Transcript C-Section May Disrupt `Good` Bacteria in Babies
Impact of Birthing Practices on Newborn Baby Care and Breastfeeding يروار دومحم رتكد
وووووشه هواس ناکدوک صصختم ت هوووووضع دامر ش يكشزپ مولع هدکشناد
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W OMEN NEVER FORGET THEIR BIRTH DAYS Giving birth is one of the most significant events in a woman’s life.
Pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding are all part of the same continuum
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The medicalization of birth and postpartum processes has created additional barrier to successful
breastfeeding
Birth interventions that
the infant disrupt the natural interaction between the mother and in the immediate postpartum period
can impact long-term breastfeeding success.
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The first minutes after birth are a very vulnerable period for both mother and
newborn.
Babies born by cesarean may also suffer from the consequences of this type of birth process. A mother's breastfeeding experience can be:
“Profoundly affected by what happens during the first hours after birth” DR RAVARI 2014
Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
BIRTH CANAL
Lowered risk of respiratory problems
As the babies pass through the vagina, pressure in the vaginal helps baby to
expulse the amniotic fluid inside the
lung. This can help babies to breathe better once they are outside the mothers' body.
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What physical effects may occur in babies more frequently with
CESAREAN DELIVERY
?
Respiratory distress syndrome
(TTN.HMD) elective CS
Pulmonary hypertension
Not breastfeeding
Neonatal mortality
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C ESAREAN SECTION Risk of maternal death is 3.6 times higher for cesarean than vaginal birth.
Infants are 1.5 times more likely to die during
elective first cesarean
than vaginal birth.
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Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
☻BIRTH CANAL
Babies will pick up a protective bacterial
boost his or her immune system and make him or her less vulnerable to some infectious diseases and protection against childhood
chronic disease
as they pass through the vagina. This bacterial can
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C ESAREAN DELIVERY VERSUS VAGINAL DELIVERY
Play in the development of childhood chronic disease(Autoimmune)
Allergic diseases (Asthma, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, Wheezing, Hay fever) and Cow's milk allergy/intolerance Type 1 diabetes Obesity Influences neonatal mucosal immunity Increases the risk digestive , respiratory and
infectious disease
Increases the risk in adults for allergic diseases(asthma) Influences the acquisition time of cariogenic Bactria in children. DR RAVARI 2014
Endorphins in Childbirth :Body’s Natural Painkillers
Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
Endorphin levels are
highest during vaginal deliveries
unmediated mothers.
in During labor, endorphin levels rise during each contraction, most noticeably in the second stage of labor. Endorphin levels are highest just after birth. It takes two weeks after birth for endorphin levels in the body to return to normal.
Endorphin levels protect and serve babies during childbirth as well. Endorphins are elevated in newborns that experience distress during the birth process.
Endorphins stimulate the production of prolactin, the relaxing “mothering” hormone that aids in breastfeeding and mama-
baby bonding after birth Epidural Analgesia decrease maternal endorphin
and lower endorphin levels to the neonate during breast-feeding. Lower endorphin levels, in turn, may render the neonate less
likely to suckle optimally
production
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Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
Human infants experience a contractions.
catecholamine
surge immediately post birth secondary to compression of the fetal head and intermittent hypoxia during These high levels of circulating
catecholamines cause the olfactory bulbs in the infant’s nares to be extremely sensitive
mother’s nipple to the odor cues that guide the infant towards the
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Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
Newborns from
VAGINAL
DELIVERY, with high levels of
catecholamines
from the maternal circulation, are better equipped to adapt to extra
uterine life than those
delivered by cesarean section.
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STEP 4 BFHI NINE INSTINCTIVE STAGES DR RAVARI 2014
Benefits of normal vaginal delivery For Babies
Babies born by
normal delivery
demonstrate more interest in pre-
breastfeeding behaviors such as
sucking mother's breasts. Babies born by normal delivery are also reported to nurse for longer periods within the first 90 minutes after birth, which has many benefits for both the mother and the baby Higher breastfeeding success rate.
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I NITIATION OF B REASTFEEDING
Self-attachment
assistance. refers to the phenomenon that full term undrugged infants, left on their mother's chest undisturbed, will
breastfeed spontaneously within one hour, without any
However, skin-to-skin contact is required in order for this behaviour to succeed. Mothers and babies should not be separated at birth.
The newborn actually stimulates hormonal responses ( the mother.
oxytocin
) in the mother, which trigger caregiving and protective behaviours from By kicking on the
mother
s uterus to contract strongly, preventing post-partum bleeding. Babies that are placed on their mother's bare chest are more likely
to latch on to their mother's breast and are likely to latch on well,
compared to babies that are not immediately placed on their mothers.
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S KIN TO SKIN CONTACT
Research has shown that early skin-to-skin contact between a mother and baby at birth reduces crying , decreased stress metabolic adaptation improves mother-baby interaction keeps the baby warmer facilitate the early initiation of exclusive breastfeeding helps women breastfeed successfully (effective suckling) and for longer
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S KIN -T O -S KIN C ONTACT
The first hour or so after birth are crucial
for mother and baby
in terms of
their wellbeing,
the opportunity to bond with each other and,
the first breastfeed.
SKIN-TO-SKIN CONTACT promotes all three of these things.
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DYAD
MOTHER AND INFANT PAIR
A baby knows instinctively that she is dependent on her mother to survive, and so if they are separated, the baby experiences distress and the mother does not experience the release of hormones that triggers her strong, protective 'mothering' instincts.
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M ATERNAL INFANT SEPARATION
Separation “distress cry” when separated. Levels of stress hormones rise and
temperature, blood sugar, breathing, and heart rate become
unstable when separated Separation my lead to complications such as: hypothermia and hypoglycemia, increased the likelihood of supplementation.
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B REASTFEEDING A FTER A C ESAREAN Babies born via c-section may be somewhat drowsy and lethargic, especially if the mother was exposed to
analgesia and anesthetics
during labor.
for a prolonged period of time Initiation of breastfeeding is often delayed Urgent cesarean births have been associated with delayed milk production, possibly related to the stress involved(Risk factor in delayed Lactogenesis II)
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C AESAREAN BIRTH
Reduce initiation of breastfeeding,
Increase the length of time before the first breastfeed,
Reduce the incidence of exclusive breastfeeding,
Significantly delay the onset of lactation
Increase the likelihood of supplementation.
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I NDUCTION ( OXYTOCIN )
Pitocin , when used to induce or stimulate labor, has an antidiuretic effect. Edema may result from pitocin use, particulary in extremities such as the breast and nipple tissue ( meaty and flat) that make it difficult for infant to latch. it can take as long as 2 weeks for the edema is relieved.
Inducing laber
>
strong,close contarction
>
pressure on the baby head
>
more painful for the mother CS)
> >
more drugs
>
iv hydration
>
more need forceps or vacuum or surgery(episiotomy or duration epidural anesthesia> maternal fever
>
infant fever
>
more separation
>
sepsis workups.
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R E EVALUATING C ESAREAN B IRTH Cesareans with regional anesthesia is an option And mothers are able to breastfeed sooner DR RAVARI 2014
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