
 Fluid in the panels heat up producing hot water
Wind Power
 Turbines are used to produce energy
 They are quiet and efficient, dont give off any
emissions
 Needs to have a certain wind speed to work, not nice to
look at and can affect local wildlife patterns
Power from water
 Controlling water to power turbines, can be done with
rivers or tidal water
 Cheap to run as water is infinite resource
 Expensive to build
 Can affect the environment in different ways
Management of energy usage and
waste
 Energy usage has doubled every 20 years
 But we waste most of the energy through a number of
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ways
Copy the red bullet points from pg 135
The wasted energy could supply 66,000 homes
Energy wastage continues to rise because we are
building bigger homes and these need more energy
Heating and cooling systems and dishwashers use the
most energy
How do we waste energy in school
and at home?
 Think about how we use energy here at school and at
home. We are all guilty of wasting energy e.g lights
being left on when no one in a room, tv left on standby,
phone chargers plugged in with no phone charging
 Your task is to make up a list of areas at home and at
school where energy is being wasted. You then need to
come up with a viable solution to the problem. Some
will be more complicated than others. You need to do
this as it will be part of your next assessment