Transcript PPT

Member of the Helmholtz Association
PSI-2 - the pilot experiment
of the JULE-PSI project
Arkadi Kreter on behalf of FZJ PWI team
Institute for Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich,
Association EURATOM-FZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Germany
2nd International Workshop on Plasma Material Interaction Facilities
for Fusion Research (PMIF)
Jülich, Germany, 19 September 2011
JULE-PSI: Jülich Linear Experiment for
PSI studies in a Hot Cell
PMI studies with
• Neutron irradiated materials
• All wall materials incl. Beryllium
• Low quantities of Tritium
Schematic view
Based on PSI-2 / PISCES type device
Installation in a Hot Cell for handling of
radioactive and toxic materials
Plasma source
Target chamber
Surface analysis
Linear manipulator
 Talk by B. Unterberg
PSI-2 is the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
2
PSI-1/2: 17 years of operation in Berlin
Formerly operated by IPP-Garching at Humboldt Univ., Berlin
 PSI-1 was first operated in 1992
 Upgrade to PSI-2 in 1998: extended target chamber with 2 additional coils
 Transfer to FZJ in October 2009
PSI-2 installation in Berlin
1m
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
3
PSI-2: new life in Jülich
 Transferred from Berlin to Jülich in October 2009
 First plasma in Jülich in January 2011
 Idea: Existing PSI-2 as the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project,
outside of hot cell
 Name: PSI-2 (Jülich)
 Goals:
 Gain experience operating linear plasma device
 Test of components for JULE-PSI
• Prototype of target station
• Plasma source optimization
• Diagnostics
• Other peripheral components
 Contribute to current PMI research topics
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
4
Current installation of PSI-2
Current status corresponds to the installation in Berlin before transport
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
5
First plasma of PSI-2 in Jülich
Text from IEK-4 news web site of 7/Jan/2011
First plasma in PSI-2 Jülich
Today, Friday 7th of January 2011, 6.30 pm, the
very first Argon discharge has been produced in
the PSI-2 Jülich device. This achievement
constitutes a major milestone for our PSI
programme on linear devices, which aims at the
investigation of PSI processes with neutron
activated fusion materials with the linear plasma
device JULE-PSI in the Hot Material Laboratory
(HML) of FZJ. PSI-2 Jülich will serve as a pilot
experiment for this development and supplement
our portfolio of facilities for the joint TEC
programme on plasma-surface interactions.
Many thanks to the whole PSI-2 team, in
particular to our colleagues from Berlin, Werner
Bohmeyer and Achim Mans.
Since August 2011 routine operation in deuterium
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
6
Typical plasma parameters in PSI-2
For deuterium plasma
ne [m-3]
Te [eV]
Flux [m-2 s-1]
Ei [eV]
< 1019
< 20
< 1023
10 – 300 (bias)
Example of Ar plasma profile at target position
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
7
PSI-2: plasma generator with cylindrical cathode
Cylindrical cathode w/o heat shield
• Arc discharge up to 1000 A and 150 V
• Typical regime of operation:
• Heating up and cooling down ~60 min
• Steady-state plasma of several hours per day
• Change of discharge parameters (incl.
working gas) on one day possible
• Exchange of the cathode every 12 – 18 months
• Advantages:
• Larger emitter area  more efficient plasma
production
Cylindrical cathode assembly
• Less prone to break due to thermal stresses
• Observation through the aperture
• Drawback (decisive):
• Hollow plasma profile
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
8
PSI-2: new disc-shaped cathode
• Originally designed by H. Greuner
• Partially constructed and tested in Berlin, but never in plasma operation
• Currently: optimization of design and testing
• Installation on PSI-2 is planned for Dec. 2011
Heater of disc-shaped cathode
Arkadi Kreter
Disc-shaped cathode assembly
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
9
Plasma source options for JULE-PSI
 Options to optimize arc source performance / reliability are analysed
in collaboration with the Budker Institute
 talk by A. Ivanov (for V. Davydenko)
 Alternatively, helicon-type plasma source is considered, also in
collaboration with the Budker Institute
• Synergy from the helicon source development at ORNL?
