Transcript The Athenian Golden Age - socialstudiesSOLreview
Classical Greece
Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age
The Athenian Golden Age
1.
a.
Setting the Stage
The Greek Civilization was a collection of
city-states b.
Athens
and
Sparta
were two of the most powerful cities for different reasons
Athens Today
Ancient Athens
Ancient Athens
The Athenian Golden Age
2.
a.
b.
Athens
From 477 to 431 B.C., Athens experienced a growth in
intellectual artistic learning
. This was known as the
Golden Age
of Athens .
Pericles
: held power in Athens for 32 years and i.
Goals: 1.
Strengthen
Athenian Democracy
2.
To hold and strengthen the
empire 3.
Glorify
Athens a.
Architecture: The
Parthenon
on the Athenian
Acropolis b.
c.
Direct
Democracy was introduced under Pericles Head of
Delian League
, an
alliance
after the defeat of the
Persians
system created
Athenian Acropolis
The Parthenon
Sparta
The Athenian Golden Age
3.
a.
Sparta
Sparta was a
military
city-state b.
c.
d.
e.
Sparta had a
better army
than Athens; Athens had the better
navy Weren’t Builders
Due to its
inland
location, Sparta could
not
Many men in Sparta were
soldiers for life
be attacked by
sea
The Athenian Golden Age
4.
Peloponnesian War : Athens vs. Sparta
a.
As Athens grew, city-states viewed it with
hostility
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Sparta
declared war
in 431 B.C.
Sparta marched to Athens and
burned food
supply
Plague
hits Athens in 2 nd year of the war- 1/3 rd 421 B.C. a
truce
is signed but doesn’t last long die including Pericles In 413 B.C Athens’ navy is decimated at
Syracuse
(Spartan ally) Athens survives for 9 more years but
surrenders
to Sparta in 404 B.C.
Peloponnesian War
The Athenian Golden Age
5.
a.
Philosophers
After the Peloponnesian War, many Athenians
lost confidence in democracy
b.
c.
i.
Philosophers (
lovers of wisdom
) had two assumptions The universe is put together in an
orderly way
, and subject to
absolute
and unchanging
laws
ii.
Great thinkers known as
philosophers
began to seek
truth
People can understand these laws through
logic
and
reason
The Athenian Golden Age
d.
i.
Important philosophers Socrates
1.
2.
3.
“
The unexamined life is not worth living
” In 399 B.C. brought to trial for “
corrupting
the
youth
of Athens” Jury condemned him to
die
: drank
hemlock
(poison)
The Athenian Golden Age
ii.
1.
Plato
Student of
Socrates
2.
Wrote “
The Republic
” –perfectly governed society 3.
Pupil-
Aristotle
The Athenian Golden Age
iii.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Aristotle
Questioned the
nature
of the
world
Invented method of
arguing
according to rules of
logic
His work provides basis of the
scientific method
today Pupil-
Alexander the Great
The Athenian Golden Age