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
10
Target manipulators
• First stage: side-fed
manipulator from Berlin
PSI-2 current installation
• Currently being refurbished
and adapted for our
purposes
• To be installed in Oct 2011
• Second stage: new target
station
Layout of sample holder in plasma
Side-fed manipulator
support structure
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
11
Target station
Plasma
source
Typical target position
Exchange and
Analysis
chamber
Target
manipulator
• Serves as prototype of JULE-PSI target
station  talk by B. Unterberg
• Currently being manufactured
• Installation by the end of 2011
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
12
Diagnostics on PSI-2
PSI-2 serves as test-bed for diagnostic development for JULE-PSI
 Focus on reliability and easy maintenance
Plasma diagnostics (characterization of background plasma)
• Optical spectroscopy
• Langmuir probe
• Thomson scattering being considered as substitute of Langmuir probe
In-situ PMI diagnostics
• Optical spectroscopy
• IR thermography
• Quartz microbalance (QMB)
In-vacuo sample analysis
Target station: linear manipulator and surface analysis station with
• Laser-aided analysis methods (LID, LIBS)  talk by B. Unterberg
• Glow discharge spectroscopy  talk by C. Klepper
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
13
Spectroscopy
Spectrometer systems available:
i) Direct imaging spectrometer at the target
Spectrometer Acton 0.75m (SP2750 UV-VIS-NIR) with
detector 2D EMCCD Andor NEWTON DU971 1600 x 400
ii) Fibre-coupled spectrometer in Littrow arrangement (10 nm coverage @ R=20000)
Spectrometer 0.75 m Echelle optimised for VIS with
detector 2D EMCCD Andor IXON DU888 EC 1024 x 1024
iii) Fibre-coupled spectrometer in Littrow arrangement (2 nm coverage @ R=100000)
Spectrometer 1.25 m Echelle optimised for VIS with
detector 2D EMCCD Andor IXON DU888 EC 1024 x 1024
iv) 2 sets of 4 channel compact spectrometers (300-858 nm @ R= 7500)
Avantes set (JET KT1-type with 1800 l/mm and 10 m slit):
Ch.1 300-455 nm, ch.2 450-577 nm, ch.3 575-681 nm, ch.4 658-858 nm
v) Overview compact spectrometer
Avantes 300 -1100 nm with 300 l/mm and 10 m slit
vi) Spectrelle and deep UV compact spectrometer
to be shared with TEXTOR
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
14
Ex-situ surface analysis available in FZJ
• High-precision balance (0.1 g)
 Weight loss measurements
• Thermal desorption spectrometry (TDS)
 Retention with temperature resolution
• SEM / EDX
 Morphology / Elemental composition
• Ion beam analyses: NRA, RBS,..
 Absolute amounts of surface materials, limited depth resolution
• Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)
 Depth distribution of elements
• X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS)
 Chemical composition and state (e.g. carbidization)
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
15
Physics programme on PSI-2
Recombining deuterium plasma
• Plasma characterization
• Hydrogen and impurity spectroscopy
• Fuel retention in tungsten and graphite under
the influence of impurities
• Erosion of tungsten and tungsten
spectroscopy
• Simulation of transient heat loads by laser
(collaboration with Budker Institute)
Neutralizer plate
 Talks by A. Burdakov and A. Shoshin
• EUROFER as first wall material
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
16
Summary
 PSI-2 to serve as pilot experiment for JULE-PSI
 Transferred from Berlin to Jülich and successfully taken into operation
 New components (cathode, target station, laser, diagnostics) purchased
and partially delivered and commissioned
 Physics programme started with plasma characterization and
spectroscopic studies
 PMI programme to start from October 2011
Arkadi Kreter
“PSI-2 - the pilot experiment of the JULE-PSI project"
PMIF, Jülich, 19 Sep 2011
17